Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Bayesian analysis of ground motion models using chimney fragility curves: 2021, 5.9-Mw Woods Point intraplate earthquake, Victoria, Australia
Published: 2022-11-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Probability, Statistics and Probability
The 22 September 2021 (AEST) Mw 5.9 Woods Point earthquake occurred in an intraplate setting (southeast Australia) approximately 130 km East Northeast of the central business district of Melbourne (pop. ∼5.15 million). A lack of seismic instrumentation and a low population density in the epicentral region resulted in a dearth of near-source instrumental and “felt” report intensity data, limiting [...]
PREPRINT: A global platform solution for Big Data in low-temperature thermochronology
Published: 2022-11-12
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Low-temperature thermochronology is a powerful tool for constraining the thermal evolution of geological materials at temperatures (< ~300 °C) common in the upper crust in relation to geodynamics, continental crustal evolution, landscape evolution, and natural resource formation and preservation. However, complexities inherent to these analytical techniques can make interpreting the significance [...]
Reconsideration of the pre-1970 model for the timing of oil expulsion from source rocks
Published: 2022-11-12
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The current model for oil expulsion occurring at 120-150°C by anhydrous pyrolysis is not consistent with either analyses of the total organic carbon (TOC) content of subsurface source rocks or the chemical attributes of shallow oils. New data from North Sea Upper Jurassic source-rock samples show no decline in TOC between 120 and 150°C, which is a key prediction by the current model for oil [...]
Weak precipitation δ2H response to large Holocene hydroclimate changes in eastern North America
Published: 2022-11-12
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In eastern North America, annual precipitation increased by >40% over the Holocene, largely in response to melting of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. The change substantially raised lake levels and transformed conifer-dominated ecosystems into mesic deciduous forests. δ2H values of terrestrially derived leaf-wax n-alkanes can facilitate diagnoses of the climate dynamics involved by reconstructing δ2H [...]
The relationship between sea surface temperature anomalies, wind and translation speed and North Atlantic tropical cyclone rainfall over ocean and land.
Published: 2022-11-10
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
There have been increasing losses from freshwater flooding associated with United States (US) landfalling hurricanes in recent years. This study analyses the relationship between sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA), wind and translation speed and North Atlantic tropical cyclone precipitation (TCP) for the period 1998-2017. For a 1degree C SST increase in the main development region (MDR), [...]
Revisiting earlier predictions of glacier retreat: The case of Langfjordjøkelen
Published: 2022-11-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
European glaciers constitute a part of the climate system that is bound to greatly change in the course of the 21st century. Recent length-change observations from Langfjordjøkelen in northern Norway confirm the earlier predictions of Charalampidis (2012), who identified the glacier’s disequilibrium with climate and hence extensive committed ice loss in the 21st century. Simulations suggest that, [...]
Seismic Architecture of the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere System in the Western United States from a Joint Inversion of Body- and Surface-wave Observations: Distribution of Partial Melt in the Upper Mantle
Published: 2022-11-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Quantitative evaluation of the physical state of the upper mantle, including mapping temperature variations and the possible distribution of partial melt, requires accurately characterizing absolute seismic velocities near seismic discontinuities. We present a joint inversion for absolute but discontinuous models of shear-wave velocity (Vs) using 4 types of data: Rayleigh wave phases velocities, [...]
Gaia: Complex Systems Prediction for Time to Adapt to Climate Shocks
Published: 2022-11-08
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A proposal, called “Gaia”, that life regulates Earth’s climate to its advantage, is partially supported by Earth’s climate history, wherein temperature fluctuations over the past ca. half billion years have mostly been small enough to protect life from extremes of climatic fluctuations, while global temperatures overall cooled during the 3.8 Ga when life was present, in spite of increased solar [...]
Geodynamically corrected Pliocene shoreline elevations in Australia consistent with mid-range projections of Antarctic ice loss
Published: 2022-11-08
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Mid-Pliocene represents the most recent interval in Earth history with climatic conditions similar to those expected in the coming decades. Mid-Pliocene sea-level estimates therefore provide important constraints on projections of future ice-sheet behaviour and sea-level change, but differ by tens of metres due to local distortion of paleoshorelines caused by mantle dynamics. Here, we combine [...]
CO2 transport and storage feasibility and cost study for ASEAN
Published: 2022-11-08
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology is expected to a play a significant role in reducing CO2 emissions globally. The first steps for successful deployment include identifying CO2 storage potential, determining CO2 injection rates, evaluating of CO2 transport options, estimating associated costs, and facilitating policy and regulatory frameworks. To evaluate the CCS feasibility in [...]
Tectonics is a hologram
Published: 2022-11-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
A hologram is an image in which each area contains almost all the information about the entire system. It is a metaphor commonly used for complex systems in which the whole is bigger than the sum of the parts because of self-organization. And also the whole is smaller than the sum of the parts, since the collective organization limits the behavior of dynamic features. The tectonic evolution of [...]
Dynamic Mode Decomposition for Analyzing Dynamics in Multi-phase Flow in Porous Media
Published: 2022-11-05
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
For multi-phase flow through multi-scale heterogeneous porous media, such as the pore space of rocks, the interaction between multiple immiscible fluids and an intricate network of pores, creates a wide range of dynamic flow phenomena. At larger scales i.e. scales relevant for practical applications such as carbon sequestration, this interplay of dynamic phenomena is often referred to as [...]
Quantifying dyke-induced graben and dyke structure using 3D seismic reflection data
Published: 2022-11-04
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
During dyke intrusion, tensile stresses concentrated within the overlying rock may lead to the formation of normal faults. These faults typically form graben-bounding pairs that are sub-parallel to, and dip toward, the upper tip of their underlying dyke. Many studies use geometric properties extracted from the surface expression of such dyke-induced faults to estimate the geometry of subsurface [...]
Geochemistry and Mineralization Study of the Stream Sediments around Agunjin area Northeastern, Nigeria
Published: 2022-11-04
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Agunjin lies in the Northeastern part of Kwara State, Nigeria. The study area is largely underlain by the basement complex rocks of Northeastern Nigeria. Some parts of the area had been investigated in terms of mineral deposits but stream sediment mineral potentials of the area are unknown. Eight (8) stream sediment samples were selected for the study. The stream sediments were analyzed for [...]
Paintings by Turner and Monet Depict Trends in 19th Century Air Pollution
Published: 2022-11-04
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Individual paintings by artists including Vincent van Gogh and Edvard Munch have been shown to depict specific atmospheric phenomena, raising the question whether longer-term environmental change influences stylistic trends in painting. Anthropogenic aerosol emissions increased to unprecedented levels during the 19th century as a consequence of the Industrial Revolution, particularly in Western [...]