Preprints
There are 5476 Preprints listed.
Improved estimation of phytoplankton abundance and fine-scale water quality features via simultaneous discrete and semi-continuous surveys
Published: 2022-08-06
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Environmental Monitoring, Fresh Water Studies, Oceanography, Water Resource Management
The abundance and distribution of phytoplankton is driven by light and nutrient availability which in turn is controlled by larger-scale regional processes such as climatic variability and global teleconnections. However, such estimates are largely built on evidence gathered from coarse (on the order of kilometers), discrete grab sampling networks where the overall set of measured parameters is [...]
A High-order Accurate Summation-by-Parts Finite Difference Method for Fully-dynamic Earthquake Sequence Simulations within Sedimentary Basins
Published: 2022-08-06
Subjects: Applied Mathematics, Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We present a computationally efficient numerical method for earthquake sequences that incorporates wave propagation during rupture. A vertical strike-slip fault governed by rate-and-state friction is embedded in a heterogeneous elastic half-space discretized using a high-order accurate Summation-by-Parts finite difference method. We develop a two solver approach: Adaptive time-stepping is [...]
Within the subducting Nazca Plate: The 2020 Mw 6.8 Calama earthquake and its similarity with the surrounding inslab seismicity
Published: 2022-08-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We study the 2020 MW 6.8 Calama earthquake sequence that occurred within the subducting oceanic Nazca plate. The mainshock is modeled via waveform inversion using a dynamic rupture model, while detection and location techniques are used to better characterize its aftershock sequence. We analyze the local seismotectonic and thermal context of the subducting Nazca plate to understand the trigger [...]
Extensional Deformation of a Shale-dominated Delta: Tarakan Basin, Offshore Indonesia
Published: 2022-08-04
Subjects: Geology, Sedimentology, Tectonics and Structure
Deformation on shale-rich continental margins is commonly associated with thin-skinned extension above mobile shales. Normal faulting and shale mobilization are widespread on such margins, being associated with and controlled by progradation and gravitational failure of deltaic sedimentary wedges. However, due to limitations in our ability to seismically imaging these mobile shales, our [...]
Atlantic Water intrusion triggers rapid retreat and regime change at previously stable Greenland glacier
Published: 2022-08-04
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology
Ice discharge from Greenland’s marine-terminating glaciers contributes to half of all mass loss from the ice sheet, with numerous mechanisms proposed to explain their retreat. Here, we examine K.I.V Steenstrups Nordre Bræ (‘Steenstrup’) in Southeast Greenland, which, between 2018—2021, retreated ~7 km, thinned ~20%, doubled in discharge, and quadrupled in flow speed. This rate of acceleration is [...]
Field’s Spatial Variation Influenced Outcomes more so than N-fertiliser, FYM, Cover Crops or Their Legacy Effects Following Conversion to a No-till Arable System
Published: 2022-08-04
Subjects: Agricultural Science, Agriculture, Agronomy and Crop Sciences Life Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Soil Science, Sustainability
No-till in agricultural arable systems is a practice that offers benefits to soil health. Combined with methods such as the incorporation of crop residues and manures, no-till can influence the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and organic matter (SOM), crop productivity and nutrient status. These turnovers are shaped by spatial and temporal factors and associated microbial mineralisation [...]
MacroSheds: a synthesis of long-term biogeochemical, hydroclimatic, and geospatial data from small watershed ecosystem studies
Published: 2022-08-04
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Hydrology, Water Resource Management
The U.S. Federal Government supports hundreds of watershed ecosystem monitoring efforts from which solute fluxes can be calculated. While details of instrumentation and sampling methods vary across these studies, the types of data collected and the questions that motivate their analysis are remarkably similar. Nevertheless, little effort toward the compilation of these datasets has previously [...]
Testing the potential of using coarse-grain feldspars for post-IR IRSL dating of calcium sulphate-wedge growth in the Atacama Desert
Published: 2022-08-04
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The growth of vertically laminated calcium-sulphate wedges in the Atacama Desert is assumed to be driven by the interaction of moisture supply and salt dynamics in the subsurface. Geochronological data of these wedge laminations is yet sparse but indispensable to resolve wedge-growth phases and episodes of moisture supply and to use these deposits as a palaeoclimate archive in the hyperarid [...]
Influence of reef isostasy, dynamic topography, and glacial isostatic adjustment on sea-level records in Northeastern Australia
Published: 2022-08-04
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Understanding sea level during the warmest peak of the Last Interglacial (125,000 yrs ago; Marine Isotope Stage 5e) is important for assessing future ice-sheet dynamics in response to climate change, and relies on the measurement and interpretation of paleo sea-level indicators, corrected for post-depositional vertical land motions. The coasts and continental shelves of northeastern Australia [...]
Time-variable Strain and Stress Rates Induced by Holocene Glacial Isostatic Adjustment in Continental Interiors
Published: 2022-08-04
Subjects: Tectonics and Structure
In continental interiors, tectonically-driven deformation rates are low, often to the point where they are undetectable with modern geodesy. However, a range of non-tectonic surface processes, particularly relating to hydrological, cryospheric, and sedimentological mass changes, can produce strain-rates which on geologically-short timescales are substantially greater than those produced by [...]
MinPlot: A mineral formula recalculation and plotting program for electron probe microanalysis
Published: 2022-08-03
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
MinPlot is a MATLAB®-based mineral formula recalculation and compositional plotting program for electron microprobe analyses (EPMA). The program offers recalculation and structural formula assignment for 15 different mineral groups: Garnet, pyroxene, olivine, amphibole, feldspar, mica, staurolite, cordierite, chlorite, chloritoid, talc, epidote, titanite, spinel, and sulfides. MinPlot is a fast [...]
Virtual image patch-based cloud removal for Landsat images
Published: 2022-07-31
Subjects: Theory and Algorithms
The inevitable thick cloud contamination in Landsat images has severely limited the usability and applications of these images. Developing cloud removal algorithms has been a hot research topic in recent years. Many previous algorithms used one or multiple cloud-free images in the same area acquired on other dates as reference image(s) to reconstruct missing pixel values. Although it has been [...]
Formation and reorganization timescales of aeolian landscapes
Published: 2022-07-29
Subjects: Climate, Geomorphology, Stratigraphy
Landscapes created through sediment transport are shaped by the interaction of flow and form. In landscapes where wind is the agent of geomorphic work, this is clear at the small-scale; equilibrium dune morphology is linked to the wind climate and the supply of sediment. At larger scales, this linkage becomes ambiguous because the form of giant dunes and dune fields integrate long histories of [...]
Resolving minute temporal seismic velocity changes induced by earthquake damage: The more stations, the merrier ?
Published: 2022-07-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology
Ground shaking induced by earthquakes often introduces transient changes in seismic velocity monitored with ambient noise. These changes are usually attributed to relaxation behavior following the co-seismic damage in the subsurface and are of relevance for postseismic hazard mitigation. However, the velocity evolution associated with this phenomenon can occur at very small timescales and [...]
Mud redeposition during river incision as a factor affecting authigenic 10Be/9Be dating: Early Pleistocene large mammal fossil-bearing site Nová Vieska, eastern Danube Basin
Published: 2022-07-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
This study examines the suitability of the authigenic 10Be/9Be dating method to the dating of the deposits of an incising river, taking as an example the Nová Vieska river terrace, which accumulated during the neotectonic inversion of the Danube Basin (western Slovakia). The succession was formed by a wandering river with minor preservation of proximal floodplain muds. The frequent occurrence of [...]