Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Engineering

Viability of video imaging spectro-radiometry (VISR) for quantifying flare combustion efficiency

Kyle Daun, Alireza Kaveh, Jennifer Spinti, et al.

Published: 2024-10-12
Subjects: Engineering

Video imaging spectro-radiometry (VISR) has been proposed as a means to quantify the combustion efficiency (CE) of flares. This work presents a numerical assessment of VISR using computational fluid dynamics simulations of a steam-assisted industrial flare, with a focus on three aspects: how approximations in the radiometric model impact the local “pixel-wise” CE, the validity of the approach [...]

Clay Stabilisation using Modified Anionic Bitumen Emulsion and Waste Glass

Chetan Keshav Bhuckory, Raj Kumar Dreepaul, Slobodan B Mickovski

Published: 2024-10-11
Subjects: Engineering

Clay (black cotton soil) is among the most difficult soils to stabilise against land movement. This study explores the possibility of mixing binders with the soil to increase its internal properties and stabilise clay from landslide prone areas. A modified anionic bitumen emulsion was mixed with the soil at different percentages and tested for angle of friction and cohesion. It was found that an [...]

SWMManywhere: A Global-scale Workflow for Generation and Sensitivity Analysis of Synthetic Urban Drainage Models

Barnaby Dobson, Tijana Jovanovic, Diego Alonso-Álvarez, et al.

Published: 2024-10-11
Subjects: Engineering

Continual improvements in publicly available global geospatial datasets provide an opportunity for deriving urban drainage networks and simulation models of these networks (UDMs) worldwide. We present SWMManywhere, which leverages such datasets for generating synthetic UDMs and creating a Storm Water Management Model for any urban area globally. SWMManywhere’s highly modular and parameterised [...]

ml4xcube: Machine Learning Toolkits for Earth System Data Cubes

Julia Peters, Anja Neumann, Marco Jaeger, et al.

Published: 2024-10-09
Subjects: Computer and Systems Architecture, Computer Engineering, Engineering, Geography, Remote Sensing, Social and Behavioral Sciences

Rapidly changing climate conditions and the increase in extreme events are posing severe challenges to human life and infrastructure, requiring sophisticated analytical capabilities for hazard prediction and disaster risk management. Earth System Data Cubes (ESDCs) have become an essential tool in Earth System Sciences (ESS) by organizing large-scale, multivariate environmental datasets into a [...]

Expansion of cropland area during an abrupt sunlight reduction scenario

Luísa Monteiro, Michael Hinge, Simon Blouin, et al.

Published: 2024-10-01
Subjects: Engineering

In the eventuality of a major volcanic eruption or nuclear war, particles would accumulate in the stratosphere and reduce sunlight, potentially altering climate conditions severely and decreasing crop yields. Mass starvation could be prevented with the help of resilient foods, such as transforming natural gas into protein, wood into sugar, and relocating crops. One intervention not yet analysed [...]

Comprehensive Assessment of Drought Impact on Crop Yields Across Iowa Over Two Decades (2000-2022)

S M Samiul Islam, Jerry Mount, Ibrahim Demir

Published: 2024-09-30
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering

Corn and soybeans are pivotal crops in the U.S. agricultural landscape, providing essential vitamins and oils. These two crops dominate approximately 90% of crop production in Iowa. However, their yields are significantly impacted by recurrent drought conditions. A prolonged deficiency in soil moisture characterizes agricultural drought due to sustained precipitation shortfalls. This study aims [...]

FirnLearn: A Neural Network based approach to Firn Densification Modeling for Antarctica

Ayobami Ogunmolasuyi, Colin R. Meyer, Ian Mcdowell, et al.

Published: 2024-09-13
Subjects: Engineering

Understanding firn densification is essential for interpreting ice core records, predicting ice sheet mass balance, elevation changes, and future sea-level rise. Current models of firn densification on the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) are semi-empirical, complex, and rely on sparse climatic data and surface density observations. In this work, we introduce a deep learning technique to study firn [...]

