Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Gaia: Complex Systems Prediction for Time to Adapt to Climate Shocks
Published: 2022-11-08
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A proposal, called “Gaia”, that life regulates Earth’s climate to its advantage, is partially supported by Earth’s climate history, wherein temperature fluctuations over the past ca. half billion years have mostly been small enough to protect life from extremes of climatic fluctuations, while global temperatures overall cooled during the 3.8 Ga when life was present, in spite of increased solar [...]
CO2 transport and storage feasibility and cost study for ASEAN
Published: 2022-11-08
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology is expected to a play a significant role in reducing CO2 emissions globally. The first steps for successful deployment include identifying CO2 storage potential, determining CO2 injection rates, evaluating of CO2 transport options, estimating associated costs, and facilitating policy and regulatory frameworks. To evaluate the CCS feasibility in [...]
Geodynamically corrected Pliocene shoreline elevations in Australia consistent with mid-range projections of Antarctic ice loss
Published: 2022-11-08
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Mid-Pliocene represents the most recent interval in Earth history with climatic conditions similar to those expected in the coming decades. Mid-Pliocene sea-level estimates therefore provide important constraints on projections of future ice-sheet behaviour and sea-level change, but differ by tens of metres due to local distortion of paleoshorelines caused by mantle dynamics. Here, we combine [...]
The missing carbon budget puzzle piece: shallow-water hydrothermal vents contribution to global CO2 fluxes
Published: 2022-11-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Planetary Biogeochemistry, Volcanology
The release of CO2 gases from volcanoes and their secondary geothermal manifestations are an important contributor to the global carbon budget. While degassing from mid ocean ridges is relatively well-constrained, the contribution of shallow submarine volcanic degassing to the atmosphere is less clear. Shallow-water hydrothermal vents are common seafloor features present at depths shallower than [...]
Seismic Architecture of the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere System in the Western United States from a Joint Inversion of Body- and Surface-wave Observations: Distribution of Partial Melt in the Upper Mantle
Published: 2022-11-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Quantitative evaluation of the physical state of the upper mantle, including mapping temperature variations and the possible distribution of partial melt, requires accurately characterizing absolute seismic velocities near seismic discontinuities. We present a joint inversion for absolute but discontinuous models of shear-wave velocity (Vs) using 4 types of data: Rayleigh wave phases velocities, [...]
Revisiting earlier predictions of glacier retreat: The case of Langfjordjøkelen
Published: 2022-11-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
European glaciers constitute a part of the climate system that is bound to greatly change in the course of the 21st century. Recent length-change observations from Langfjordjøkelen in northern Norway confirm the earlier predictions of Charalampidis (2012), who identified the glacier’s disequilibrium with climate and hence extensive committed ice loss in the 21st century. Simulations suggest that, [...]
The unknown fate of macroplastic in mountain rivers
Published: 2022-11-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Geology, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Life Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Sustainability, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology, Water Resource Management
Mountain rivers are typically seen as relatively pristine ecosystems, supporting numerous goods (e.g., water resources) for human populations living not only in the mountain regions but also downstream from them. Recent evidence suggests, however, that mountain river valleys in populated areas can be substantially polluted by macroplastic (plastic item > 5 mm). It is, however, unknown how [...]
The relationship between sea surface temperature anomalies, wind and translation speed and North Atlantic tropical cyclone rainfall over ocean and land.
Published: 2022-11-10
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
There have been increasing losses from freshwater flooding associated with United States (US) landfalling hurricanes in recent years. This study analyses the relationship between sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA), wind and translation speed and North Atlantic tropical cyclone precipitation (TCP) for the period 1998-2017. For a 1degree C SST increase in the main development region (MDR), [...]
A new automated method for improving georeferencing of nighttime ECOSTRESS thermal imagery
Published: 2022-11-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Georeferencing accuracy plays a crucial role in providing high-quality ready-to-use remote sensing data. Georeferencing of satellite imagery is typically based on position and pointing direction of a sensor, which are provided by star trackers and GPS. As the Ecosystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS) is not equipped with star trackers, georeferencing of its [...]
Energy budget diagnosis of changing climate feedback
Published: 2022-11-15
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
The climate feedback determines how Earth's climate responds to anthropogenic forcing. It has been more negative in recent decades than predicted by Earth system models due to a sea surface temperature `pattern effect', whereby warming is concentrated in the western tropical Pacific, where nonlocal radiative feedbacks are very negative. This phenomenon has however primarily been studied within [...]
Weak precipitation δ2H response to large Holocene hydroclimate changes in eastern North America
Published: 2022-11-11
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In eastern North America, annual precipitation increased by >40% over the Holocene, largely in response to melting of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. The change substantially raised lake levels and transformed conifer-dominated ecosystems into mesic deciduous forests. δ2H values of terrestrially derived leaf-wax n-alkanes can facilitate diagnoses of the climate dynamics involved by reconstructing δ2H [...]
PREPRINT: A global platform solution for Big Data in low-temperature thermochronology
Published: 2022-11-12
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Low-temperature thermochronology is a powerful tool for constraining the thermal evolution of geological materials at temperatures (< ~300 °C) common in the upper crust in relation to geodynamics, continental crustal evolution, landscape evolution, and natural resource formation and preservation. However, complexities inherent to these analytical techniques can make interpreting the significance [...]
Reconsideration of the pre-1970 model for the timing of oil expulsion from source rocks
Published: 2022-11-12
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The current model for oil expulsion occurring at 120-150°C by anhydrous pyrolysis is not consistent with either analyses of the total organic carbon (TOC) content of subsurface source rocks or the chemical attributes of shallow oils. New data from North Sea Upper Jurassic source-rock samples show no decline in TOC between 120 and 150°C, which is a key prediction by the current model for oil [...]
A systematic review of the state of knowledge on environment and the Belt and Road Initiative
Published: 2022-11-21
Subjects: Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a China-led global initiative that was officially launched in 2013. The wealth of research available on the BRI has been subject to few comprehensive reviews to date, reviews including both English and Chinese language research are even rarer still. In addition, many of the projects associated with the BRI involve infrastructure development, power generation [...]
Evolution of intraplate magmatism atop a mantle plume: geochemical and chronological analysis of Shawahit Basalt, Harrat Rahat, Saudi Arabia
Published: 2022-11-15
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology
Harrat Rahat is the largest volcanic eld in Saudi Arabia and has been active from ~10 Ma to the present day. Due to its close proximity to important population centres, Harrat Rahat's recent eruptions, the Medinah lava flows (< 1.7 Ma), have been extensively studied to identify volcanic risk. However, the evolution of Harrat Rahat's most extensive and oldest lava flows, known collectively as the [...]