Complex earthquake behavior on simple faults

This is a Preprint and has not been peer reviewed. The published version of this Preprint is available: https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL083628. This is version 2 of this Preprint.

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Authors

Camilla Cattania

Abstract

While power-law distributions in seismic moment and interevent times are ubiquitous in regional catalogs, the statistics of individual faults remains controversial. Continuum fault models typically produce characteristic earthquakes or a narrow range of sizes, leading to the view that the regional statistics originates from interaction of multiple faults.
I present theoretical arguments and numerical simulations demonstrating that seismicity on homogeneous planar faults can span several orders of magnitude in rupture dimensions and interevent times, if the fault dimension W is sufficiently large compared to a characteristic length Lcrit, related to the nucleation dimension. Large faults are increasingly less characteristic, with the fraction of system-size ruptures proportional to (Lcrit/W)^1/2. Earthquake statistics for large W/Lcrit is remarkably close to nature, exhibiting Omori decay and power-law distributed rupture lengths. Simple crack models are consistent with a Gutenberg-Richter distribution with b=3/4, and provide a physical basis for these distributions on individual faults.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31223/osf.io/hgbjx

Subjects

Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Keywords

Earthquake cycle simulations, earthquake physics, earthquake scaling laws

Dates

Published: 2019-05-10 16:19

Last Updated: 2020-07-14 21:24

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License

CC BY Attribution 4.0 International