Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Soil Science

Eocene (50-55 Ma) greenhouse climate recorded in nonmarine rocks of San Diego, CA, USA

Adrian Broz, Devin Pritchard-Peterson, Sarah Schneider, et al.

Published: 2023-08-08
Subjects: Chemistry, Climate, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Soil Science, Stratigraphy

Nonmarine rocks in sea cliffs of southern California store a detailed record of weathering under tropical conditions millions of years ago, where today the climate is much drier and cooler. This work examines early Eocene (~50-55 million-year-old) deeply weathered paleosols (ancient, buried soils) exposed in marine terraces of northern San Diego County, California, and uses their geochemistry and [...]

Estimating the silica content and loss-on-ignition in the North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes datasets: a recursive inversion approach

Patrice de Caritat, Eric Grunsky, David B Smith

Published: 2023-07-28
Subjects: Geochemistry, Natural Resources and Conservation, Soil Science

A novel method of estimating the silica (SiO2) and loss-on-ignition (LOI) concentrations for the North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes (NASGL) project datasets is proposed. Combining the precision of the geochemical determinations with the completeness of the mineralogical NASGL data, we suggest a ‘reverse normative’ or inversion approach to calculate first the minimum SiO2, water (H2O) and [...]

Soil geochemistry of hydrogen and other gases along the San Andreas Fault

Yashee Mathur, Victor Awosiji, Tapan Mukerji, et al.

Published: 2023-07-23
Subjects: Environmental Chemistry, Geochemistry, Geology, Multivariate Analysis, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Soil Science

Natural hydrogen has generated great interest as a potential clean and renewable energy source. To understand the occurrence of natural hydrogen, 103 1-m deep soil gas samples were acquired near the San Andreas Fault at Jasper Ridge and Portola Valley, California, USA. The gas samples were analyzed for hydrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, light hydrocarbons, and fixed gas concentrations. Statistical [...]

An Artificial Neural Network to Estimate the Foliar and Ground Cover Input Variables of the Rangeland Hydrology and Erosion Model

Mahmoud Saeedimoghaddam, Grey Nearing, David C. Goodrich, et al.

Published: 2023-07-12
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Environmental Monitoring, Hydrology, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Soil Science

Models like the Rangeland Hydrology and Erosion Model (RHEM) are useful for estimating soil erosion, however, they rely on input parameters that are sometimes difficult or expensive to measure. Specifically, RHEM requires information about foliar and ground cover fractions that generally must be measured in situ, which makes it difficult to use models like RHEM to produce erosion or soil risk [...]

Functional organic matter components in mangrove soils revealed by density fractionation

Kota Hamada, Toshiyuki Ohtsuka, Nobuhide Fujitake, et al.

Published: 2023-07-04
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Geochemistry, Soil Science

The mechanisms underlying stabilization of soil organic matter (SOM) in coastal ecosystems, including mangrove forests, are poorly understood, limiting our ability to predict the consequences of disturbances. Here, we introduce density fractionation to mangrove soils to identify the distribution and properties of the functional components of SOM with regard to degradation state, stability, and [...]

A Climate Counternarrative: Dubious Carbon Accounting is Making a Canopy Problem Look Like an Energy Problem (for Consent and Profit)

Denis de Bernardy

Published: 2023-05-13
Subjects: Agriculture, Climate, Forest Sciences, Soil Science

The modern rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide is man-made but driven by land stewardship changes rather than industrial activities like fossil fuels. Carbon cycle research fails to adequately convey surface-level interactions like plants soaking up carbon dioxide emitted near them. Clear-cutting a forest, for instance, produces a large plume of biogenic carbon dioxide that wind can carry away, [...]

Revisiting the Climate Narrative

Denis de Bernardy

Published: 2023-04-06
Subjects: Agriculture, Climate, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Studies, Food Science, Forest Management, Hydrology, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Other Environmental Sciences, Soil Science, Sustainability, Water Resource Management

The rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide is chiefly tied to land stewardship. Farmers and loggers have removed the plants that, until the industrial era, kept the soil fungi alive, kept soil emissions nearby by breaking the wind, and soaked those up. The result is plumes of carbon dioxide. Putting plants back in would curb these emissions. Farmers and loggers could address biodiversity loss [...]

From ground motion simulations to landslide occurrence prediction

Ashok Dahal, David Alejandro Casto Cruz, Hakan Tanyas, et al.

Published: 2023-01-17
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Soil Science, Statistical Models, Statistics and Probability

Ground motion simulations solve wave equations in space and time, thus producing detailed estimates of the shaking time series. This is essentially uncharted territory for geomorphologists, for we have yet to understand which ground motion (synthetic or not) parameter, or combination of parameters, is more suitable to explain the coseismic landslide distribution. To address this gap, we developed [...]

