Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Mind the uncertainty: Global plate model choice impacts deep-time palaeobiological studies
Published: 2023-06-23
Subjects: Biodiversity, Climate, Earth Sciences, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Geology, Life Sciences, Paleobiology, Paleontology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
1. Global plate models (GPMs) aim to reconstruct the tectonic evolution of the Earth by modelling the motion of the plates and continents through time. These models enable palaeobiologists to study the past distribution of extinct organisms. However, different GPMs exist that vary in their partitioning of the Earth's surface and the modelling of continental motions. Consequently, the preferred [...]
Comparing Kelp Conveyance Strategies for Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal with Farmed Macroalgae
Published: 2023-06-23
Subjects: Life Sciences
Sequestration of carbon dioxide via sinking of farmed seaweed into the ocean is a promising strategy to the ever-growing need to achieve negative emissions of carbon dioxide. A key component to the durability of the strategy is the method to which seaweed biomass is conveyed to the seafloor. The purpose of this white paper is to introduce four different conveyance techniques, plans for how each [...]
Exploring the Complexity of Kerogen: A Comprehensive Review
Published: 2023-06-26
Subjects: Engineering
Kerogen, a naturally occurring organic material, is vital in petroleum geology and the formation of hydrocarbon reserves. This review provides an overview of its composition, classification, structural characteristics, thermal behavior, and applications. It explores advancements in analytical techniques and computational modeling, shedding light on kerogen's nature. Additionally, the review [...]
Whispers of the Woodlands: Unveiling the Interplay of Forest Conservation and Livelihood through Community Narratives
Published: 2023-06-26
Subjects: Social and Behavioral Sciences
Amidst nature's enchanting embrace, forests stand as revered guardians, safeguarding biodiversity and nurturing rural livelihoods. In this journey, a qualitative study takes flight, exploring the cherished perspectives of the community within Iligan City's rustic expanse in Iligan City, Philippines. Its purpose? To unveil the intricate dance between forest conservation efforts and local [...]
Notes on the Pens Collection of Australites in the Tate Museum, University of Adelaide
Published: 2023-06-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Other Planetary Sciences
The Tate Museum holds a large collection of (tektites) australites including the Pens Collection from the Florieton area in east-central South Australia. Many of these specimens are intact or near-so and have the various forms ascribed to their behaviour as they entered the Earth’s atmosphere. However, a significant number, some of which may have been initially fractured and broken by erosional [...]
Global protection from tropical cyclones by coastal ecosystems - past, present, and under climate change
Published: 2023-06-27
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Nature and Society Relations, Risk Analysis
Coastal ecosystems have the potential to contribute to disaster risk reduction and adaptation to climate change. While previous studies have estimated the value of current coastal ecosystems for reducing coastal risk, there have been relatively few studies that look at changes in ecosystem service provision, in the past and under climate change. We employ the probabilistic, event-based CLIMADA [...]
Spatiotemporal Variation in Cave Percolation Waters: A Functional Approach
Published: 2023-06-27
Subjects: Hydrology, Longitudinal Data Analysis and Time Series
Understanding the mechanisms controlling spatial heterogeneity of drip water percolation into caves is essential for interpreting karst aquifer recharge and speleothem isotopic and geochemical records for paleoclimate analyses. Here we present the first analysis of drip rate variability using a novel time-varying Functional Principal Component Analysis (FPCA), validated against drip water stable [...]
Near-surface characterization using Distributed Acoustic Sensing in an urban area: Granada, Spain
Published: 2023-06-28
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The Granada Basin in southeast Spain is an area of moderate seismicity. Yet, it hosts some of the highest seismic hazards in the Iberian Peninsula due to the presence of shallow soft sediments amplifying local ground motion. In urban areas, seismic measurements often suffer from sparse instrumentation. An enticing alternative to conventional seismometers is the Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) [...]
Geostationary satellite observations of extreme and transient methane emissions from oil and gas infrastructure
Published: 2023-06-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We demonstrate geostationary satellite monitoring of large transient methane point sources with the US Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES). GOES provides continuous 5- to 10-min coverage of the Americas at 1 to 2 km nadir pixel resolution in two shortwave infrared spectral bands from which large methane plumes can be retrieved. We track the full evolution of an extreme [...]
Statistical Evaluation of Seismic Velocity Models of Permafrost
Published: 2023-06-30
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Geotechnical Engineering
The warming climate in high-latitude permafrost regions is leading to permafrost degradation. Estimating seismic velocity in permafrost can help predict the geomechanical properties of permafrost and provide information for planning and designing resilient civil infrastructure in cold regions. Seismic velocities of permafrost are mainly influenced by three components in permafrost: soil grains, [...]
Subseasonal Variability of U.S. Coastal Sea Level from MJO and ENSO Teleconnection Interference
Published: 2023-06-27
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Climate variability affects sea levels as certain climate modes can accelerate or decelerate the rising sea level trend, but subseasonal variability of coastal sea levels is under-explored. This study is the first to investigate how remote tropical forcing from the MJO and ENSO impact subseasonal U.S. coastal sea level variability. Here, composite analyses using tide gauge data from six coastal [...]
Global 1km Land Surface Parameters for Kilometer-Scale Earth System Modeling
Published: 2023-06-28
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Biogeochemistry, Climate, Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Meteorology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Earth system models (ESMs) are progressively advancing towards the kilometer scale (k-scale). However, the surface parameters for Land Surface Models (LSMs) within ESMs running at the k-scale are typically derived from coarse resolution and outdated datasets. This study aims to develop a new set of global land surface parameters with a resolution of 1 km for multiple years from 2001 to 2020, [...]
Single-blind test of nine methane-sensing satellite systems from three continents
Published: 2023-06-28
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Other Civil and Environmental Engineering
Satellite-based remote sensing enables detection and mitigation of large point sources of climate-warming methane. These satellites will have the greatest impact if stakeholders have a clear-eyed assessment of their capabilities. We performed a single-blind test of nine methane-sensing satellites from three continents and five countries, including both commercial and government satellites. Over [...]
Engaging the Earth Science and Engineering Communities in Developing a River Morphology Information System (RIMORPHIS)
Published: 2023-06-29
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
ABSTRACT: River morphology data are critical for understanding and studying river processes and for managing rivers for multiple socio-economic uses. While such data have been acquired extensively over time, several issues hinder their use for river morphology studies such as data accessibility, variety of data formats, lack of data models for data storage, and lack of processing tools to [...]
Protocols for the quantification and characterization of dissolved organic carbon from seaweed and its sequestration potential
Published: 2023-06-30
Subjects: Life Sciences
Seaweed cultivation for atmospheric CO2 sequestration requires full accounting of net primary production (NPP). In addition to large amounts of observable biomass produced, a fraction of NPP is released as dissolved organic carbon (DOC), which can fuel heterotrophic metabolisms or resist remineralization and contribute to carbon export and sequestration. We currently lack the ability to predict [...]