Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Engineering
Closing the Duration Gap in RVT: The Energetic Duration
Published: 2026-04-30
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering
Duration is a fundamental descriptor of earthquake ground motion, yet it remains ill-defined across engineering seismology, with numerous threshold-based measures adopted for specific applications. This ambiguity has allowed duration to function as a calibration parameter in analyses such as random vibration theory (RVT), where it is often adjusted to match observed response spectra. This paper [...]
Non-Federal Climate Leadership Can Sustain U.S. Emissions Reductions Under Federal Policy Uncertainty
Published: 2026-04-28
Subjects: Engineering, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Recent federal climate policy rollbacks in the United States have slowed progress toward high-ambition climate targets under the Paris Agreement. In the absence of federal climate leadership, there is a growing need to better understand the potential impacts of non-federal climate action. We assess the impacts of recent changes in federal policy, non-federal climate leadership, and potential [...]
Species specific mangrove habitat suitability and scenario dependent blue carbon modeling under uncertainty in Soc Trang Province, Vietnam
Published: 2026-04-26
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences
This study develops an integrated framework for species specific mangrove habitat suitability and scenario dependent blue carbon planning in Soc Trang Province, Vietnam. The spatial model translates ecological zonation evidence for 11 mangrove taxa into local rules based on coastal distance and elevation, then tests those rules across 19 spatial scenarios. The carbon model carries the resulting [...]
A hybrid physics–ML framework for integrating groundwater dynamics into land surface modeling
Published: 2026-04-22
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Settling and Rising Dynamics of River Litter
Published: 2026-04-22
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Global assessments of river litter transport, accumulation, and export to the oceans remain constrained because the particle-scale hydrodynamic variables governing litter movement are currently unknown. We resolve this by explaining the vertical dynamics of full-scale river litter in quiescent water through multi-camera, three-dimensional trajectory reconstructions of over a thousand litter items [...]
A Meteorological Indicator for Particulate Matter Emissions: Adapting the Hot-Dry-Windy Index to Predict Feedlot Evening Dust Peaks
Published: 2026-04-21
Subjects: Agriculture, Animal Sciences, Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Particulate matter emissions from cattle feedlot operations pose significant challenges to both livestock productivity and air quality in surrounding communities. The evening dust peak (EDP) has been documented for decades, but comprehensive long-term studies examining its meteorological drivers are very limited. While laboratory and field-scale investigations have demonstrated that feedlot [...]
Thermo-Hydraulic Optimization of Deep Geothermal Systems: Computational Methods and Classification
Published: 2026-04-20
Subjects: Engineering
Deep geothermal energy forms an important part of a sustainable energy portfolio, providing baseload power and heat. A significant global expansion of DGSs is projected for the coming decades, thereby increasing use of local geothermal resources. This, together with a competitive energy market, creates an incentive to optimize DGSs with respect to large-scale design and operational control [...]
Geostatistical Assessment of Shallow Groundwater Risk in Urban Coastal Virginia: A Case Study from Virginia Beach
Published: 2026-04-14
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Hydrology, Life Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Water Resource Management
Urban groundwater assessments in coastal cities often rely on public monitoring datasets that are spatially uneven and temporally discontinuous. This study evaluates shallow groundwater risk in Virginia Beach, Virginia, using 30 years of records (1991–2020) from 121 monitoring wells for groundwater levels and 55 wells with groundwater‑quality data for chloride (Cl), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn). [...]
Calculation of Slope Terrain Movement Rate from Tree Trunk Deformation
Published: 2026-04-09
Subjects: Engineering
Movement of terrain on slopes, unless intense, as in the case of landslides, is practically imperceptible and the deformed trunks of trees growing on slopes are detectors of these movements. The deformation of a tree trunk may therefore be considered as a continuous record of terrain movement for the period of tree vegetation life. The cause of trunk deformation is a slight change in the [...]
Repurposing enhanced rock weathering for brownfield cleanup: a practical carbonate–silicate remineralization method for stabilizing cationic metals in shallow soils
Published: 2026-04-02
Subjects: Engineering
Brownfield, mining-impacted, urban fill, and legacy agricultural sites often contain cationic metals concentrated in shallow soil horizons, where they sustain direct-contact, dust, and leaching risk and can complicate redevelopment. This paper reframes enhanced rock weathering (ERW), originally advanced for carbon dioxide removal, as a practical remineralization approach for immobilizing cationic [...]
Bayesian Calibration of dynamic models of earthquake sequences using observations from past large earthquakes
Published: 2026-04-02
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Physics-based models of the earthquake cycle could be used for time-dependent hazard assessment. For such an application, their parameters must be calibrated so that simulated earthquake sequences reproduce the statistics of past earthquakes, including recurrence statistics and magnitudes. This is challenging because the dynamics are described by nonlinear partial differential equations, initial [...]
Chitosan-Modified Loofah Scaffold for Sustainable Microplastic Removal from Water
Published: 2026-04-01
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering
The global accumulation of over 400 million tons of plastic waste annually has intensified the growing crisis of micro- and nanoplastic (MNP) contamination in natural and drinking water systems. These particles persist in the environment and act as vectors for toxic pollutants. Existing mitigation strategies often rely on costly synthetic materials or energy-intensive infrastructure, which may [...]
SPATIAL SPARSITY AWARE EXPLAINABLE DEEP LEARNING-BASED LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING: APPLICATION TO A HILL DISTRICT, BANGLADESH
Published: 2026-03-28
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering
Landslide susceptibility mapping is a critical disaster risk management tool in mountainous regions, particularly in developing countries and in regions where development is ongoing or planned. This research introduces a novel approach to landslide susceptibility mapping that addresses the persistent challenge of spatial sparsity in landslide datasets, particularly in developing countries where [...]
Seasonal Anomaly Detection in the Halda River Using a Multivariate Deep Learning Framework
Published: 2026-03-27
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Mechanical Engineering
Monitoring river water quality is essential to preserving ecological integrity, especially in ecologically significant rivers like the Halda, which is renowned for its natural freshwater carp spawning. This study presents a deep learning-based approach using a deep autoencoder neural network for unsupervised anomaly detection in water quality data. Two-year time-series data including daily [...]
Analyzing Seasonal Variations in Air Quality with Google Earth Engine: A Case Study of Chattogram, Bangladesh
Published: 2026-03-26
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Sciences
Air pollution is a serious environmental challenge in Bangladesh, significantly affecting public health and the ecosystem. This study considers analyzing the seasonal fluctuation of air quality in Chattogram by analyzing 13 significant areas near the industrial zone by using Google Earth Engine (GEE) to explore the SENTINEL-5P satellite data for key pollutants, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), [...]