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Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Critical metal enrichment in crustal melts: the role of metamorphic mica

Barbara Kunz, Clare Warren, Frances Jenner, et al.

Published: 2022-04-29
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Rare metals like Li, Be, V, Co, Nb, In, Cs, Sn, Ta, and W are considered critical resources and can be significantly enriched in granites and pegmatites. However the mechanisms of their enrichment in granitic magmas remain poorly understood. Many metal-enriched granitic magmas form through mica dehydration reactions during high-grade metamorphism. The preferential incorporation of these metals [...]

Incorporating Full Elastodynamic Effects and Dipping Fault Geometries in Community Code Verification Exercises for Simulations of Earthquake Sequences and Aseismic Slip (SEAS)

Brittany Angela Erickson, Junle Jiang, Valere Lambert, et al.

Published: 2022-04-26
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Numerical modeling of earthquake dynamics and derived insight for seismic hazard relies on credible, reproducible model results. The SEAS (Sequences of Earthquakes and Aseismic Slip) initiative has set out to facilitate community code comparisons, and verify and advance the next generation of physics-based earthquake models that reproduce all phases of the seismic cycle. With the goal of [...]

Potential Health and Economic Impacts of Shifting Manufacturing from China to Indonesia or India

Qi Ran, Shao-Yi Lee, Duofan Zheng, et al.

Published: 2022-04-26
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The diversification or decoupling of production chains from China to alternative Asian countries such as India or Indonesia would impact the spatial distribution of anthropogenic emissions, with corresponding economic impacts due to mortality associated with particulate matter exposure. We evaluated these changes using the Community Earth System Model, the Integrated Exposure-Response (IER) model [...]

HYDROGEN-INDUCED CALCITE DISSOLUTION IN AMALTHEENTON FORMATION CLAYSTONES: IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERGROUND HYDROGEN STORAGE CAPROCK INTEGRITY

Joel Peter Bensing, David Misch, Lukas Skerbisch, et al.

Published: 2022-04-22
Subjects: Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

With the rising potential of underground hydrogen storage (UHS) in depleted oil and gas reservoirs or deep saline aquifers, questions remain regarding changes to geological units due to interaction with injected hydrogen. Of particular importance is the integrity of potential caprocks/seals with respect to UHS. The results of this study show significant dissolution of calcite fossil fragments in [...]

800,000 years of abrupt climate variability

Stephen Barker, Gregor Knorr, Larry Edwards, et al.

Published: 2022-04-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

We construct an 800 kyr synthetic record of Greenland climate variability based on the thermal bipolar seesaw model. Our Greenland analogue reproduces much of the variability seen in the Greenland ice cores over the last 100 kyr. We also find a strong similarity with the absolutely-dated speleothem record from China, allowing us to place ice core records within an absolute timeframe for the last [...]

Persistent influence of precession on northern ice sheet variability since the early Pleistocene

Stephen Barker, Aidan Starr, Jeroen van der Lubbe, et al.

Published: 2022-04-21
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Before ~1M years ago, variations in global ice volume were dominated by changes in obliquity but the role of precession remains unresolved. Using a record of North Atlantic ice rafting spanning the last 1.7Myr, we find that the onset of ice rafting within a given glacial cycle (reflecting ice sheet expansion) consistently occurred during times of decreasing obliquity, while mass ice wasting [...]

Mathematical determination of discrete sampling locations minimizing both the number of samples and the maximum interpolation error: application to measurements of surface ocean properties

Veronique GUGLIELMI, Franck TOURATIER, Catherine GOYET

Published: 2022-04-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Over the past three decades, started extensive measurements of ocean properties at fixed stations throughout the water column, as well as in the surface ocean via oceanographic ships and via ships of opportunity. The later ones were particularly used to determine the air-sea CO2 fluxes from automated measurements of sea-surface temperature, salinity, and CO2 fugacity. These underway measurements, [...]

