Preprints
Search for science and technology (92 results)
Ground Motion Model Incorporating Azimuthal Dependence on Topographic Effects in Japan
Published: 2026-07-02
Subjects: Engineering
Conventional topographic terms in ground motion models (GMMs) typically characterize topographic effects using site-specific parameters such as relative elevation, curvature, or slope. This study demonstrates that topographic response is influenced by source-to-site geometry, specifically the incidence direction with respect to the slope aspect. Utilizing 15,189 records from 641 Kiban–Kyoshin [...]
Clay Characterization of Tiller Flotten Quick Clay
Published: 2026-07-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Mineral Physics, Other Earth Sciences, Soil Science
In this study, we investigate the mineralogical and physicochemical properties of the Tiller–Flotten quick clay formation in Trondheim, Norway. The objective is to enhance our understanding of particle interactions within this quick clay system, thereby contributing to the development of more environmentally friendly stabilization strategies. A comprehensive suite of analytical techniques was [...]
Socio-Demographic Predictors of Earthquake Preparedness Among University Students: Evidence from a Public University in Bangladesh
Published: 2026-06-21
Subjects: Geography
Bangladesh is exceptionally prone to recurring hydrological and meteorological disasters, which have traditionally dominated the national policy and disaster management discourse. Consequently, seismic risk remains heavily underemphasized, leaving major urban centers like Dhaka highly vulnerable to catastrophic human and structural losses from potential earthquakes. While structural mitigation [...]
Analyzing The Capabilities Of Frugal Digital Twins For Sustainable Smart City Infrastructure Development In Africa: An ESGS Perspective From Ghana.
Published: 2026-06-19
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering
Digital twins, virtual replicas that mirror physical infrastructure through real-time data, have emerged as a pivotal technology for smart city development globally. However, their deployment in developing countries remains constrained by high costs, limited digital infrastructure, and insufficient local expertise. This paper analyses the capabilities of frugal digital twins as enablers of [...]
Metabolic retraction and virulence expansion in a tropical urban river microbiome under dry-season stress
Published: 2026-06-11
Subjects: Microbiology
Anthropogenic pollution and seasonal flow reduction concentrate untreated organic waste in tropical rivers, yet the coupled response of microbial metabolism and virulence gene repertoires remains poorly understood. We applied shotgun metagenomics to the Shitalakshya River (Bangladesh) from early (December 2024) to peak (February 2025) dry season. Dissolved oxygen fell to near-hypoxic levels, [...]
Fluid Flow Induced by Seismic Waves in Fractures
Published: 2026-05-29
Subjects: Physics
A theoretical and numerical analysis is presented on the squeezed film of an incompressible fluid between two parallel fracture walls induced by seismic waves at normal incidence. In the frame of small oscillations, a closed form of the fluid pressure changes along with the fracture, and the fluid velocity field distribution is proposed. The developed analytical solutions are valid for any [...]
Simulation-Based Sensitivity Analysis of Check-Dam Height Effects on Downstream Debris-Flow Depth for Structural Countermeasure Scenarios
Published: 2026-05-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Engineering, Other Engineering, Risk Analysis
Check dams can influence debris-flow propagation, but their effects may depend on location, height, and local topographic conditions. This study evaluates the sensitivity of downstream debris-flow depth to check-dam height scenarios using numerical simulations of a mountainous catchment in Atami, Japan. Six hypothetical check-dam locations were placed along the torrent, and 4,877 valid cases were [...]
DHAFGan: A Dense Hybrid Attention Fusion Generative Adversarial Network for Infrared and Visible Image Fusion
Published: 2026-03-22
Subjects: Computer Engineering
Aiming at the problems existing in the current infrared and visible light image fusion algorithms, such as insufficient perception of typical features, poor visual representation of the fusion results, and insufficient utilization of important secondary information, this paper proposes an infrared and visible light image fusion algorithm based on shallow-deep feature extraction and dual-channel [...]
Assessing the Net Climate Impact of Norwegian Reservoirs: Integrating Land Use Change and G-res Modeling
Published: 2026-01-09
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences
This study evaluates the net climate impact of Norwegian reservoirs using land use change mapping, literature-based GHG flux aggregation, and G-res modeling. High-resolution historical aerial imagery and deep learning reconstructed pre-impoundment land cover, explicitly identifying wetlands previously absent from national datasets. The framework quantifies changes in CO₂ and CH₄ fluxes and [...]
Dynamic estuarine Chlorophyll-a estimation-based time series harmonized Landsat- Sentinel images
Published: 2025-12-12
Subjects: Environmental Studies
This research develops a vigorous approach to estimate Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration in the dynamic, optically complex waters (or Case 2 water including coastal waters, estuaries and inland water bodies) of Ganh Rai Bay, Vietnam by leveraging time series harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (TM-HLS) imagery. One of the fundamental challenges while conducting this method to compute Chl-a signal [...]
Associations between Climate Change and Infectious Diseases: A Systematic Review
Published: 2025-12-04
Subjects: Public Health
Climate change is increasingly recognized as a major driver of infectious disease dynamics, influencing disease distribution, seasonality, and outbreak intensity. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on how climate variability affects infectious diseases and evaluates predictive modeling approaches. Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for [...]
The Data Behind AI Coastal Forecasting: Inputs, Sources, and Preprocessing Approaches
Published: 2025-11-14
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Oceanography
Coastal zones, shaped by marine and terrestrial processes, are home to over 40% of the global population and contribute significantly to the global economy. However, their attractiveness also makes them vulnerable to extreme coastal water levels (ECWLs), which can lead to catastrophic flooding. ECWLs, driven by sea-level changes, waves, and tidal variations, have become more frequent and severe [...]
Rheological control on earthquake source kinematics and dynamics at the Hengill geothermal field
Published: 2025-11-06
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We analyze seismic source parameters of the induced earthquakes at the Hengill (Iceland) between 2018 and 202 to investigate rupture processes in a complex volcanic–geothermal setting. Our analysis reveals a source scaling relation that deviates from the commonly assumed M0 ∝ fc^-3. By combining stress tensor orientation, lithostatic and hydrostatic pressure, and frictional strength estimates, we [...]
Emerging AI Solutions for Hazardous PET Waste in Marine Environments: A Review of Underexplored Paradigms
Published: 2025-11-06
Subjects: Engineering
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) pollution, due to its persistence, chemical recalcitrance, and widespread usage, represents a growing hazard to marine ecosystems. Its accumulation contributes to long-term ecotoxicological risks, food chain contamination, and environmental degradation. Addressing this challenge necessitates the adoption of scalable, efficient, and intelligent strategies for [...]
Factors Affecting Aboveground Carbon Storage in Mixed Oak-Pine Forests: A Multiple Regression Analysis of Southeastern U.S. Forest Inventory Data
Published: 2025-11-02
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Climate, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Sciences, Forest Biology, Forest Management, Multivariate Analysis, Natural Resources and Conservation, Plant Sciences, Statistical Models
This study investigated the factors affecting aboveground carbon storage in mixed oak-pine forests of the southeastern United States, with a particular focus on the influence of stand age. Using data from 946 Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) plots collected from 2009 to 2019, a multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine the relative importance of various forest and topographic [...]