Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Waterlogging, Health and Healthcare Access in Southwest Bangladesh
Published: 2025-04-20
Subjects: Public Health
Waterlogging, a form of stagnant flooding, is increasingly affecting southwest Bangladesh and is expected to intensify with the expansion of shrimp farming and climate change, contributing to environmental degradation. However, its impacts on health, health service utilisation and household health expenditures remain poorly understood. We conducted a quantitative study between August and [...]
What works in agrarian adaptation: a systematic assessment of CGIAR climate research evidence
Published: 2026-05-08
Subjects: Geography
Effective climate adaptation in agrarian settings is critical for the billions of people whose livelihoods depend on agriculture, yet evidence on what adaptation actions actually reduce climate risk remains fragmented and difficult to generalize. In this study we assess the effectiveness of agrarian adaptation using 403 empirical case studies published by CGIAR scientists and partners in [...]
Assessing Temporal Drought Severity in Kenya's Arid and Semi-Arid Landscape Using Google Earth Engine and the Normalised Difference Drought Index
Published: 2025-04-20
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Arid and Semi‐Arid Lands have witnessed a surge in extreme climatic events with devastating environmental and livelihood effects. Understanding the dynamics of these extreme events, including drought, is essential for anticipatory action among resource‐dependent communities. This study utilised Earth Observatory Systems and Google Earth Engine to analyse 24 years of Normalised Difference Drought [...]
Rise in Heat Related Mortality in the United States
Published: 2025-04-20
Subjects: Geography
Over the past century, extreme heat events (EHE) have become more frequent and intense, resulting in significant health impacts and economic challenges worldwide. In the United States, extreme heat is the leading weather-related cause of death, claiming more lives annually than hurricanes, floods, and tornadoes combined. However, the characteristics of EHEs can vary significantly between events [...]
Cumulative exposure to urban heat can affect the learning capacity of students and penalize the vulnerable and low-income young population
Published: 2025-04-20
Subjects: Other Engineering
Background: Elevated temperatures negatively impact human well-being, heighten mental health risks, and impair cognitive function, with young populations being especially vulnerable. Prolonged exposure to rising ambient temperatures further exacerbates these effects, potentially hindering student’s cognitive performance under extreme heat conditions. Objectives: This paper systematically reviews [...]
Topic: Mobility as Climate Change Adaptation in South Africa: Exploring the legal and policy significance of Artificial Intelligence.
Published: 2025-04-20
Subjects: Environmental Studies
The increasing reality of mobility linked to adverse impacts of climate change highlights an urgent need for nuanced and systematic research around climate mobility. While mobility is often used as a coping or adaptation strategy to escape climate impact, some mobility typifies and results in maladaptation. Protecting populations in vulnerable situations usually raises issues that test the limits [...]
Strengthening ITF and Weakening AMOC: Time Series Evidence of Trends and Causal Pathways to Agulhas Variability
Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Climate, Oceanography, Statistical Models
Multi-decadal observations of major ocean circulation systems reveal contrasting trends and complex inter-basin connectivity patterns that challenge traditional conceptualizations of global ocean circulation. Using non-parametric trend analysis, multi-method causality testing, and wavelet coherence techniques, we analyzed volume transport time series spanning 1984--2023 for the Indonesian [...]
Levels of Heavy Metals and Associated Human Health Risk Assessment at the Upper Genale-Dawa River Basin of Ethiopia
Published: 2025-04-20
Subjects: Public Health
This study investigates the concentration of heavy metals in the Upper Genale Dawa River Basin to assess water quality and potential health risks. The primary objective was to quantify the levels of heavy metals, and to evaluate the associated risks to human health, particularly concerning non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects. Water samples were purposely collected from 24 sites in the River [...]
Effects of Salinity on Menstrual and Reproductive Health: Insights from Coastal and Non-Coastal Areas of Bangladesh.
Published: 2025-04-20
Subjects: Public Health
AbstractBackground: Salinity intrusion in coastal regions of Bangladesh is a growing concern due to its potential impact on public health, particularly reproductive health among women. Exposure to saline water may contribute to a variety of health challenges, including menstrual irregularities and pregnancy complications.Objective: This study aimed to assess the reproductive health challenges [...]
Multidecadal loss of surface thermal structure in the largest marine upwelling ecosystems
Published: 2025-04-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Step horizontal gradients of sea surface temperature (SST) occur around upwelling cores, eddies, meanders, current boundaries, island-effect mixing areas, among many other oceanographic features. These thermally structured areas provide ideal turbulence for phytoplankton growth and biomass aggregation, triggering complex and abundant food webs, in turn exploited by populations of marine megafauna [...]
Socioecological drivers of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) choices: A qualitative analysis of maternal perspectives in northwest Ecuador
Published: 2025-04-20
Subjects: Public Health
Household-level water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions do not always achieve the expected health benefits. Research that considers WASH within a socioecological framework where climatic, infrastructural, economic, and individual factors are interconnected in influencing maternal choices can inform more effective WASH interventions. To understand WASH preferences and priorities under [...]
Array-based seismic measurements of OSIRIS-REx's re-entry
Published: 2024-08-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Planetary Sciences
The return home of the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft in September 2023 marked only the fifth time that an artificial object entered the Earth's atmosphere at interplanetary velocities. Although rare, such events serve as valuable analogues for natural meteoroid re-entries; enabling study of hypersonic dynamics, shockwave generation, and acoustic-to-seismic coupling. Here, we report on the signatures [...]
Impact hypothesis as the cause of the formation of the Mariana Trench and the uplift of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Published: 2025-04-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
My dissertation presents an original hypothesis suggesting that the Mariana Trench was formed by an oblique impact of a massive celestial body on Earth’s oceanic crust, and that the Mid-Atlantic Ridge represents its antipodal geodynamic effect. The hypothesis is supported by calculations of impact energy, simulations of shock wave propagation through Earth's interior, and models of mantle [...]
An integrated approach for characterizing and selecting climate change scenarios: Focusing on variability and extremeness
Published: 2025-04-24
Subjects: Engineering
This study presents a novel integrated approach for selecting optimal combinations of global climate models (GCMs) and shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) to assess the impact of climate change on the aquatic environment. The method proposed in this study considers the comprehensive spatial and temporal ranges of climate projections, specifically focusing on the variability and extremeness of [...]
A Static Enthalpy Equilibrium Approach to the Stability of Saturated Sands (Version 2)
Published: 2025-10-25
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering, Construction Engineering and Management, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Mineral Physics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology
This preprint presents a physical formulaton for the stability of saturated granular systems based on a static enthalpy equilibrium. The approach definnes equilibrium as the balance between the gravitationel potential of the granular framework and the hydraulic work of the pore water. From this energetic condition, the limit state and the transition between stable, metastable, and liquefied [...]