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Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Hydrology

Mixing, stratification and plankton under lake-ice during winter in a large lake: implications for spring dissolved oxygen levels

Bernard Yang, Mathew Wells, Jingzhi Li, et al.

Published: 2019-06-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The mixing and stratification present under the ice during winter can have a profound influence on the following summertime hypolimnetic oxygen levels. During winter, plankton rely on updrafts caused by convection to remain in the photic zone in ice-covered lakes, thus there is a crucial link in winter between light levels, under-ice circulation and dissolved oxygen (DO) production. Detailed [...]

Optimizing Regional Climate Model Output for Hydro-Climate Applications in the Eastern Nile Basin

Mahmoud Osman, George Zittis, Mohammed AbouElHaggag, et al.

Published: 2019-06-18
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Climate, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Hydrology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

This study focuses on the Eastern Nile (EN) Basin, most of whose water flows into the High Aswan Dam (HAD), Egypt. It is, therefore, crucial to have an accurate hydrological assessment overtime to plan water resource management in the area. With complex topography, it is important to capture most of the physics captured with the least bias in meteorological information. Weather Research and [...]

Concurrent wet and dry hydrological extremes at the global scale

Paolo De Luca, Gabriele Messori, Robert L. Wilby, et al.

Published: 2019-05-30
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Meteorology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Multi-hazard events can be associated with larger socio-economic impacts than single-hazard events. Understanding the spatio-temporal interactions that characterise the former is, therefore, of relevance to disaster risk reduction measures. Here, we consider two high-impact hazards, namely wet and dry hydrological extremes, and quantify their global co-occurrence. We define these using the [...]

Lake Level Fluctuations in the Northern Great Basin for the Last 25,000 years

Lauren Santi, Daniel Enrique Ibarra, John Mering, et al.

Published: 2019-05-30
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Hydrology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology

During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; ~23,000 to 19,000 years ago or ka) and through the last deglaciation, the Great Basin physiographic region in the western United States was marked by multiple extensive lake systems, as recorded by proxy evidence and lake sediments. However, temporal constraints on the growth, desiccation, and timing of lake highstands remain poorly constrained. Studies aimed [...]

HESS Opinions: Improving the evaluation of groundwater representation in continental to global scale models

Tom Gleeson, Thorsten Wagener, Petra Doell, et al.

Published: 2019-05-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Continental- to global-scale hydrologic and land surface models increasingly include representations of the groundwater system, driven by crucial Earth science and sustainability problems. These models are essential for examining, communicating, and understanding the dynamic interactions between the Earth System above and below the land surface as well as the opportunities and limits of [...]

Using nano-XRM and high-contrast imaging to inform micro-porosity permeability during Stokes-Brinkman single and two-phase flow simulations on micro-CT images

Hannah Menke, Ying Gao, Sven Linden, et al.

Published: 2019-05-17
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Carbonate rocks have particularly complex and multiscale pore systems which are weakly understood. In this study we use combined experimental, modelling, and pore space generation methods to tackle the impact of micro-porosity on the bulk flow properties of Estaillades limestone. First, a nano-core from a microporous grain of Estaillades Limestone was scanned using x-ray nano tomography [...]

Representation of European hydroclimatic patterns with Self-Organizing Maps

Yannis Markonis, Filip Strnad

Published: 2019-05-15
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Life Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Physics, Planetary Sciences

Self-Organizing Maps provide a powerful, non-linear technique of dimensionality reduction that can be used to identify clusters with similar attributes. Here, they were constructed from a 1000-year-long gridded palaeoclimatic dataset, namely the Old World Drought Atlas, to detect regions of homogeneous hydroclimatic variability across the European continent. A classification scheme of 10 regions [...]

Revising Contemporary Heat Flux Estimates for the Lena River, Northern Eurasia

Nikita Tananaev, Aleksandr Georgiadi, Vera Fofonova

Published: 2019-05-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The Lena River heat flux affects the Laptev Sea hydrology. Published long-term estimates range from 14.0 to 15.7 EJ·a-1, based on data from Kyusyur, at the river outlet. A novel daily stream temperature (Tw) dataset was used to evaluate contemporary Lena R. heat flux, which is 16.4±2.7 EJ·a-1 (2002-2011), confirming upward trends in both Tw and water runoff. Our field data from Kyusyur, however, [...]