FIELD LEVEL VARIATION INFLUENCED OUTCOMES MORE THAN N-FERTILISER, FYM, COVER CROPS OR THEIR LEGACY EFFECTS FOLLOWING CONVERSION TO A NO-TILL ARABLE SYSTEM

Ana I.M. Natalio, Matthew A. Back, Andrew Richards, et al.

Published: 2022-10-08
Subjects: Agriculture, Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Environmental Chemistry, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Soil Science

Crop establishment in no-till arable systems benefits from favourable soil conditions. Combined with the incorporation of crop residues and manures, no-till can influence soil organic carbon (SOC) and organic matter (SOM) dynamics, crop productivity and nutrient cycling. These processes are shaped by spatial and temporal factors and associated microbial processes. There is a lack of diachronic [...]

Geochemical mapping by unmixing alluvial sediments: An example from northern Australia

Alex George Lipp, Patrice de Caritat, Gareth G Roberts

Published: 2022-10-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geochemistry, Geomorphology, Natural Resource Economics, Sedimentology, Soil Science, Water Resource Management

Alluvial sediments have long been used in geochemical surveys as their compositions are assumed to be representative of areas upstream. Overbank and floodplain sediments, in particular, are increasingly used for regional to continental-scale geochemical mapping. However, during downstream transport, sediments from heterogeneous source regions are carried away from their source regions and mixed. [...]

Plant Breeding Biomolecular Classification in Quantum Bayesianism (QBism) Physics-Informed Neural Network Architecture

Karriem A.J. Perry, Barbara S Keary

Published: 2022-08-31
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Climate, Other Statistics and Probability, Plant Sciences, Probability, Quantum Physics, Research Methods in Life Sciences, Soil Science, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics, Sustainability, Systems Biology

In this brief communication, biomolecular plant breeding multi-classification inference is discussed when leveraging the advantages of Physics-informed Neural Network (PiNN) architecture. Albeit, the expected utility of Partial Differential Equation (PDE) inspired neural networks resides in its performance under limited data availability; a variety of neural network configurations result from PDE [...]

Field’s Spatial Variation Influenced Outcomes more so than N-fertiliser, FYM, Cover Crops or Their Legacy Effects Following Conversion to a No-till Arable System

Ana I.M. Natalio, Andrew Richards

Published: 2022-08-04
Subjects: Agricultural Science, Agriculture, Agronomy and Crop Sciences Life Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Soil Science, Sustainability

No-till in agricultural arable systems is a practice that offers benefits to soil health. Combined with methods such as the incorporation of crop residues and manures, no-till can influence the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and organic matter (SOM), crop productivity and nutrient status. These turnovers are shaped by spatial and temporal factors and associated microbial mineralisation [...]

Unraveling the role of polysaccharide-goethite associations on glyphosate’ adsorption-desorption dynamics and binding mechanisms

Behrooz Azimzadeh, Carmen Enid Martínez

Published: 2022-07-23
Subjects: Agriculture, Analytical Chemistry, Biogeochemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental Sciences, Organic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Soil Science

Hypothesis Glyphosate retention at environmental interfaces is strongly governed by adsorption and desorption processes. In particular, glyphosate can react with organo-mineral associations (OMAs) in soils, sediments, and aquatic environments. We hypothesize mineral-adsorbed biomacromolecules modulate the extent and rate of glyphosate adsorption and desorption where electrostatic and noncovalent [...]

Hybrid Machine Learning for Integrating Pedological Knowledge into Digital Soil Mapping to Advance Next-Generation Earth System Models

Rodrigo Miranda, Rodolfo L. B. Nobrega, Estevão Silva, et al.

Published: 2022-07-22
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Soil Science, Statistical Models

Land surface and Earth System models require reliable soil maps to represent the influence of spatial variability of soil properties on ecosystem fluxes and storages. However, mapping soils using conventional in situ survey protocols is time-consuming and costly. We addressed the outdated spatial information on soil physico-chemical properties for a tropical region with a ~700-km longitudinal [...]

Barren ground depressions, natural H2 and orogenic gold deposits: spatial link and geochemical model

Benjamin Malvoisin, Fabrice Brunet

Published: 2022-07-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Geochemistry, Geology, Geomorphology, Soil Science

A review of the localities in continental rocks where H2-rich gases have been reported, showed that they are mainly located near gold deposits. Two types of geomorphological features known as markers of gas venting in sedimentary basins were also systematically observed near orogenic gold deposits on satellite images. They consist in both barren ground depressions and high densities of small (< [...]

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