Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Simultaneous Inference of Plate Boundary Stresses and Mantle Rheology Using Adjoints: Large-Scale Two-Dimensional Models
Published: 2021-11-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing
Plate motions are a primary surface constraint on plate and mantle dynamics and rheology, plate boundary stresses, and the occurrence of great earthquakes. Within an optimization method, we use plate motion data to better constrain uncertain mantle parameters. For the optimization problem characterizing the maximum a posteriori rheological parameters we derive gradients using adjoints and [...]
Fire and water: contaminants and clearance following uncontrolled fires
Published: 2021-11-08
Subjects: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology
There is a growing body of evidence surrounding the implications of uncontrolled bushfires and wildfires on water. This topic has importance from an ecological perspective, and significance for human health as it has consequences for drinking water quality and supply. Against the backdrop of climate change, it is especially important to holistically understand the impact of fire on water. This [...]
Open access in geochemistry from preprints to data sharing: past, present and future
Published: 2021-11-08
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Cosmochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Volcanology
In this short communication, we discuss the latest advances regarding Open Access in the Earth Sciences and geochemistry community from preprints to findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable data following 14f session held at Goldschmidt conference (4-9 July 2021) dedicated to “Open Access in Earth Sciences”.
LaserTRAM-DB: A Time Resolved Analysis Module for the complete reduction of Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry data
Published: 2021-11-09
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
LaserTRAM-DB is a dashboard for the complete processing pipeline of Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) data in complex materials such as geologic samples. As LA-ICP- MS data in geologic samples frequently have multiple phases, inclusions, and other compositional complexities within them that do not represent the material of interest, user interaction is [...]
PbIso: an R package and web app for calculating and plotting Pb isotope data
Published: 2021-11-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The package PbIso is a free and open R toolbox for commonly used calculations and plots of Pb-Pb isotope data and for generating Pb evolution models. In this paper, we review Pb isotope systematics and the calculations that are commonly used, such as model age, model source
Sedimentological data-driven bottom friction parameter estimation in modelling Bristol Channel tidal dynamics
Published: 2021-11-09
Subjects: Oceanography, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Accurately representing the bottom friction effect is a significant challenge in numerical tidal models. Bottom friction effects are commonly defined via parameter estimation techniques. However, the bottom friction coefficient (BFC) can be related to the roughness of the sea bed. Therefore, sedimentological data can be beneficial in estimating BFCs. Taking the Bristol Channel and Severn Estuary [...]
The origin of tree-ring reconstructed summer cooling in Northern Europe during the 18th century eruption of Laki
Published: 2021-11-09
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Basaltic fissure eruptions, which are characteristic of Icelandic volcanism, are extremely hazardous due to the large quantities of gases and aerosols they release into the atmosphere. The 1783 --1784 CE Laki eruption was one of the most significant high-latitude eruptions in the last millennium and had substantial environmental and climatic impacts. Contemporary observations recorded the [...]
Massive-Parallel Trajectory Calculations version 2.2 (MPTRAC-2.2): Lagrangian transport simulations on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs)
Published: 2021-11-10
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Computer Sciences, Meteorology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Lagrangian models are fundamental tools to study atmospheric transport processes and for practical applications such as dispersion modeling for anthropogenic and natural emission sources. However, conducting large-scale Lagrangian transport simulations with millions of air parcels or more can become numerically rather costly. In this study, we assessed the potential of exploiting graphics [...]
Streamlined subglacial bedform sensitivity to bed characteristics across the deglaciated Northern Hemisphere
Published: 2021-11-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Glaciology
Streamlined subglacial bedforms observed in deglaciated landscapes provide the opportunity to assess the sensitivity of glacier dynamics to bed characteristics across broader spatiotemporal scales than is possible for contemporary glacial systems. While many studies of streamlined subglacial bedforms rely on manual mapping and qualitative (i.e., visual) assessment, we semi-automatically identify [...]
Insights into the mixing efficiency of submesoscale Centrifugal-Symmetric instabilities
Published: 2021-11-11
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Submesoscale processes provide a pathway for energy to transfer from the balanced circulation to turbulent dissipation. One class of submesoscale phenomena that has been shown to be particularly effective at removing energy from the balanced flow are centrifugal-symmetric instabilities (CSIs), which grow via geostrophic shear production. CSIs have been observed to generate significant mixing in [...]
The future of Alpine Run-of-River hydropower production: climate change, environmental flow requirements, and technical production potential
Published: 2021-11-11
Subjects: Engineering
Past studies on the impacts of climate change (CC) on Alpine hydropower production have focused on high-head accumulation power plants. We provide one of the first comprehensive, simulation-based studies on CC impacts on Alpine Run-of-River (RoR) production, also considering effects of environmental flow requirements and technical increase potential. We simulate future electricity production [...]
Elastoplastic constitutive behavior and strain localization of a low-porosity sandstone during brittle fracturing
Published: 2021-11-12
Subjects: Engineering, Mechanics of Materials
We investigated the elastoplastic behavior and strain localization of the Zigong sandstone (porosity: 6.5%) during brittle fracturing based on two series of axisymmetric compression experiments. The experiments were conducted under various confining pressures (σ3 = 0 ~ 80 MPa). For each confining pressure, the sandstone specimens were deformed under constant axial and circumferential strain [...]
Stable Silicon Isotopes Uncover a Mineralogical Control on the Benthic Silicon Cycle in the Arctic Barents Sea
Published: 2021-11-12
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Soil Science
Biogeochemical cycling of silicon (Si) in the Barents Sea is under considerable pressure from physical and chemical changes, including dramatic warming and sea ice retreat, together with a decline in dissolved silicic acid (DSi) concentrations of Atlantic inflow waters since 1990. Moreover, further expansion of the Atlantic realm (termed ‘Atlantification’) is expected to shift phytoplankton [...]
The Influence of Grain Shape and Size on the Relationship Between Porosity and Permeability in Sandstone
Published: 2021-11-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology
An accurate and reliable description of the relationship between porosity and permeability in geological materials is valuable in understanding subsurface fluid movement. This is of great importance for studies of reservoir characterisation, useful for energy exploitation, carbon capture, use and storage (CCUS) and groundwater contamination and remediation. Whilst the relationship between pore [...]
Modeling Volcano-Magmatic Systems: Workshop Report for the Modeling Collaboratory for Subduction Research Coordination Network
Published: 2021-11-12
Subjects: Volcanology
This document summarizes the outcomes of the Modeling Collaboratory for Subduction Zone Science (MCS) Volcanic Systems Workshop and presents a vision for advancing collaborative modeling of volcano-magmatic systems. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has identified 161 potentially active volcanoes in the United States and its territories, of which 57 are considered to be high or very high [...]