Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Education
Can recovered data-centre heat supply solid-sorbent direct air capture regeneration? A thermodynamic and carbon-accounting review of the proposed DACR–HSDC coupling, with falsifiable deployment gates
Published: 2026-10-01
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract Background. Direct air capture (DAC) using temperature-vacuum swing adsorption requires electricity and low- to medium-temperature regeneration heat. Data centres reject heat that may be available for this purpose, but the temperature, timing and emissions intensity of that heat determine whether integration produces additional net atmospheric removal. An earlier design document by the [...]
Where do slopes fail in Rudraprayag? A small-inventory landslide susceptibility study, and how evaluation choices change the answer
Published: 2026-09-27
Subjects: Education
Rudraprayag district in the Garhwal Himalaya (Uttarakhand, India) is highly landslide-prone and lies on the pilgrimage route to Kedarnath. No landslide inventory was accessible for this study, so I built a preliminary one semi-automatically: bare, steep patches detected in Sentinel-2 imagery were verified one by one on high-resolution imagery, giving 38 landslides. I trained random forests on [...]
A brief history of equifinality in hydrological modelling: from GST to GLUE to ML
Published: 2026-09-25
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
AbstractEquifinality has shaped hydrological modelling for five decades. The equifinality thesis rejects the concept of an “optimal” model in favour of the possibility that different model structures or parameter sets can provide similarly acceptable representations of a system when uncertainties in the forcing and evaluation data are considered, especially when those data are subject to [...]
Coupled Physics-Based and Machine Learning Streamflow Modeling with High-Resolution Flood Inundation and Impact Assessment for Hurricane Florence (2018): A Case Study of the Neuse River at Goldsboro, North Carolina
Published: 2026-09-18
Subjects: Computer Engineering, Earth Sciences, Education, Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Planetary Hydrology, Probability
Hurricane Florence made landfall in North Carolina in September 2018 and produced record or near-record river stages across the Neuse River basin, including at United States Geological Survey (USGS) gauge 02089000 near Goldsboro. This study presents an end-to-end hydrological and floodmapping workflow that couples a semi-distributed, physics-based rainfall-runoff model (Physics V3.5) and a [...]
Experiential and Collective Responses to Health Implications of Extreme Weather Events
Published: 2026-09-03
Subjects: Education, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Extreme weather events, including wildfires, are becoming more frequent, intense, and consequential for human health. Scientific advances have improved our ability to characterize hazards and the socioeconomic constraints shaping exposure, but these dimensions are not always integrated throughout the development of environmental health knowledge. Meanwhile, broader publics, although often not [...]
GIS-Based Assessment of Urbanization Impact on Green Space Dynamics in Awka, Nigeria (1990–2020)
Published: 2026-08-14
Subjects: Education
This research project focuses on assessing the impact of urbanization on green spaces in Awka Urban City, Nigeria, utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The study spans the years 1990 to 2020 and employs Landsat satellite imagery for geospatial analysis. The primary objectives include mapping and quantifying the extent of urbanization, analyzing changes in green space distribution, and [...]
A technical review on underground hydrogen storage potential in porous media: A dynamic reservoir simulation approach
Published: 2026-07-17
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
As the global demand for energy continues to climb and the urgency for carbon-neutral alternatives grows, hydrogen becomes increasingly prominent as a clean energy source [1], [2]. The research reviewed underground hydrogen storage potentials, discussing the distinction between the working gas and cushion gas that are critical in maintaining pressure and optimal injection conditions. Emphasis on [...]
The tidal-force theory of the Indian summer monsoon
Published: 2026-07-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Education, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Science and Mathematics Education
This article elaborates on the theory that both lunar and solar tractive tidal forces generate the wind flows responsible for the ISMR. Monsoon variability shows that the monsoon (ISMR) is not periodic simply on the tropical year or the Gregorian calendar. However, it was observed that the seemingly delayed monsoons of 2004 and 2026 came right on time for the rainy season on the traditional [...]
Geometrical Assessment of Climate Models in the Drake Passage Using Multivariate Singular Spectrum Analysis
Published: 2026-07-02
Subjects: Education, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Drake Passage is a narrow and unusually energetic ocean-atmosphere corridor, making it a useful region for testing whether climate products that agree in conventional statistics also organize their variability in comparable ways. We compare ERA5, CESM2, and ICON-ESM-LR over their strictly common historical period, 1979-2014 (432 months), using multivariate singular spectrum analysis (M-SSA) [...]
Flexocompression Beam Analogy Applied to the Calculation of Seismogenic Thickness and Cortical Rupture Prediction
Published: 2026-06-27
Subjects: Education, Engineering
This paper presents a deterministic geomechanical model to parameterize the spatial variability of seismogenic thickness (h) in basement thrust faults under flat-slab subduction regimes. We develop a physico-mathematical analogy by transforming the elemental elastic approximation into a variable cross-section Timoshenko beam model subjected to tectonic flexocompression. The governing differential [...]
Teaching geomedia literacy in school geography: Teachers’ perspectives on students’ interpretive and productive skills
Published: 2026-06-25
Subjects: Education, Educational Methods, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Language and Literacy Education, Other Geography, Science and Mathematics Education, Spatial Science
Maps, diagrams, images, and visualisations are central to how geographical knowledge is learned and communicated in school. Drawing on 20 interviews with Finnish lower and upper secondary geography teachers, this article analyses geomedia literacy as disciplinary literacy through an abductive, theory-informed thematic analysis. Teachers described geomedia as the everyday representational language [...]
Foundational GIS competence, cognitive demand and essay-response maturity in the Finnish geography matriculation examination
Published: 2026-06-22
Subjects: Education, Educational Methods, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Science and Mathematics Education
This study analyses how upper secondary students demonstrate foundational GIS competence in essay responses to a Finnish geography matriculation examination. A random sample of 100 Finnish-language responses was examined using qualitative deductive content analysis, the revised Bloom’s taxonomy, the SOLO taxonomy, and the GeoTAITO model. The task addressed geographic information, spatial [...]
Pedagogical integration of digital GIS tools in secondary education: Teachers’ uses, classroom organisation, and constraints
Published: 2026-06-22
Subjects: Education, Educational Methods, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography
Secondary-school GIS teaching offers a window into how geospatial workflows are translated into classroom practice. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 20 Finnish lower and upper secondary geography teachers, this article analyses the tools teachers use, the pedagogical organisation of GIS-related work, and the factors shaping its scope, depth, and continuity. The findings show that [...]
How Do General Upper Secondary School Students Interpret Map Information? Geomedia Literacy and Visual Map Elements in Finland’s Geography Matriculation Examination
Published: 2026-06-22
Subjects: Education, Educational Methods, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Language and Literacy Education
This study examines general upper secondary school students’ geomedia literacy in a high-stakes assessment context by analysing 272 essay answers to a map-related question in Finland’s nationwide geography Matriculation Examination (spring 2020). The task (“Visual elements of a good map”) asked students to identify at least five map elements and justify what each element conveys using a provided [...]
A Rotating Air-Ring Model for Atmospheric Vortices and a Peripheral Drag Concept for Tornado Mitigation
Published: 2026-06-10
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study introduces Latent Angular Momentum (LAM) as a heuristic parameter for understanding the intensification of rotating atmospheric vortices. Using a simplified air-ring model based on the conservation of angular momentum, we derive an analytical expression for tangential wind speed as a function of radial contraction and latitude. Model predictions yield physically plausible initial radii [...]