Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Chemical potentials in non-hydrostatically stressed anisotropic phases
Published: 2024-04-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Chemical potentials are defined as the partial derivatives of the Helmholtz energy withrespect to moles of chemical components under conditions of zero domain strain andfixed temperature. Under hydrostatic conditions, chemical potentials are dependent onlyon state properties. Under nonhydrostatic conditions, they also depend on a “chemical ex-pansivity tensor” - a second-order tensor with unit [...]
A New Spectral Index for Mapping Water Surfaces in Urban Contexts
Published: 2024-04-19
Subjects: Remote Sensing
This paper proposes a modification of MNDWI called Rescaled Water Index, aiming to enhance the delineation and performance of water body mapping in urban areas using satellite imagery. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed index, we compare its performance in mapping water surfaces in different cities in South America with the results obtained by other well-known water indices in the [...]
Degree of sector zoning in clinopyroxene records dynamic magma recharge and ascent
Published: 2024-04-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Sill propagation and climbing in layered crystalline host-rocks: Examples from saucer-shaped sills of the Faroe Islands
Published: 2024-04-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Mafic sills/dolerites, commonly occurring in layered sedimentary and crystalline settings worldwide, may occur as sub-lateral sheets or as saucer-shaped bodies. Values and distributions of Young’s Modulus within their ambient host-rocks determine their mode of emplacement. Current models on development of saucer-shaped sills depict either melt propagation from single sources along [...]
Limited long-term cooling effects of flood basalt emplacements
Published: 2024-04-22
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Volcanology
The emplacement of large igneous provinces (LIPs) is known to have been a driver of climate change in Earth’s past, particularly during the breakup of Pangaea. However, the balance between climate warming through CO2 emission and climate cooling through increased weathering is poorly understood. To better understand the role of LIP emplacement on long-term climate change, we utilize a coupled [...]
Post-collisional reorganisation of the Eastern Alps in 4D: Crust and mantle structure
Published: 2024-04-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology
The Eastern Alps were affected by a profound post-collisional tectonic reorganisation in Neogene time, featuring indentation by the Adriatic upper plate, rapid uplift and filling of the eastern Molasse Basin, rapid exhumation and eastward orogen-parallel transport of Tertiary metamorphic units in the orogenic core, and a shift from northward thrust propagation in the European plate to southward [...]
Assessing Marine Snow Dynamics During the Demise of the North Atlantic Spring Bloom Using In Situ Particle Imagery
Published: 2024-04-23
Subjects: Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The ocean's biological pump, a critical component of the Earth's carbon cycle, transports organic matter from the surface ocean to depth and is dominated by sinking particles, often in the form of marine snow-sized (diameter ≥ 0.5 mm) aggregates. Controls on sinking particle carbon export are thought to be driven largely by ecological processes that create and transform sinking particles. We [...]
Simulated sea surface temperatures around New Zealand from 1982-2015 compared to three ground truth datasets
Published: 2024-04-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In this brief note, I show the extent of global warming, as exemplified by sea surface temperature - SST - around New Zealand from 1982-2015. We use 16 members of the UKESM historical simulations from the sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change. These model data are compared to ground truth data from three observational datasets. All data is plotted with respect [...]
Limited role of discharge in global river plastic transport
Published: 2024-04-23
Subjects: Hydrology, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
River plastic transport has been assumed to be driven by river discharge, although observational data does often not support this. We propose a new perspective that describes plastic transport as function of plastic availability and transport capacity. Plastic transport is under most circumstances driven by plastic availability, which is largely disconnected from river discharge. However, when [...]
Evaluation of the METRIC and TSEB remote sensing evapotranspiration models in the floodplain area of the Thaya and Morava Rivers
Published: 2024-04-24
Subjects: Hydrology, Other Earth Sciences, Other Forestry and Forest Sciences
Study region: Floodplain ecosystem region at the confluence of the Morava and Thaya Rivers, Czech Republic. Study focus: Accurate determination of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) is essential for understanding surface hydrological conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate two remote sensing models, METRIC and TSEB, for estimating ETa and energy fluxes in two ecosystems using the eddy [...]
Numerical simulation of the 2D trajectory of a non-buoyant fluid parcel under the influence of inertial oscillation
Published: 2024-04-24
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Fluid Dynamics, Numerical Analysis and Computation, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Oceanography
The trajectory of non-buoyant fluid parcels under the influence of inertial oscillations is a pivotal phenomenon in geophysical fluid dynamics, impacting processes such as tracer transport, pollutant dispersion, and the dynamics of marine organisms. This study presents a comprehensive numerical investigation of the two-dimensional trajectory of a non-buoyant fluid parcel subjected to inertial [...]
Ongoing Research Project "THE STATUS OF NOISE POLLUTION OF SUST CAMPUS, SYLHET, BANGLADESH: A GIS-BASED NOISE MAPPING
Published: 2024-04-24
Subjects: Public Health
This study investigates the status of noise pollution at the Shahjalal University of Science and Technology (SUST) campus in Sylhet, Bangladesh, employing a GIS-based approach to map and analyze noise levels across different areas of the campus. The research was motivated by the growing concern over environmental noise as a public health issue, particularly in educational settings, where it can [...]
Personal Values Inform Student Preference for Household Toilet Systems That Use Human ‘Waste’ as a Natural Resource
Published: 2024-04-24
Subjects: Environmental Studies
This study contributes to understanding pro-environmental behavior in toilet system adoption by examining the core values that inform decision-making processes. Undergraduates participated in an educational module on conventional and alternative wastewater systems, followed by composing essays envisioning their ideal toilet system for a future home. Qualitative analysis of responses established a [...]
Quantifying water availability in basins holding the majority of global lithium resources
Published: 2024-04-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
More than half the world’s lithium resources are found in brine aquifers in Chile, Argentina, and Bolivia. Lithium brine processing requires freshwater, so as lithium exploration increases, accurate estimates of freshwater availability are critical for water management decisions in this region with limited water resources. Here we calculate modern freshwater inflows, such as groundwater recharge [...]
High–precision determination of carbon stable isotope in silicate glasses by secondary ion mass spectrometry: Evaluation of international standards
Published: 2024-04-24
Subjects: Analytical Chemistry, Geochemistry
Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) has been used for isotope analysis of volatile components dissolved in silicate melts for decades. However, carbon in situ stable isotope analysis in natural silicate glasses has remained particularly challenging, with the few published attempts yielding high uncertainties. In this context, we characterized 31 reference silicate glasses of basaltic and [...]