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Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Engineering

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) associated with asbestos chrysotile, tremolite and actinolite in the Calabria region (Italy)

Andrea Bloise, Claudia Richiutti, Rosalda Punturo, et al.

Published: 2024-01-25
Subjects: Engineering, Medicine and Health Sciences

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) host in asbestos elongate mineral particles is one of the factors which have been invoked to explain their toxicity/pathogenicity effects. This study quantifies and compares these elements in terms of major, minor and trace element concentrations (Si, Mg, Ca, Al, Fe, Mn, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Be, V, As, Rb, Sb, Ba, Pb, Sr) in various types of asbestos using micro [...]

Unsupervised Structural Damage Assessment from Space using the Segment Anything Model (USDA-SAM): A Case Study of the 2023 Türkiye Earthquake

Sudharshan Balaji, Oktay Karakus

Published: 2024-01-23
Subjects: Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Sciences

This paper explores advanced deep learning methods, specifically utilising the Segment Anything Model (SAM) along with image processing techniques, to evaluate the structural damages caused by the devastating earthquake that occurred in Turkey on February 6, 2023. Leveraging exceptionally high-resolution pre- and post-disaster imagery provided by Maxar Technologies, this paper showcases the [...]

UNESCO Global Geoparks as useful sceneries to disseminate science and raise awareness of geological risks: the case of Las Loras Geopark (Spain)

Irene deFelipe, Armanda Cruz, Dolores Pereira

Published: 2024-01-22
Subjects: Education, Engineering

Natural and anthropic hazards derived from climate change are endangering heritage and society. Geoheritage is vulnerable. Nowadays we are witnessing the destruction of monuments with high emotional significance due to wars, but climate change is also contributing to the loss of the same cultural heritage. Prevention is often the best way to protect geoheritage from disappearing and society is [...]

The numerical evaluation of the effect of Geotextile sample size on the behavior of reinforced cohesive soil

Kuwar khairnar, Sintash Shivde

Published: 2024-01-20
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering, Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering

The effect of sample size is a phenomenon that involves the dependence of resistance on the size of the tested sample, where smaller samples exhibit higher resistance compared to larger ones. Due to the importance and sensitivity of determining the resistances of laboratory samples for use in design, codes, and standards, efforts are made to minimize the effects of sample size. This issue holds [...]

Experimental Modelling of Water-Wave Interactions with a Flexible Beam

Wajiha Rehman, Tim Bunnik, Onno Bokhove, et al.

Published: 2024-01-19
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

A series of fluid-structure-interaction (FSI) experiments is presented for studying water-wave interactions with a flexible beam in a wide range of sea conditions, thereby yielding a repository of FSI test-case data. The aim is to use these experimental data in order to validate FSI solvers commonly employed by the maritime industry in the design of fixed-foundation, offshore wind turbines. The [...]

Comparing Continuous Methane Monitoring Technologies for High-Volume Emissions: A Single-Blind Controlled Release Study

Zhenlin Chen, Sahar Head El Abbadi, Evan David Sherwin, et al.

Published: 2024-01-18
Subjects: Engineering

Methane emissions from oil and gas operations are a primary concern for climate change mitigation. While traditional methane detection relies on periodic surveys that yield episodic data, continuous monitoring solutions promise to offer consistent insights and a richer understanding of emission inventories. Despite this promise, the detection and quantification ability of continuous monitoring [...]

Stones that tell stories

Dolores Pereira

Published: 2024-01-18
Subjects: Education, Engineering

When a historical building, monument, or cultural heritage artifact is affected by a natural or anthropic event, the first reaction is to recover and restore them to maintain our heritage for the next generations. If they are made of stone, some are completely destroyed, but it is often still possible to recognize the facts that made them a cultural item. In many cases, the marks of violent [...]

Mineral precipitation and geometry alteration in porous structures: How to upscale variations in permeability-porosity relationship?

Mohammad Masoudi, Mohammad Nooraiepour, Hang Deng, et al.

Published: 2024-01-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Porous materials in natural and engineered environments are subject to morphological changes resulting from interacting chemical and physical processes. The complexity of coupled flow, transport, and chemical processes that occur on different temporal and spatial scales makes it difficult to predict the resulting porosity and permeability alterations. Delineating the controls of mineral [...]

A Review of Geological and Climatic Variables in Groundwater Availability Prediction in Africa: Machine Learning Approaches

Haoulata Touré, Cyril Dziedzorm Boateng, Solomon S.R. Gidigasu, et al.

Published: 2024-01-08
Subjects: Engineering

Groundwater is crucial for Africa's potable water supply, agriculture, and economic development. However, the continent faces challenges with groundwater scarcity due to factors like population growth, climate change, and over exploitation. Over the past ten years, machine learning has been increasingly and successfully used in groundwater level prediction across the world. This review paper [...]

On sea ice emission modeling for MOSAiC's L-band radiometric measurements

Ferran Hernández-Macià, Carolina Gabarro, Marcus Huntemann, et al.

Published: 2023-12-21
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The retrieval of sea ice thickness using L-band passive remote sensing requires robust models for emission from sea ice. In this work, measurements obtained from surface-based radiometers during the MOSAiC expedition are assessed with the Burke, Wilheit and SMRT radiative transfer models. These models encompass distinct methodologies: radiative transfer with/without wave coherence effects, and [...]

Investigation of Liquefaction Potential in Sands Mixed with Gravel

wenbo luo, Zhuoqiang wen

Published: 2023-12-21
Subjects: Engineering

Liquefaction is one of the significant hazards associated with earthquakes. It was previously believed to occur mostly in clean sands; however, recent research has shown that liquefaction can occur in specific conditions in sands mixed with fine or coarse particles. Numerous studies have been conducted on clean sand, while limited research has focused on sands mixed with silt. Nevertheless, the [...]

Sustainable Living Unveiled: A Comprehensive Review of Key Studies on Zero Energy Homes

Alexis Sue White, Shaylee Grace Zimmerman, Timothy Alan Gurney, et al.

Published: 2023-12-21
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences

The journey to achieve Net Zero Energy in residential areas has progressed slowly. However, in recent times, the research behind accessing Net Zero has become more consistent. This paper discusses the steps to be taken in terms of technology, energy consumption, and energy efficiency to reach the goal of Net Zero. The timeline has been changed throughout discovering new and improved ways to [...]

Zero Energy Homes: Definitions, Design Considerations, Challenges, and Real-world Applications

George Elliott Joyce III, Nathaly Loaiza Valenzuela, Graciela Camacho Ramirez, et al.

Published: 2023-12-20
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences

In the pursuit of sustainable living, Zero Energy Homes (ZEHs) have emerged as a promising solution to mitigate the carbon footprint of residential housing. This review paper explores the multifaceted realm of ZEHs by examining diverse definitions, design considerations, challenges, and real-world applications. The lack of standardized definitions is addressed, encompassing variations from [...]

On the economic feasibility of tidal range power plants

Konstantinos Pappas, Nguyen Quang Chien, Ilias Zilakos, et al.

Published: 2023-12-17
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computational Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering

The wave potential energy associated with tides presents a promising sustainable energy resource. Uncertainties on the economic case of tidal range power plants are a known bottleneck hindering the development of the industry. Significant costs depend on each design's general arrangement, which includes both mechanical components and the associated civil works. Research on tidal range structures [...]

Transdisciplinary doctoral training to address global sustainability challenges

Zoie Taylor Diana, John Virdin, Michelle Nowlin, et al.

Published: 2023-12-14
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Life Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences

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