Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Denudation partitioning in carbonate regions reveal climatic and tectonic drivers of carbonate landscape evolution
Published: 2022-03-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Carbonate rocks are highly reactive and presumably have higher ratios of chemical weathering to total denudation relative to most other rock types. Their high chemical reactivity affects the first-order morphology of carbonate-dominated landscapes and their sensitivity to climate. However, there have been few efforts to quantify the partitioning of denudation into physical erosion and chemical [...]
CCC - integrated multiscale study of salt cavern abandonment in the Netherlands
Published: 2022-03-24
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Materials Science and Engineering, Mineral Physics, Mining Engineering, Other Earth Sciences, Tectonics and Structure
The KEM-17 project of the Dutch State Supervision of Mines presented a critical review of concepts of cavern abandonment and related science. It recommended that analyses of cavern abandonment are done as an integrated project, addressing (i) micro-scale physical processes, (ii) cavern scale models based on field scale experiments and numerical models, (iii) the salt dome scale, to model the far [...]
A consistent mass-conserving C-staggered method for shallow water equations on global reduced grids
Published: 2022-03-25
Subjects: Numerical Analysis and Computation
The increasing number of cores in modern supercomputers motivated the search for methods with better scalability to model the atmospheric dynamics in global weather forecasting and climate simulations. This objective renewed the interest in grid-point schemes with quasi-uniform spherical grids, with each alternative providing some good properties and some disadvantages. Here, we target reduced [...]
Eavesdropping at the speed of light: distributed acoustic sensing of baleen whales in the Arctic
Published: 2022-03-22
Subjects: Marine Biology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Signal Processing
In a post-industrial whaling world, flagship and charismatic baleen whale species are indicators of the health of our oceans. However, traditional monitoring methods provide spatially and temporally undersampled data to evaluate and mitigate the impacts of increasing climatic and anthropogenic pressures for conservation. Here we present the first case of wildlife monitoring using distributed [...]
Mid- to Late Neoproterozoic Development and Provenance of the Adelaide Superbasin
Published: 2022-03-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure
Late Tonian sequences of the Adelaide Superbasin were witness to the birth of the proto-Pacific Ocean during the breakup of Rodinia. Understanding the sedimentology and provenance of these rocks from across the basin is key to understanding their deposition over c. 70 million years, the local palaeogeography, and leads to a better understanding of the early development of the proto-Pacific Ocean. [...]
A state estimate of Siberian summer temperature and moisture availability during the Last Glacial Maximum combining pollen records and climate simulations
Published: 2022-03-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ~21.000 years before present) was a period with significantly lower global mean temperature, large Northern Hemisphere ice sheets, and low CO2 concentrations. Unlike other high-latitude areas, Siberia was not covered by a terrestrial ice sheet. Climate simulations with LGM boundary conditions show large inter-model differences especially in Northern Siberia, which [...]
A source model for earthquakes near the nucleation dimension
Published: 2022-03-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Earthquake self-similarity is a controversial topic, both observationally and theoretically. Theory predicts a finite nucleation dimension, implying a break of self-similarity below a certain magnitude. While observations of non self-similar earthquake behavior have been reported, their interpretation is challenging due to trade-offs between source and path effects and assumptions on the [...]
800,000 years of abrupt climate variability
Published: 2022-04-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We construct an 800 kyr synthetic record of Greenland climate variability based on the thermal bipolar seesaw model. Our Greenland analogue reproduces much of the variability seen in the Greenland ice cores over the last 100 kyr. We also find a strong similarity with the absolutely-dated speleothem record from China, allowing us to place ice core records within an absolute timeframe for the last [...]
Geochronology and formal stratigraphy of the Sturtian Glaciation in the Adelaide Superbasin
Published: 2022-03-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
The glaciogenic nature of the Yudnamutana Subgroup was first recognized over a century ago, and its global significance was recognized shortly after, with the eventual postulation of a global Sturtian Glaciation and Snowball Earth theory. Much debate on the origin and timing of these rocks, locally and globally, has ensued in the years since. A significant corpus of research on the lithology, [...]
Controls on surface warming by winter Arctic moist intrusions in idealized large-eddy simulations
Published: 2022-03-25
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The main energy input to the polar regions in winter is the advection of warm, moist air from lower latitudes. This makes the polar climate sensitive to the temperature and moisture of extra-polar air. Here, we study this sensitivity from an air-mass transformation perspective. We perform simulations of an idealized maritime air mass brought into contact with sea ice employing a three-dimensional [...]
Unexpected space weather causing the reentry of 38 Starlink satellites in February 2022
Published: 2022-03-25
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The accidental reentry of 38 Starlink satellites occurred in early February, 2022, associated with the occurrence of moderate magnetic storms. Poorly understood structure of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) caused the magnetic storms at unexpected timing. Better understanding of minor CME structures is therefore necessary for modern space weather forecast. The "up to 50%" enhancement of air drag [...]
Structural relationships in and around the Rheasilvia basin on Vesta
Published: 2022-03-25
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Rheasilvia basin is an impact structure occupying most of Vesta’s southern hemisphere. Divalia Fossae, a set of circum-equatorial troughs, were previously proposed to be concentric around the basin, which is widely regarded as evidence that the Rheasilvia impact directly caused the formation of the troughs. Here, we produce a structural map of Rheasilvia that allows for geologic [...]
The long-run welfare impact of hydrological extremes in sub-Saharan Africa
Published: 2022-03-25
Subjects: Environmental Studies, Human Geography, Hydrology
The economic impact of dry and wet spells is increasingly investigated, also relative to anthropogenic climate change. Combining high-resolution wealth estimates and long-run (1901-2018) hydrological records for nearly one million settlements , here we empirically estimate the long-run welfare impact of hydrological events in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). To achieve causal identification, we adopt a [...]
Aerosol-rainfall relationship over the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region from observations
Published: 2022-03-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Water is an essential element of life and rainfall. The amount of rainfall directly affects the spatial and temporal distribution of water resources on the Earth. Rainfall has direct impact on agricultural production, daily life activities, and human health. Atmospheric aerosols are essential for rainfall formation; therefore, understanding how dust compositions and distributions affect the [...]
Nanogenerators: A new paradigm in blue energy-harvesting
Published: 2022-03-26
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The depletion of natural energy sources demands non-conventional efficient alternatives with sustainable utility. The outstanding performance of nanomaterials resolves the energy scarcity issue through the introduction of small-scale, energy-harvesting devices, called nanogenerators. A nanogenerator is an ambient energy-harvester with exotic features of being a lightweight, sustainable and [...]