Analysis of Persistence in the Flood Timing and the Role of Catchment Wetness on Flood Generation in a Large River Basin in India

Nandamuri Yamini Rama, Poulomi Ganguli, Chandranath Chatterjee

Published: 2019-05-08
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Statistics and Probability

This study contributes to the understanding of the timing of occurrence of floods and role of the catchment wetness in flood processes (i.e., magnitude and the timing of floods) over one of the largest tropical pluvial river basin system, Mahanadi, in India. Being located in the monsoon ‘core’ region (18° - 28° N latitude and 73° - 82° E longitude) and its proximity to Bay of Bengal, Mahanadi [...]

Trends of hydroclimatic intensity in Colombia

Oscar J. Mesa, Viviana Urrea, Andrés Ochoa

Published: 2019-05-08
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Climate, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Life Sciences, Meteorology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Risk Analysis, Statistics and Probability, Water Resource Management

Prediction of changes in precipitation in upcoming years and decades caused by global climate change associated with the greenhouse effect, deforestation and other anthropic perturbations is a practical and scientific problem of high complexity and huge consequences. To advance toward this challenge we look at the daily historical record of all available rain gauges in Colombia to estimate an [...]

Application of multivariate statistical methods to hydrogeological property parameterisation from geotechnical and geophysical data

Gareth Digges La Touche, Sarah Alexander, Jo Birch, et al.

Published: 2019-04-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Hydrology, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Water Resource Management

Hydrogeological data sets are often relatively sparse compared to the scale of investigation, resulting in degrees of uncertainty which, although constrained, may be considered as not acceptable for achieving the desired precision in numerical modelling. The potential use of multivariate statistical methods in identifying correlations between geotechnical properties of the rock mass and hydraulic [...]

Explaining long-range fluid pressure transients caused by oilfield wastewater disposal using the hydrogeologic principle of superposition

Ryan M. Pollyea

Published: 2019-04-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Injection-induced earthquakes are now a regular occurrence across the midcontinent United States. This phenomenon is primarily caused by oilfield wastewater disposal into deep geologic formations, which induces fluid pressure transients that decrease effective stress and trigger earthquakes on critically stressed faults. It is now generally accepted that the cumulative effects of multiple [...]

Are Detected Trends in Flood Magnitude and Shifts in the Timing of Floods of A Major River Basin in India, Linked To Anthropogenic Stressors?

Nandamuri Yamini Rama, Poulomi Ganguli, Chandranath Chatterjee

Published: 2019-04-10
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Hydrology, Mathematics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Statistics and Probability

Analyzing of trends in flood magnitude and the timing of the dates of flood occurrences of large river basins across the globe are essential for understanding changes in water availability (high or low flows) and assessing the fidelity of global hydrological models. Our research is motivated by the recent six major consecutive floods in Mahanadi (years: 2001, 2003, 2006, 2008, 2011 and 2013) [...]

Illuminating water cycle modifications and Earth System resilience in the Anthropocene

Tom Gleeson, Sam Zipper, Lan Wang Erlandsson, et al.

Published: 2019-04-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Fresh water – the bloodstream of the biosphere – is at the centre of the planetary drama of the Anthropocene. Water fluxes and stores regulate the Earth’s climate and are essential for thriving aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, as well as water, food and energy security. But the water cycle is also being modified by humans at an unprecedented scale and rate. A holistic understanding of [...]

The flow of fresh groundwater and solutes to the world’s oceans and coastal ecosystems

Elco Luijendijk, Tom Gleeson, Nils Moosdorf

Published: 2019-03-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The flow of fresh groundwater towards the world oceans may provide substantial inputs of nutrients and solutes to the oceans. Here we present a spatially resolved global model of coastal groundwater discharge to show that the contribution of fresh groundwater is lower than most previous estimates and accounts for only ~0.6% of the freshwater input and ~2% of the solute input to the oceans. [...]

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