Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Other Earth Sciences
The Role of Continental Heterogeneity on the Evolution of Continental Margin Topography at Subduction Zones
Published: 2023-09-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
The nature of the overriding plate plays a major role in shaping subduction zone processes. In particular, the highly heterogeneous continental lithosphere modulates intra-plate tectonics and the surface evolution of our planet. However, the role of continental heterogeneity is relatively under-explored for the dynamics of subduction models. We investigate the influence of rheological and density [...]
Garnet zoning patterns record multiple processes of chemical transfer during subduction
Published: 2023-08-24
Subjects: Geology, Other Earth Sciences
Subduction facilitates the transfer of volatiles from the Earth’s surface to its interior. However, the rock-scale processes that govern the efficiency of deep volatile transfer are not fully understood. Garnets from subduction zone rocks commonly have fine-scale, oscillatory elemental zoning that is typically considered to record external fluid ingress/transfer. Elemental and oxygen-isotope [...]
Evaluating Climate Signals on Global Coastal Shoreline Positions A commentary on “Influence of El Niño on the variability of global shoreline position” by Almar and colleagues.
Published: 2023-07-26
Subjects: Climate, Geomorphology, Oceanography, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences
Almar and colleagues (2023) are correct in stating that, “understanding and predicting shoreline evolution is of great importance for coastal management.” Amongst the different timescales of shoreline change, the interannual and decadal timescales are of particular interest to coastal scientists as they reflect the integrated system response to the Earth’s climate and its natural modes of [...]
Satellite-derived shorelines for monitoring of sandy beaches: a benchmark study
Published: 2023-07-10
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geomorphology, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Satellite remote sensing is becoming a widely used monitoring technique in coastal sciences. Yet, no benchmarking studies exist that compare the performance of popular satellite-derived shoreline (SDS) mapping algorithms against standardized sets of inputs and validation data. Here we present a new benchmarking framework to evaluate the accuracy of shoreline change observations extracted from [...]
From space-time landslide susceptibility to landslide risk forecast
Published: 2023-06-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The literature on landslide susceptibility is rich with examples that span a large number of topics. However, the component that pertains to the extension of the susceptibility framework toward space-time modeling is largely unexplored. This statement is even more valid when looking at the landslide risk context, where hardly any scientific contribution investigates risk dynamics in space and [...]
Ten deep learning techniques to address small data problems with remote sensing
Published: 2023-06-09
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Other Earth Sciences
Researchers and engineers have increasingly used Deep Learning (DL) for a variety of Remote Sensing (RS) tasks. However, data from local observations or via ground truth is often quite limited for training DL models, especially when these models represent key socio-environmental problems, such as the monitoring of extreme, destructive climate events, biodiversity, and sudden changes in ecosystem [...]
Macroplastic fragmentation in rivers
Published: 2023-05-25
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Sedimentology
The process of macroplastic (>0.5 cm) fragmentation results in the production of smaller plastic particles (micro- and nanoplastics), which threaten biota and human health and are difficult to remove from the environment. The global coverage and long retention times of macroplastic waste in fluvial systems (ranging from years to centuries) create long-lasting and widespread potential for its [...]
Salt‑rich versus salt‑poor structural scenarios in the central Northern Calcareous Alps: implications for the Hallstatt facies and early Alpine tectonic evolution (Eastern Alps, Austria)
Published: 2023-05-25
Subjects: Other Earth Sciences, Sedimentology, Tectonics and Structure
One of the most remarkable features of the central Northern Calcareous Alps (Eastern Alps, Austria) is the widespread presence of Upper Triassic deep-water carbonates (the Hallstatt facies) and Permo-Triassic evaporites resting on deep-water Middle Jurassic strata and their underlying Upper Triassic shallow-water carbonate platform successions. The Hallstatt facies and accompanying evaporites [...]
Global mean sea level higher than present during the Holocene
Published: 2023-05-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Global mean sea-level (GMSL) change can provide insight on how ice sheets, glaciers, and oceans respond to warming[1;2]. The Holocene (11.7 ka to present) marks a time when temperatures may have exceeded early industrial (1850 CE) values[3]. Evidence from Greenland[4] and Antarctica[5;6] indicates that both ice sheets retreated inland of their present-day extents during the Holocene, yet previous [...]
Harmonizing GCW Cryosphere Vocabularies with ENVO and SWEET: Towards a General Model for Semantic Harmonization
Published: 2023-05-17
Subjects: Databases and Information Systems, Geomorphology, Glaciology, Other Earth Sciences
This paper presents the specific process we, as part of the Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP) Semantic Harmonization Cluster, used to harmonize terms from the Global Cryosphere Watch (GCW) compilation of cryospheric terms with the Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology (SWEET) and the Environment Ontology (ENVO). In addition, we summarize a number of leading practices which [...]
MinDet1: A Deep Learning-enabled Approach for Plagioclase Textural Studies
Published: 2023-05-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Textural information, such as crystal size distributions (CSDs) or crystal aspect ratios are powerful tools in igneous petrography for interrogating the thermal history of rocks. They facilitate the investigation of crystal nucleation, growth and mixing as well as the cooling rate of the rock. However, they require large volumes of crystal segmentations and measurements that are often obtained [...]
On the use of explainable AI for susceptibility modeling: examining the spatial pattern of SHAP values
Published: 2023-04-13
Subjects: Other Earth Sciences
Hydro-morphological processes (HMP, any natural phenomenon contained within the spectrum defined between debris flows and flash floods) are globally occurring natural hazards which pose great threats to our society, leading to fatalities and economical losses. For this reason, understanding the dynamics behind HMPs is needed to aid in hazard and risk assessment. In this work, we take [...]
Consolidated Geothermal Database UK (CGD-UK): A digital open license database for temperature and thermal conductivity in the UK.
Published: 2023-04-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Natural Resource Economics, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Other Earth Sciences, Tectonics and Structure
Variations in subsurface heat flow within the upper crust control the distribution of geothermal resources. Development of a robust understanding of these variations requires reliable measurements of temperature and thermal conductivity. To date, measurements of temperature and conductivity onshore the UK have been unavailable in an accessible, clearly structured digital format. Here, we rectify [...]
Revealing the hillslope response to earthquake legacy effect using time series InSAR
Published: 2023-01-31
Subjects: Geomorphology, Other Earth Sciences
Strong earthquakes are not only able to change the earth's surface processes by triggering a large population of coseismic landslides but also by influencing hillslope deformation rates in post-seismic periods. An increase in post-seismic hillslope deformation rates could also be linked to a change in post-seismic landslide hazard level and, thus, could be exploited to better assess post-seismic [...]
Oxidation Rates and Redox Stabilization of Ferrous Iron in Trioctahedral Smectites
Published: 2022-12-16
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Geochemistry, Other Earth Sciences, Planetary Biogeochemistry, Planetary Geochemistry
Iron(II)-bearing trioctahedral smectites (saponites) form during anoxic alteration of basaltic rock. They are predicted to have been widespread on the early Earth and are observed in the oceanic subsurface today. Smectite structures, including the occupancy of sites in the octahedral sheet, affect iron redox behavior but the rates and products of trioctahedral smectite oxidation have been largely [...]