Filtering by Subject: Other Earth Sciences
Published: 2023-05-25
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Sedimentology
The process of macroplastic (>0.5 cm) fragmentation results in the production of smaller plastic particles (micro- and nanoplastics), which threaten biota and human health and are difficult to remove from the environment. The global coverage and long retention times of macroplastic waste in fluvial systems (ranging from years to centuries) create long-lasting and widespread potential for its [...]
Published: 2023-05-25
Subjects: Other Earth Sciences, Sedimentology, Tectonics and Structure
One of the most remarkable features of the central Northern Calcareous Alps (Eastern Alps, Austria) is the widespread presence of Upper Triassic deep-water carbonates and Permo-Triassic evaporites resting on deep-water Middle Jurassic sediments and their underlying Upper Triassic shallow-water carbonate platform successions. The Triassic deep-water carbonates and accompanying evaporites have been [...]
Published: 2023-05-25
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Global mean sea-level (GMSL) change can provide insight on how ice sheets, glaciers, and oceans respond to warming[1;2]. The Holocene (11.7 ka to present) marks a time when temperatures may have exceeded early industrial (1850 CE) values[3]. Evidence from Greenland[4] and Antarctica[5;6] indicates that both ice sheets retreated inland of their present-day extents during the Holocene, yet previous [...]
Published: 2023-05-17
Subjects: Databases and Information Systems, Geomorphology, Glaciology, Other Earth Sciences
This paper presents the specific process we, as part of the Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP) Semantic Harmonization Cluster, used to harmonize terms from the Global Cryosphere Watch (GCW) compilation of cryospheric terms with the Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology (SWEET) and the Environment Ontology (ENVO). In addition, we summarize a number of leading practices which [...]
Published: 2023-05-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Textural information, such as crystal size distributions (CSDs) or crystal aspect ratios are powerful tools in igneous petrography for interrogating the thermal history of rocks. They facilitate the investigation of crystal nucleation, growth and mixing as well as the cooling rate of the rock. However, they require large volumes of crystal segmentations and measurements that are often obtained [...]
Published: 2023-04-13
Subjects: Other Earth Sciences
Hydro-morphological processes (HMP, any natural phenomenon contained within the spectrum defined between debris flows and flash floods) are globally occurring natural hazards which pose great threats to our society, leading to fatalities and economical losses. For this reason, understanding the dynamics behind HMPs is needed to aid in hazard and risk assessment. In this work, we take [...]
Published: 2023-04-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Natural Resource Economics, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Other Earth Sciences, Tectonics and Structure
Variations in subsurface heat flow within the upper crust control the distribution of geothermal resources. Development of a robust understanding of these variations requires reliable measurements of temperature and thermal conductivity. To date, measurements of temperature and conductivity onshore the UK have been unavailable in an accessible, clearly structured digital format. Here, we rectify [...]
Published: 2023-01-31
Subjects: Geomorphology, Other Earth Sciences
Strong earthquakes are not only able to change the earth's surface processes by triggering a large population of coseismic landslides but also by influencing hillslope deformation rates in post-seismic periods. An increase in post-seismic hillslope deformation rates could also be linked to a change in post-seismic landslide hazard level and, thus, could be exploited to better assess post-seismic [...]
Published: 2022-12-17
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Geochemistry, Other Earth Sciences, Planetary Biogeochemistry, Planetary Geochemistry
Iron(II)-bearing trioctahedral smectites (saponites) form during anoxic alteration of basaltic rock. They are predicted to have been widespread on the early Earth and are observed in the oceanic subsurface today. Smectite structures, including the occupancy of sites in the octahedral sheet, affect iron redox behavior but the rates and products of trioctahedral smectite oxidation have been largely [...]
Published: 2022-11-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Imperfections and uncertainties in forecast models are often represented in ensemble prediction systems by stochastic spatio-temporal perturbations of model equations. A new technique for this purpose termed Additive Model-uncertainty perturbations scaled by Physical Tendencies (AMPT) is proposed in this article. AMPT employs the previously developed Stochastic Pattern Generator (Tsyrulnikov and [...]
Published: 2022-11-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sustainability
Geophysical research frequently makes use of agreed methodologies, formally published software, and bespoke code to process and analyse data. The reliability and repeatability of these methods is vital in maintaining the integrity of research findings and thereby avoiding the dissemination of unreliable results. In recent years there has been increased attention on aspects of reproducibility, [...]
Published: 2022-10-08
Subjects: Agriculture, Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Environmental Chemistry, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Soil Science
Crop establishment in no-till arable systems benefits from favourable soil conditions. Combined with the incorporation of crop residues and manures, no-till can influence soil organic carbon (SOC) and organic matter (SOM) dynamics, crop productivity and nutrient cycling. These processes are shaped by spatial and temporal factors and associated microbial processes. There is a lack of diachronic [...]
Published: 2022-10-03
Subjects: Other Earth Sciences
We present a mobile dataset of ultrafine particles (UFPs) in Lancaster, UK, with measurements taken by car and bike over 5 days in May 2022. UFPs are a constituent of air pollution and comprise of particulate matter (PM) less than 0.1μm in diameter. UFPs are unregulated and less measured than larger constituents of PM, despite being harmful to health and an important part of the atmospheric and [...]
Published: 2022-09-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Mineral Physics, Other Earth Sciences
Aluminium phosphates are mineral phases commonly occurring in rare-element pegmatites that record initial magmatic crystallization, metasomatic and hydrothermal replacements and precipitation and low-temperature alteration. Here we perform a comparative mineralogical study between several localities to assess similarities and variations in these parageneses and establish a general alteration [...]
Published: 2022-08-31
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other Earth Sciences, Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sustainability
We introduce a method for long-distance maritime route planning in polar regions, taking into account complex changing environmental conditions. The method allows the construction of optimised routes, describing the three main stages of the process: discrete modelling of the environmental conditions using a non-uniform mesh, the construction of mesh-optimal paths, and path smoothing. In order to [...]