Exploring the depositional, diagenetic and carbon-oxygen isotope record of an evolving Ordovician carbonate system, Tarim Basin, China

Yuefeng Shen, Fritz Neuweiler, Adrian Immenhauser

Published: 2022-04-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Bulk-rock based carbon-oxygen chemostratigraphy should be combined with a detailed understanding of depositional facies (mineralogy, porosity), its 2D-chronostratigraphic architecture, and diagenesis. The Ordovician of the western Tarim Basin recorded a peculiar litho-biostratigraphic succession. The Darriwilian Yijianfang Formation formed part of a carbonate ramp dominated by filter feeders. [...]

Influence of variation of some parameters on the HYPO-like location of seismic swarm. Synthetic study based on real data from the West-Bohemia region

Jaromir Jansky, Vladimír Plicka, Oldřich Novotný

Published: 2022-04-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The West-Bohemia/Vogtland region is well known for the occurrence of intraplate earthquake swarms. Those are monitored by the seismic network WEBNET. The relative locations, often used for estimation of the swarm time development, depend on the quality of the initial absolute location. In routine practice, hypocenters in the area are mostly located using the upper crustal 1-D velocity-depth model [...]

The spatial and temporal domains of natural climate solutions

Ori Chafe, Adrian Broz, Lucas C.R. Silva, et al.

Published: 2022-04-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Natural climate solutions (NCS) have been proposed to mitigate climate change by removing CO2 from the atmosphere and increasing organic carbon storage in ecosystems. Adoption is required at global scales, but implementation of NCS have been limited by the lack of a systematic framework to prioritize ecosystem restoration or conservation at local and regional scales. Current carbon sequestration [...]

Soil dryness and its lead relationship to wildfires in the Apalachicola National Forest, Florida, USA

Zachery Taylor Law, James B Elsner

Published: 2022-04-15
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Climate models show rainy seasons getting rainier and dry seasons getting drier due to global warming from increasing greenhouse gases but local changes in drying, the understanding of which is important for mitigation efforts, will not necessarily match the global response. Here long-term weather observations from the Weather Service Office in Tallahassee are used to examine soil moisture [...]

Understanding surface-wave modal content for high-resolution imaging of submarine sediments with Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Loïc Viens, Mathieu Perton, Zack J. Spica, et al.

Published: 2022-04-15
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Ocean Bottom Distributed Acoustic Sensing (OBDAS) is emerging as a new measurement method providing dense, high-fidelity, and broadband seismic observations from fibre-optic cables deployed offshore. In this study, we focus on 33 km of a telecommunication cable located offshore the Sanriku region, Japan, and apply seismic interferometry to obtain a high-resolution 2-D shear-wave velocity (VS) [...]

A global analysis of controls on submarine-canyon geomorphology

Laura Henrika Bührig, Luca Colombera, Marco Patacci, et al.

Published: 2022-04-15
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

ABSTRACT The role of possible controlling factors in influencing the geomorphology of submarine canyons has been investigated using a database of 282 globally distributed modern examples collated from the literature and open-source worldwide bathymetry. Canyon geomorphology has been characterized quantitatively in terms of maximum and average canyon dimensions, canyon sinuosity, average canyon [...]

Upstream propagation of sea-level signals in fluvio-deltaic environments: time-lags and the dynamics of the fluvial surface

Madeline Kollegger, Jorge Lorenzo-Trueba, Anjali M Fernandes, et al.

Published: 2022-04-14
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Stratigraphic interpretation generally relies upon the assumption that the fluvio-deltaic surface responds uniformly to sea-level changes; however, recent theoretical work suggests that changes in its relief and concavity can influence the propagation of sea-level information upstream and result in geologically long-lived lags in the system response. We test this theoretical result using [...]

Maars, tuff rings, and tuff cones at the Manyara rift escarpment, Tanzania.

Audray Delcamp, Hannes B Mattsson, Lucia Gurioli, et al.

Published: 2022-04-14
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

About 350 maar craters, tuff rings, and tuff cones are spread along the Manyara rift escarpment, and clustered around the Hanang and Kwahara volcanoes in North Tanzania. They lie in the East African Rift, an active extensional setting, where the magma composition is moderately to highly alkaline and carbonate-rich. We present newly-collected depositional characteristic observations, grain size [...]

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