Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Dislocation and disclination densities in experimentally deformed polycrystalline olivine
Published: 2022-10-15
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We report a comprehensive dataset characterizing and quantifying the dislocation density in the crystallographic frame (ρ_α^c) and disclination density (ρ_θ) in fine-grained polycrystalline olivine deformed in uniaxial compression or torsion, at 1000 °C and 1200 °C, under a confining pressure of 300 MPa. Finite strains range from 0.11 up to 8.6 % and stresses reach up to 1073 MPa. The data set is [...]
A Global-Scale Characterization of Streamflow Extremes
Published: 2022-10-12
Subjects: Engineering
The increasing risk of floods across the globe needs focused attention because of the extensive damage to human lives and economy. A comprehensive understanding of its causative factors is of vital importance. Yet catchment characterization studies are generally limited to case studies or regional domains. A comprehensive global characterization is currently unavailable, which requires collecting [...]
The cryptic stratigraphic record of the syn- to post-rift transition in the offshore Campos Basin, SE Brazil
Published: 2022-10-12
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Rift basins typically comprise three main tectono-stratigraphic stages; pre-, syn-, and post-rift. The syn-rift stage is often characterised by the deposition of asymmetric wedges of growth strata that record differential subsidence caused by active normal faulting. The subsequent post-rift stage is defined by long-wavelength subsidence driven by lithospheric cooling, and is typified by the [...]
Sedimentologika: a community-driven diamond open access journal in sedimentology
Published: 2022-10-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Library and Information Science, Sedimentology
Sedimentologika is a community-driven Diamond Open Access (DOA) scientific journal for the publication of work in the broad area of sedimentology and stratigraphy. The journal aims to provide the academic community and society a platform guaranteeing permanent free publication and free access to peer-reviewed scientific studies focusing on all types of sedimentary processes, deposits, and [...]
On spatially correlated observations in a particle method for subsidence estimation
Published: 2022-10-13
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The particle method is an ensemble-based data assimilation method for state- and parameter estimation in a quasi-static problem. We apply the particle method in two different experiments with models of increasing complexity. The first model, which calculates subsidence for a single observation point due to a single source of strain, considers uncorrelated parameters and observations. In the [...]
Optimising Renewable Generation Configurations of Off-Grid Green Ammonia Production Systems considering Haber-Bosch Flexibility
Published: 2022-10-12
Subjects: Engineering
Green ammonia has received increasing interest for its potential as an energy carrier in the international trade of renewable power. This paper considers Australia’s prospects for green ammonia production from an exporter’s perspective by highlighting Australia’s competitive advantage in renewable resource quality and seasonal complementarity to its potential trade buyers. Although renewable [...]
Harnessing hyperspectral imagery to map surface water presence and hyporheic flow properties of headwater stream networks
Published: 2022-10-15
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Growth and contraction of headwater stream networks determine the extent and quality of ecologically critical habitat, and open a window into the storage dynamics of catchments. A fundamental challenge is observation of the process itself: wetted channel extent is highly dynamic in space and time, with the length of wetted channel sometimes varying by orders of magnitude over the course of a [...]
Inclination and heterogeneity of layered geological sequences influence dike-induced ground deformation
Published: 2022-10-15
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Constraints on the amount and pattern of ground deformation induced by dike emplacement are important for assessing potential eruptions. The vast majority of ground deformation inversions made for volcano monitoring during volcanic unrest assume that dikes are emplaced in either an elastic-half space (a homogeneous crust) or a crust made of horizontal layers with different mechanical properties. [...]
New reference materials, analytical procedures, and data reduction strategies for Sr isotope measurements in geological materials by LA-MC-ICP-MS
Published: 2022-10-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Laser ablation multi-collector mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) has emerged as the technique of choice for in situ measurements of Sr isotopes in geological minerals. However, the method poses analytical challenges and there is no widely adopted standardised approach to collecting these data or correcting the numerous potential isobaric inferences. Here, we outline practical analytical procedures [...]
Trait-based modeling revealed higher microbial diversity leads to greater ecological resilience in response to an ecosystem disturbance
Published: 2022-10-15
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Life Sciences, Microbiology, Oceanography, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sustainability, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology
To quantitatively understand the ecological resilience of an ecosystem with specialized habitats, we focused on deep-sea microbial communities and simulated the response of diverse microbes in specialized habitats to a pulse ecosystem disturbance - the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Two microbial communities with equivalent metabolic libraries were acclimated to the presence [...]
Fault Friction Derived from Fault Bend Influence on Coseismic Slip During the 2019 Ridgecrest Mw 7.1 Mainshock
Published: 2022-10-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
The variation of stress on faults is important for our understanding of fault friction and the dynamics of earthquake ruptures. However, we still have little observational constraints on their absolute magnitude, or their variations in space and in time over the seismic cycle. Here we use a new geodetic imaging technique to measure the 3D coseismic slip vectors along the 2019 Ridgecrest surface [...]
Holocene deglaciation and glacier readvances on the Fildes Peninsula and King George Island (Isla 25 de Mayo), South Shetland Islands, NW Antarctic Peninsula
Published: 2022-10-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
To provide insights into glacier-climate dynamics of the South Shetland Islands (SSI), NW Antarctic Peninsula, we present a new deglaciation and readvance model for the Bellingshausen Ice Cap (BIC) on Fildes Peninsula and for King George Island/Isla 25 de Mayo (KGI) ~62°S. Deglaciation on KGI began after c. 15 ka cal BP and had progressed to within present-day limits on the Fildes Peninsula, its [...]
Integrated field, model, and theoretical advances inform a predictive understanding of transport and transformation in the critical zone
Published: 2022-10-26
Subjects: Hydrology
Dr. Kamini Singha’s work has been transformative in advancing our predictive understanding of transport and transformation in Earth’s critical zone. She integrates empirical, numerical, and theoretical advances at scales spanning individual pores to regional aquifers, and works seamlessly across disciplines to connect otherwise disparate fields. Her work has both applied and basic research [...]
Efficient Estimation of Climate State and Its Uncertainty Using Kalman Filtering with Application to Policy Thresholds and Volcanism
Published: 2022-10-18
Subjects: Longitudinal Data Analysis and Time Series, Non-linear Dynamics, Planetary Sciences, Statistical Models
We present the Energy Balance Model – Kalman Filter (EBM-KF), a hybrid model projecting and assimilating the global mean surface temperature (GMST) and ocean heat content anomaly (OHCA). It combines an annual energy balance model (difference equations) with 17 parameters drawn from the literature and a statistical Extended Kalman Filter assimilating GMST and OHCA, either observed timeseries or [...]
Strategies for making geoscience PhD recruitment more equitable
Published: 2022-10-28
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Education, Outdoor Education, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Doctoral study is a crucial part of the academic pipeline, but discriminatory admissions procedures disproportionately impact students from ethnic minority backgrounds. We examine how doctoral recruitment policies contribute to inequity in the geosciences and propose improvements for change.