Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Plant-microbe symbiosis widens the habitability range of the Daisyworld
Published: 2022-05-04
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Plant-microbe symbiosis is pervasive in the Earth's ecosystems and dates back to the early land colonisation by plants. Mutualistic partnership with rhizobia bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi promotes plant nutrition, growth and diversity, impacting important ecosystem functions. However, how the global behaviour and dynamical properties of an ecosystem are modified by plant-microbe symbiosis is [...]
The signature of lithospheric anisotropy at post-subduction continental margins: new insight from XKS splitting analysis in northern Borneo
Published: 2022-05-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
The relative paucity of recent post-subduction environments globally has meant that, so far, little is known about tectonic processes that occur during and after subduction termination, as previously convergent tectonic plates adjust to the new stress regime. The region of Southeast Asia that now encompasses northern Borneo has been host to two sequential episodes of subduction—both now [...]
Asynchronous dynamics of the last Scandinavian Ice Sheet along the Pomeranian Phase ice-marginal belt: a new scenario inferred from surface exposure 10Be dating
Published: 2022-04-29
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We present a new set of 25 10Be surface exposure ages of boulders located on the Pomeranian moraines and of erratic boulders located directly upstream of the Pomeranian moraines in northern Poland. Together with recalculated 10Be surface exposure ages along the Pomeranian Phase ice-marginal belt from Denmark to the west to Lithuania and Belarus to the east, the full data set (n = 86) enabled us [...]
Magnetic fabrics reveal three-dimensional flow processes within elongate magma fingers at the margin of the Shonkin Sag laccolith (MT, USA)
Published: 2022-04-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology
Unravelling magma flow in ancient sheet intrusions is critical to understanding how magma pathways develop and feed volcanic eruptions. Analyzing the shape preferred orientation of minerals in intrusive rocks can provide information on magma flow, because crystals may align parallel to the primary flow direction. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) is an established method to quantify [...]
Uncertainty quantification of multi-modal surface wave inversion using artificial neural networks
Published: 2022-04-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
An inversion of surface waves dispersion curves is a non-unique and ill-conditioned problem. The inversion result has a probabilistic nature, which becomes apparent when simultaneously restoring the shear wave (S-wave) velocity and layer thickness. Therefore, the problem of uncertainty quantification is relevant. Existing methods through deterministic or global optimization approaches of [...]
Critical metal enrichment in crustal melts: the role of metamorphic mica
Published: 2022-04-29
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Rare metals like Li, Be, V, Co, Nb, In, Cs, Sn, Ta, and W are considered critical resources and can be significantly enriched in granites and pegmatites. However the mechanisms of their enrichment in granitic magmas remain poorly understood. Many metal-enriched granitic magmas form through mica dehydration reactions during high-grade metamorphism. The preferential incorporation of these metals [...]
Incorporating Full Elastodynamic Effects and Dipping Fault Geometries in Community Code Verification Exercises for Simulations of Earthquake Sequences and Aseismic Slip (SEAS)
Published: 2022-04-26
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Numerical modeling of earthquake dynamics and derived insight for seismic hazard relies on credible, reproducible model results. The SEAS (Sequences of Earthquakes and Aseismic Slip) initiative has set out to facilitate community code comparisons, and verify and advance the next generation of physics-based earthquake models that reproduce all phases of the seismic cycle. With the goal of [...]
Potential Health and Economic Impacts of Shifting Manufacturing from China to Indonesia or India
Published: 2022-04-26
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The diversification or decoupling of production chains from China to alternative Asian countries such as India or Indonesia would impact the spatial distribution of anthropogenic emissions, with corresponding economic impacts due to mortality associated with particulate matter exposure. We evaluated these changes using the Community Earth System Model, the Integrated Exposure-Response (IER) model [...]
HYDROGEN-INDUCED CALCITE DISSOLUTION IN AMALTHEENTON FORMATION CLAYSTONES: IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERGROUND HYDROGEN STORAGE CAPROCK INTEGRITY
Published: 2022-04-22
Subjects: Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
With the rising potential of underground hydrogen storage (UHS) in depleted oil and gas reservoirs or deep saline aquifers, questions remain regarding changes to geological units due to interaction with injected hydrogen. Of particular importance is the integrity of potential caprocks/seals with respect to UHS. The results of this study show significant dissolution of calcite fossil fragments in [...]
800,000 years of abrupt climate variability
Published: 2022-04-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We construct an 800 kyr synthetic record of Greenland climate variability based on the thermal bipolar seesaw model. Our Greenland analogue reproduces much of the variability seen in the Greenland ice cores over the last 100 kyr. We also find a strong similarity with the absolutely-dated speleothem record from China, allowing us to place ice core records within an absolute timeframe for the last [...]
Persistent influence of precession on northern ice sheet variability since the early Pleistocene
Published: 2022-04-21
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Before ~1M years ago, variations in global ice volume were dominated by changes in obliquity but the role of precession remains unresolved. Using a record of North Atlantic ice rafting spanning the last 1.7Myr, we find that the onset of ice rafting within a given glacial cycle (reflecting ice sheet expansion) consistently occurred during times of decreasing obliquity, while mass ice wasting [...]
Mathematical determination of discrete sampling locations minimizing both the number of samples and the maximum interpolation error: application to measurements of surface ocean properties
Published: 2022-04-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Over the past three decades, started extensive measurements of ocean properties at fixed stations throughout the water column, as well as in the surface ocean via oceanographic ships and via ships of opportunity. The later ones were particularly used to determine the air-sea CO2 fluxes from automated measurements of sea-surface temperature, salinity, and CO2 fugacity. These underway measurements, [...]
Exploring the depositional, diagenetic and carbon-oxygen isotope record of an evolving Ordovician carbonate system, Tarim Basin, China
Published: 2022-04-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Bulk-rock based carbon-oxygen chemostratigraphy should be combined with a detailed understanding of depositional facies (mineralogy, porosity), its 2D-chronostratigraphic architecture, and diagenesis. The Ordovician of the western Tarim Basin recorded a peculiar litho-biostratigraphic succession. The Darriwilian Yijianfang Formation formed part of a carbonate ramp dominated by filter feeders. [...]
Influence of variation of some parameters on the HYPO-like location of seismic swarm. Synthetic study based on real data from the West-Bohemia region
Published: 2022-04-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The West-Bohemia/Vogtland region is well known for the occurrence of intraplate earthquake swarms. Those are monitored by the seismic network WEBNET. The relative locations, often used for estimation of the swarm time development, depend on the quality of the initial absolute location. In routine practice, hypocenters in the area are mostly located using the upper crustal 1-D velocity-depth model [...]
The spatial and temporal domains of natural climate solutions
Published: 2022-04-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Natural climate solutions (NCS) have been proposed to mitigate climate change by removing CO2 from the atmosphere and increasing organic carbon storage in ecosystems. Adoption is required at global scales, but implementation of NCS have been limited by the lack of a systematic framework to prioritize ecosystem restoration or conservation at local and regional scales. Current carbon sequestration [...]