Preprints
There are 5726 Preprints listed.
Comparing patterns of hurricane washover into built and unbuilt environments
Published: 2020-10-23
Subjects: Geomorphology, Nature and Society Relations, Physical and Environmental Geography, Sustainability
Extreme geohazard events can change landscape morphology by redistributing huge volumes of sediment. Event-driven sediment deposition is typically studied in unbuilt settings – despite the ubiquity of occurrence and high economic cost of these geohazard impacts in built environments. Moreover, sedimentary consequences of extreme events in built settings tend to go unrecorded because they are [...]
ROMY: A Multi-Component Ring Laser for Geodesy and Geophysics
Published: 2020-10-23
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Single-component ring lasers have provided high-resolution observations of Earth's rotation rate as well as local earthquake- or otherwise-induced rotational ground motions. Here we present the design, construction, and operational aspects of ROMY, a four-component, tetrahedral-shaped ring laser installed at the Geophysical Observatory Fürstenfeldbruck near Munich, Germany. Four equilateral, [...]
Development of new Index based supervised algorithm for separation of Built-Up and River Sand pixels from Landsat7 imagery : Comparison of performance with SVM
Published: 2020-10-23
Subjects: Computational Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Engineering
While classifying “built-up” pixels from satel- lite imagery, both machine learning & index based algo- rithms often misclassify “river sand” pixels as “built-up” ones due to the similarity in their spectral profiles. With the help of the spectral reflectance information in BLUE & GREEN bands of Landsat satellite imagery, this study has introduced a new index BRSSI (Built-Up & River Sand [...]
A single multi-scale and multi-sourced semi-automated lineament detection technique for detailed structural mapping with applications to geothermal energy exploration
Published: 2020-10-23
Subjects: Geology, Geomorphology, Tectonics and Structure
A multitude of semi-automated algorithms, many incorporating multi-sourced datasets into a single analysis, now exist. However, these operate at a fixed pixel resolution resulting in multi-sourced methods being limited by the largest input pixel size. Multi-scale lineament detection circumvents this issue and allows increased levels of detail to be captured. In this study we present a [...]
DeepPhasePick: A method for Detecting and Picking Seismic Phases from Local Earthquakes based on highly optimized Convolutional and Recurrent Deep Neural Networks
Published: 2020-10-23
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Seismic phase detection, identification and first-onset picking are basic but essential routines to analyse earthquake data. As both the number of seismic stations, globally and regionally, and the number of experiments greatly increase due to ever greater availability of instrumentation, automated data processing becomes more and more essential. E.g., for modern seismic experiments involving [...]
Testing the effect of bioturbation and species abundance upon discrete-depth individual foraminifera analysis
Published: 2020-10-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology
We use a single foraminifera enabled, holistic hydroclimate-to-sediment transient modelling approach to fundamentally evaluate the efficacy of discrete-depth individual foraminifera analysis (IFA) for reconstructing past sea surface temperature (SST) variability from deep-sea sediment archives, a method that has been used for, amongst other applications, reconstructing El Niño Southern [...]
1600 year-long sedimentary record of tsunamis and hurricanes in the Lesser Antilles (Scrub Island, Anguilla)
Published: 2020-10-22
Subjects: Geochemistry, Oceanography, Sedimentology
The Lesser Antilles are a densely populated and a very touristic region exposed to many short-term hazards such as hurricanes and tsunamis. However, the historical catalog of these events is too short to allow risk assessment and return period estimations, and it needs to be completed with long-term geological records. Two sediment cores were sampled in March 2018 in a small coastal lagoon on [...]
Multi-scale hydro-morphodynamic modelling using mesh movement methods.
Published: 2020-10-22
Subjects: Applied Mathematics, Geomorphology, Mathematics, Numerical Analysis and Computation, Partial Differential Equations
Hydro-morphodynamic models are an important tool that can be used in the protection of coastal zones. They can be required to resolve spatial scales ranging from sub-metre to hundreds of kilometres and are computationally expensive. In this work, we apply mesh movement methods to a depth-averaged hydro-morphodynamic model for the first time, in order to tackle both these issues. Mesh movement [...]
Hydropower information for power system modelling: the JRC-EFAS-Hydropower dataset
Published: 2020-10-22
Subjects: Power and Energy, Water Resource Management
Hydropower plays a very important role in European power systems. Consequently, any power system model aiming to reproduce the behaviour of current and future European power systems should include an accurate representation of the natural variability of water availability, i.e. the amount of water that can be transformed into energy. The JRC-EFAS-Hydropower dataset contains the weekly [...]
Transitioning Machine Learning from Theory to Practice in Natural Resources Management
Published: 2020-10-22
Subjects: Agriculture, Computer Sciences, Environmental Education, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Forest Management, Forest Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Water Resource Management
Advances in sensing and computation have accelerated at unprecedented rates and scales, in turn creating new opportunities for natural resources managers to improve adaptive and predictive management practices by coupling large environmental datasets with machine learning (ML). Yet, to date, ML models often remain inaccessible to managers working outside of academic research. To identify [...]
Controls on denudation along the East Australian continental margin
Published: 2020-10-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We report a comprehensive inventory of Be-10-based basin-wide denudation rates (n=160) and Al-26/Be-10 ratios (n=67) from 48 drainage basins along a 3,000 km stretch of the East Australian passive continental margin. We provide data from both basins draining east of the continental divide (n=37) and discharging into the Tasman and Coral Seas, and from basins draining to the west as part of the [...]
Linking elastic and electrical properties of rocks using cross-property DEM
Published: 2020-10-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Engineering Science and Materials, Geophysics and Seismology, Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Joint electrical-elastic rock physics modelling can be instrumental in lowering uncertainty in subsurface reservoir characterisation. Typical electrical-elastic cross-property models, however, are empirical or require an intermediate step of porosity estimation to link a rock's electrical and elastic moduli, which can be error-prone away from well controls. Another outstanding issue in [...]
Tuning sedimentation through surface charge and particle shape
Published: 2020-10-22
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Mud forms the foundation of many coastal and tidal environments. Clay suspensions carried downstream from rivers encounter saline waters, which encourages aggregation and sedimentation by reducing electrostatic repulsion among particles. We perform experiments to examine the effects of surface charge on both the rate and style of sedimentation, using kaolinite particles as a model mud suspension [...]
Was the Kalkarindji continental flood basalt province a driver of environmental change at the dawn of the Phanerozoic?
Published: 2020-10-22
Subjects: Paleobiology, Volcanology
The Kalkarindji continental flood basalt province of Northern Australia is the oldest basaltic LIP in the Phanerozoic having erupted in the mid Cambrian. At this time, during the Cambrian Explosion, the global environment suffered a series of mass extinctions and biotic turnover. Kalkarindji had the potential to release 1.65 x 106 Tg of CO2, approximately 1.72% of the total Cambrian atmospheric [...]
Dam busy: beavers and their influence on the structure and function of river corridor hydrology, geomorphology, biogeochemistry and ecosystems
Published: 2020-10-22
Subjects: Education
Beavers (castor fiber, castor canadensis) are the most influential mammalian ecosystem engineer, heavily modifying river corridors and influencing hydrology, geomorphology, nutrient cycling, and ecology. As an agent of disturbance, they achieve this first and foremost through dam construction, which impounds flow and increases the extent of open water, and from which all other landscape and [...]