Preprints
There are 6243 Preprints listed.
Thermal forcing expected to modulate convection in a mechanically forced stationary wave
Published: 2022-08-17
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This is a reply to the comment by Lofverstrom and Thirumalai on our publication in Nature. That comment and this reply underwent peer review at Nature, and Nature declined to publish the exchange
Fighting symptom or root cause? - The need for shifting the focus in climate politics from greenhouse gases to environmental protection
Published: 2022-08-17
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Sustainability
Addressing the environmental crisis requires a substantial change of our current lifestyle. Yet, in media coverage and political communication, climate change has taken the lead over other aspects such as biodiversity loss and one may sometimes get the impression that reducing greenhouse gas emissions is fighting the root cause itself. The atmosphere, however, does not respond linearly to our [...]
Total factor productivity in the INTA Chinandega rice variety
Published: 2022-08-16
Subjects: Agriculture
The study focused on measuring the impact of the INTA-Chinandega rice variety on the rate of production increase in 40 farms in the North Pacific region of Nicaragua. Data from INTA Pacific North was used and covered the 7 production cycles. The DEA approach was used as a non-parametric programming method to calculate the Malmquist productivity indices. The results showed that the INTA Chinandega [...]
Consumption Ozone-Depleting Substances Impact in Central American GDAP: An Input Oriented Malmquist DEA Index
Published: 2022-08-16
Subjects: Life Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences
This study measures the impact of consumption Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODS) on the Gross Domestic Agricultural Product (GDAP) of the Central American Countries. The methodology used is a non-parametric program under Data Envelopment Analyze (DEA) with the Malmquist indices methods. The DEA methodology permits defining the technology bound or performance. It discomposes the total factor [...]
Distinct roles of cyclones and anticyclones in setting the midwinter minimum of the North Pacific eddy activity. Part II: Eulerian eddy statistics and energetics
Published: 2022-08-14
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences
The characteristics and dynamics of midlatitude storm-tracks have been long investigated. Nevertheless, our understandings of the storm-tracks, especially the midwinter minimum of the North Pacific storm-track activity, are still limited, partly because Eulerian eddy statistics are incapable of separating cyclonic and anticyclonic contributions. Here we investigate the detailed seasonal evolution [...]
Data mining by watching old documentary TV programs to learn about the relationships between people’s lives and the landscape in Sakha in the perestroika era at the end of the 1980s
Published: 2022-08-14
Subjects: Geography
To accurately evaluate the spatiotemporal variability of ecosystem functions and services, as well as biodiversity, under a rapidly changing climate and shifting anthropogenic activities, it is an important but challenging task to retrieve information about past relationships among society, people’s lives, and the landscape. We watched documentary TV programs broadcast by the Japanese public [...]
DNA sequencing, microbial sensors, and the discovery of buried mineral resources
Published: 2022-08-14
Subjects: Life Sciences
New mineral resources are critical to both sustaining human population growth and technological improvements that will enable global decarbonization. New and innovative exploration technologies that enable detection of deeply buried mineralization and host rocks are required to meet these demands. Here we show that DNA amplicon sequencing of soil microbial communities resolves anomalies in [...]
Algorithm theoretical basis document for GEDI footprint aboveground biomass density
Published: 2022-08-14
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) lidar is a multibeam laser altimeter on the International Space Station (ISS). GEDI is the first spaceborne instrument designed to measure vegetation height and to quantify aboveground carbon stocks in temperate and tropical forests and woodlands. This document describes the algorithm theoretical basis underpinning the development of the GEDI [...]
Understanding recent tropospheric ozone trends in the context of large internal variability: A new perspective from chemistry-climate model ensembles
Published: 2022-08-13
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Observational records of meteorological and chemical variables are imprinted by an unknown combination of anthropogenic activity, natural forcings, and internal variability. With a 15-member initial-condition ensemble generated from the CESM2-WACCM6 chemistry-climate model for 1950-2014, we extract signals of anthropogenic (‘forced’) change from the noise of internally arising climate [...]
Validating mechanistic models of fluid displacement during imbibition
Published: 2022-08-11
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Pore-scale modelling is an important tool to improve our understanding of multiphase flow in porous media. Slow fluid invasion is commonly modelled using quasi-static pore network models (PNM). These models simulate the invasion in a network of simplified pores and throats by invading network elements in order of the quasi-static “invasion” capillary pressure needed for the invading fluid to [...]
A note on climate science and climate policy
Published: 2022-08-11
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A short note on climate science and climate policy, discussing planning vs acting, and the differences between decision making and regret under uncertainty and in a deterministic environment.
Geomorphological indicators
Published: 2022-08-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Several physical, chemical, and biological processes shape coastal environments close to sea level. Acting through time, these processes create a variety of coastal landforms. When found outside their environment of formation, these landforms can be used by geoscientists as geomorphological indicators of former relative sea levels. In this chapter, we outline the main processes acting on coastal [...]
Majority of 21st century global irrigation expansion has been in water stressed regions
Published: 2022-08-10
Subjects: Agriculture, Spatial Science, Sustainability
The expansion of irrigated agriculture has increased global crop production but resulted in widespread stress to freshwater resources. Ensuring that increases in irrigated production only occur in places where water is relatively abundant is a key objective of sustainable agriculture, and knowledge of how irrigated land has evolved is important for measuring progress towards water sustainability. [...]
Double surface rupture and hydraulic recharge of a three-fault system during the Mw 4.9 earthquake of 11 November 2019 at Le Teil (France)
Published: 2022-08-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing
The Mw 4.9 earthquake of 11 November 2019 at Le Teil (France) occurred at a very shallow depth (about 1 km) inducing the surface rupture of La Rouvière fault, nearby of a limestone quarry. Thanks to satellite differential interferometry, we detected the existence of the secondary surface rupture of the quasi-parallel Bayne Rocherenard fault. A newly processed seismic cross-section allowed us to [...]
SubZero: A Sea Ice Model with an Explicit Representation of the Floe Life Cycle
Published: 2022-08-09
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Sea ice dynamics exhibit granular behavior as individual floes and fracture networks become particularly evident at length scales O(10--100) km and smaller. However, climate models do not resolve floes and represent sea ice as a continuum, while existing floe-scale sea ice models tend to oversimplify floes using discrete elements of predefined simple shapes. The idealized nature of climate and [...]