ML-CASCADE: A Machine Learning and Cloud Computing-based Tool for Rapid and Automated Mapping of Landslides using Earth Observation Data

nirdesh sharma, Manabendra Saharia

Published: 2024-09-12
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering

Landslides pose a significant threat to humans as well as the environment. Rapid and precise mapping of landslide extent is necessary for understanding their spatial distribution, assessing susceptibility, and developing early warning systems. Traditional landslide mapping methods rely on labor-intensive field studies and manual mapping using high-resolution imagery, which are both costly and [...]

Resilient foods for preventing global famine: a review of food supply interventions for global catastrophic food shocks including nuclear winter and infrastructure collapse

Juan Bartolomé García Martínez, Jeffray Behr, Joshua M. Pearce, et al.

Published: 2024-09-12
Subjects: Agricultural Science, Agriculture, Animal Sciences, Aquaculture and Fisheries Life Sciences, Chemical Engineering, Engineering, Food Science, Life Sciences, Plant Sciences, Risk Analysis

Global catastrophic threats to the food system upon which human society depends are numerous. A nuclear war or volcanic eruption could collapse agricultural yields by inhibiting crop growth. Nuclear electromagnetic pulses or extreme pandemics could disrupt industry and mass-scale food supply by unprecedented levels. Global food storage is limited. What can be done? This article presents the state [...]

Deployment of Enhanced Geothermal System technology leads to rapid cost reductions and performance improvements

Jack Hunter Norbeck, Christian Gradl, Timothy Latimer

Published: 2024-09-10
Subjects: Engineering

Following successful production testing of the world’s first horizontal well enhanced geothermal system in 2023, continued deployment and optimization of the technology across two commercial projects has resulted in significant cost reductions and performance improvements. In this paper, we present field results and updates from Fervo Energy’s enhanced geothermal system projects in Nevada and [...]

Imperviousness in Hungary's Second Largest City Using Spatial Analytics

Oluwatuyi S Olowoyeye, Erika Budayné Bódi

Published: 2024-08-29
Subjects: Engineering

Urbanization in Debrecen, Hungary, has rapidly developed buildings and infrastructure, replacing ecosystems like vegetation, forest, and farmland. This has created a high percentage of sealed-up land, which cannot absorb water leading to water quality impairment in nearby water bodies. This research aims to examine the degree of land imperviousness in Debrecen, Hungary, and its effect on [...]

Two-layer formulation for long-runout turbidity currents: theory and bypass flow case

Hongbo Ma, Gary Parker, Matthieu Cartigny, et al.

Published: 2024-08-29
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Turbidity currents, which are stratified, sediment-laden bottom flows in the ocean or lakes, can run out for 100's to 1000's of kilometers in submarine channels without losing their stratified structure. Here we derive a layer-averaged, two-layer model for turbidity currents, specifically designed to capture long-runout. Previous models have captured runout only 10’s of kilometers, beyond which [...]

How much is enough? Uncertainty aware sample mass determination of coarse-grained soils for particle size analyses

Georg H. Erharter, Santiago Quinteros, Diana Cordeiro, et al.

Published: 2024-08-23
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Geology, Geomorphology, Geotechnical Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Hydrology, Other Civil and Environmental Engineering, Other Earth Sciences, Probability, Sedimentology, Soil Science, Statistical Models, Statistics and Probability, Stratigraphy

Determining particle size distributions (PSD) of soils is a basic first step in many geotechnical analyses and guidance is given in different national standards. For ambiguous reasons, the recommended required minimum sample mass (m_min) for the PSD-analyses of soils with a main component of gravel or greater is always based on equations including the soil's maximum grain diameter (D_max). We [...]

End-to-End Deployment of the Educational AI Hub for Personalized Learning and Engagement: A Case Study on Environmental Science Education

Ramteja Sajja, Yusuf Sermet, Ibrahim Demir

Published: 2024-08-22
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Engineering Education

This study introduces an end-to-end framework for deploying artificial intelligence (AI) enabled educational assistants tailored specifically for environmental sciences learning needs in higher education. Leveraging state-of-the-art AI and natural language processing (NLP) technologies, the framework provides personalized learning experiences by facilitating access to complex environmental data [...]

Numerical Investigation of Energy Dissipation and Hydraulic Performance of Slotted Roller Buckets with a Different Teeth Configuration

Payam Heidarian, Maryam Asadi, Pouya Heidarian

Published: 2024-08-22
Subjects: Engineering

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