Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Engineering
Evolution of desalination research and water production in the Middle East: a five-decade perspective
Published: 2024-12-19
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences
Rapid urbanization and population growth, coupled with depleting groundwater reservoirs, have significantly increased reliance on desalination technologies in the arid Middle East, which accounts for nearly half (46%) of global desalination capacity. This large production volume has raised critical questions on the status of desalination research in this water-stressed region, and on whether it [...]
SC-PREC4SA: A serially complete daily precipitation dataset for South America
Published: 2024-12-18
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study introduces the serially complete precipitation dataset for South America (SC-PREC4SA), a daily precipitation dataset (1960-2015) designed to address observational gaps and ensure temporal consistency across diverse climates. The raw dataset underwent quality control, gap-filling, and homogenization procedures. Applied robust quality control highlighted common but also overlooked [...]
Development of a dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar system
Published: 2024-12-16
Subjects: Engineering
Subsurface rock masses and rock engineering are typically subjected to multiaxial static stresses, often superimposed by multidirectional dynamic disturbances induced by seismic events, blast loading and mechanical vibrations, etc. A comprehensive understanding of the dynamic mechanical behavior and failure mechanisms of rocks under such coupled multiaxial or three-dimensional static and dynamic [...]
Evaluation and prediction of the Effects of Planetary Orbital Variations to Earth’s Temperature Changes
Published: 2024-12-11
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Existing climate studies mainly assessed the effect of greenhouse gases and aerosols, among other forcings on Earth’s temperature. None of them has not evaluated the effect of the planetary orbital changes on Earth’s temperature. Here, we deconvolved the effects of greenhouse gases and planetary orbital changes on Earth’s temperature and to forecast the latter at different time scales. Our [...]
Theory and Conditions for AI-Based Inversion Paradigm of Geophysical Parameters Using Energy Balance
Published: 2024-12-08
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
To construct a universal artificial intelligence (AI) model for geophysical parameter inversion, this study proposes a new remote sensing parameter inversion paradigm theory by changing cognition to unify physical, statistical, and AI methods. In the AI era, deep learning serves as a macro-micro cognitive bridge, transforming remote sensing from classical physics to a quantum remote sensing [...]
Strengthening tropical cyclones are associated with more frequent hazardous material pipeline failures in the Eastern US
Published: 2024-12-04
Subjects: Engineering
Over 30,000 hazardous material pipeline (HMP) failures have caused nearly $11 billion in damages since 1970. Tropical cyclones, which cause more infrastructure damage than all other forms of natural disasters combined, are under-reported causes of HMP failures, largely due to historic policy around pipeline failure reporting. This study defines tropical cyclone-associated HMP failure frequency [...]
AI-Assisted Educational Framework for Floodplain Manager Certification: Enhancing Vocational Education and Training Through Personalized Learning
Published: 2024-11-26
Subjects: Education, Engineering
Floodplain management is critical for mitigating flood risks and safeguarding communities. The FloodPlain Manager (FPM) certification is essential for professionals in this field, but current preparation methods often fall short in providing comprehensive, accessible, and engaging study resources. This research introduces a novel AI-assisted educational tool designed specifically for FPM [...]
Self Super-Resolution of Time-Separated Multispectral Bands
Published: 2024-11-25
Subjects: Engineering, Signal Processing
The usual system design compromise in high resolution satellites is to have a higher spatial resolution panchromatic (PAN) channel with 3 or 4 lower spatial resolution multispectral (MX) channels and generate a high spatial & spectral resolution prod- uct on ground by making use of the fusion techniques. Since the telescopes of such systems are designed to cater to modulation transfer [...]
Towards centimeter precision SAR-RFID localization
Published: 2024-11-20
Subjects: Engineering, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) shows great potential for earth-sciences applications, notably for landslide surface monitoring at a high spatio-temporal resolution with long-term robustness to meteorological events (rain, fog, snow). The ability to localize RFID tags using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) in a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) approach, would offer new possibilites for [...]
Granular column collapse: Analysing the effects of gravity levels
Published: 2024-11-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Engineering
Creep Deformation and Long-Term Strength of Ice-Rich Permafrost in Northern Alaska
Published: 2024-11-19
Subjects: Engineering
The degradation of permafrost alters deformation and long-term strength, posing challenges to existing and future civil infrastructure in northern Alaska. Long-term strength is a critical parameter in the design of civil projects; yet data on the creep deformation and long-term strength of undisturbed permafrost in northern Alaska remain limited. Soil particle fraction, unfrozen water content, [...]
SiM: Satellite Image Mixed Pixel Deforestation Analysis in Optical Satellite for Land Use Land Cover Application
Published: 2024-11-15
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Life Sciences
Brazil’s deforestation monitoring integrates accuracy and current monitoring for land use and land cover applications. Regular monitoring of deforestation and non-deforestation requires Sentinel-2 multispectral satellite images of several bands at various frequencies, the mix of high- and low-resolution images that make object classification difficult because of the mixed pixel problem. Accuracy [...]
Current and Future Impacts of Lithium Carbonate from Brines: A Global Regionalized Life Cycle Assessment Model
Published: 2024-11-13
Subjects: Engineering
Lithium (Li) is essential for decarbonization strategies, such as electric vehicles and renewable energy storage, experiencing the largest growth rates among metals required for low-carbon technologies. To meet this demand, the raw materials sector must increase current capacities and develop new ones at untapped deposits. Understanding life cycle impacts is crucial to avoid severe environmental [...]
Flooding, nonlinear dynamics and Jensen’s inequality: Analyzing the damping and amplification of inundation extent with river discharge nonstationarity
Published: 2024-11-13
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Hydrology, Risk Analysis
Examining quality of DGNSS derived positioning in data in urban city- A case study of an urban city in India
Published: 2024-11-12
Subjects: Engineering
GNSS observations are carried out in static mode/ Differential global navigation satellite system (DGNSS) and dynamic mode / Real time Kinematics (RTK) mainly. RTK mode of observation is useful in case of navigation whereas in order to determine very precise positioning, static / DGNSS/ DGPS mode is recommended. In this study, we have examined the quality of DGNSS survey of an urban city in India [...]