Preprints
There are 6976 Preprints listed.
Gap Filling of High-Resolution Soil Moisture for SMAP/Sentinel-1: A Two-Layer Machine Learning-Based Framework
Published: 2019-02-12
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Water Resource Management
As the most recent 3 km soil moisture product from the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission, the SMAP/Sentinel-1 L2_SM_SP product has a unique capability to provide global-scale 3 km soil moisture estimates through the fusion of radar and radiometer microwave observations. The spatial and temporal availability of this high-resolution soil moisture product depends on concurrent radar and [...]
Bayesian Dynamic Finite-Fault Inversion: 2. Application to the 2016 Mw6.2 Amatrice, Italy, Earthquake
Published: 2019-02-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In 2016 Central Italy was struck by a sequence of three normal faulting earthquakes with moment magnitude (Mw) larger than 6. The Mw 6.2 Amatrice event (08/24) was the first one, causing building collapse and about 300 casualties. The event was recorded by a uniquely dense network of seismic stations. Here we perform its dynamic source inversion to infer the fault friction parameters and stress [...]
Bayesian Dynamic Finite-Fault Inversion: 1. Method and Synthetic Test
Published: 2019-02-13
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Dynamic earthquake source inversions aim to determine the spatial distribution of initial stress and friction parameters leading to dynamic rupture models that reproduce observed ground motion data. Such inversions are challenging, particularly due to their high computational burden, thus so far only few attempts have been made. Using a highly efficient rupture simulation code, we introduce a [...]
PREPRINT- Adsorption behavior of new theophylline-triazole based derivatives as effective corrosion inhibitors for steel in acidic medium
Published: 2019-02-18
Subjects: Chemistry, Other Chemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The design and synthesis of a series of theophylline derivatives containing 1,2,3-triazole moieties is presented. The corrosion inhibition activities of these new triazole-theophylline compounds were evaluated by studying the corrosion of API 5L X52 steel in 1 M HCl media. The results showed that an increase in the concentration of the theophylline-triazole derivatives also increases the charge [...]
An investigation into the role of time-dependent cohesion in interseismic fault restrengthening
Published: 2019-02-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Earthquakes typically exhibit recurrence times that far exceed time-scales attainable in a laboratory setting. To traverse the temporal gap between the laboratory and nature, the slide-hold-slide test is commonly employed as a laboratory analogue for the seismic cycle, from which the time-dependence of fault strength may be assessed. In many studies it is implicitly assumed that all fault [...]
Protracted thermal evolution of the Neoproterozoic Araçuaí hot orogen (SE Brazil): consequences for rheology, strain distribution, and deformation analysis
Published: 2019-02-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
The Araçuaí-Ribeira belt formed during the amalgamation of West Gondwana in the late Neoproterozoic. Its evolution encompasses a main tectono-metamorphic peak at 600-580 Ma and a minor one, associated with the final collision with the Western Congo at 540-530 Ma. This belt holds characteristics of a hot-orogen: high thermal gradient (>30 °C/km), pervasive partial melting of the middle crust, [...]
Surface Wave Imaging using Distributed Acoustic Sensing Deployed on Dark Fiber: Moving Beyond High Frequency Noise
Published: 2019-02-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Several recent studies have demonstrated that Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) can utilize existing subsurface telecom fiber (i.e. dark fiber) for high quality seismic measurements. Researchers to date have shown that this sensing combination, coupled to ambient noise interferometry techniques, can effectively image the shallow subsurface (< 30 m) using vehicle and infrastructure noise (f = [...]
Geochemical characterisation of the Late Quaternary widespread Japanese tephrostratigraphic markers and correlations to the Lake Suigetsu sedimentary archive (SG06 core)
Published: 2019-02-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology
Large Magnitude (6-8) Late Quaternary Japanese volcanic eruptions are responsible for widespread ash (tephra) dispersals providing key isochrons suitable for the synchronisation and dating of palaeoclimate archives across East Asia, the NW Pacific and beyond. The transfer of geochronological information using these eruption deposits demands robust tephra correlations underpinned by detailed and [...]
Living at the Extremes: Extremophiles and the Limits of Life in a Planetary Context
Published: 2019-02-05
Subjects: Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Life Sciences, Life Sciences, Microbiology
Prokaryotic life has dominated most of the evolutionary history of our planet, evolving to occupy virtually all available environmental niches. Extremophiles, especially those thriving under multiple extremes, represent a key area of research for multiple disciplines, spanning from the study of adaptations to harsh conditions, to the biogeochemical cycling of elements. Extremophile research [...]
The Future of Broadband Passive Seismic Acquisition
Published: 2019-02-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
It is an exciting time to be a seismologist. In November 2018, the InSight lander touched down on Mars and the first seismometer was deployed on another planet. This incredible feat means planetary seismologists are currently searching for marsquakes and will hopefully soon be providing images of its interior and helping us to understand how rocky planets form. However, we have been doing this [...]
Effect of fault roughness on aftershock distribution: Plastic off-fault material properties
Published: 2019-02-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We perform spontaneous earthquake rupture simulations on rough strike- slip faults with off-fault plastic material properties. We examine the off-fault stress change and damage pattern resulting from dynamic fault slip in the near-fault region. We use the stress output from each simulation to calculate the Coulomb failure function (CFF). We calculate the CFF values at the extensional side of the [...]
Influence of grain boundary structural evolution on pressure solution creep rates
Published: 2019-02-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Intergranular pressure solution is a well-known rock deformation mechanism in wet regions of the upper crust, and has been widely studied, especially in the framework of compaction of granular materials, such as reservoir sandstones and fault rocks. Several analytical models exist that describe compaction creep by stress-induced mass transport, and the parameters involved are relatively well [...]
Dynamic Rupture Propagation on Fault Planes with Explicit Representation of Short Branches
Published: 2019-02-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Active fault zones are homes for a plethora of complex structural and geometric features that are expected to affect earthquake rupture nucleation, propagation, and arrest, as well as interseismic deformation. Simulation of these complexities have been largely done using continuum plasticity or scalar damage theories. In this paper, we use a highly efficient novel hybrid finite element-spectral [...]
Detection of delay in post-monsoon agricultural burning across Punjab, India: potential drivers and consequences for air quality
Published: 2019-02-07
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Since the Green Revolution in the mid-1960s, a widespread transition to a rice-wheat rotation in the Indian state of Punjab has led to steady increases in crop yield and production. After harvest of the summer monsoon rice crop, the burning of excess crop residue in Punjab from October to November allows for rapid preparation of fields for sowing of the winter wheat crop. Here we use daily [...]
Connecting fluvial levee deposition to flood-basin hydrology
Published: 2019-02-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In this study we seek to understand the controls on where levees form and what sets their size and shape.