Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Influence of macrophytes on stratification and dissolved oxygen dynamics in ponds
Published: 2022-09-24
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Hydrology, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology
1. Small waterbodies are sensitive to stressors such as nutrient enrichment and heatwaves. However, when present, macrophytes may mediate these compounding stressors through their influence on water column thermal structure. Canopy-forming macrophyte beds can induce thermal stratification, which may limit the depth and degree of water column warming during heatwaves. 2. We leveraged an ecosystem [...]
All aboard! Earth system investigations with the CH2O-CHOO TRAIN v1.0
Published: 2022-09-24
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Models of the carbon cycle and climate on geologic (>10^4 year) timescales have improved tremendously in the last 50 years due to parallel advances in our understanding of the Earth system and the increase in computing power to simulate its key processes. Despite these advances, balancing the Earth System's vast complexity with a model's computational expense is a primary challenge in model [...]
CloudSEN12 - a global dataset for semantic understanding of cloud and cloud shadow in Sentinel-2
Published: 2022-09-24
Subjects: Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Accurately characterizing clouds and their shadows is a long-standing problem in the Earth Observation community. Recent works showcase the necessity to improve cloud detection methods for imagery acquired by the Sentinel-2 satellites. However, the lack of consensus and transparency in existing reference datasets hampers the benchmarking of current cloud detection methods. Exploiting the [...]
A Systematic Review of Deep Learning Applications in Streamflow Data Augmentation and Forecasting
Published: 2022-09-26
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Engineering
The volume and variety of Earth data have increased as a result of growing attention to climate change and, subsequently, the availability of large-scale sensor networks and remote sensing instruments. This data has been an important resource for data-driven studies to generate practical knowledge and services, support environmental modeling and forecasting needs, and transform climate and earth [...]
STEEP: a remotely-sensed energy balance model for evapotranspiration estimation in seasonally dry tropical forests
Published: 2022-09-27
Subjects: Hydrology, Meteorology
Improvement of evapotranspiration (ET) estimates using remote sensing (RS) products based on multispectral and thermal sensors has been a breakthrough in hydrological research. In large-scale applications, methods that use the approach of RS-based surface energy balance (SEB) models often rely on oversimplifications. The use of these models for Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests (SDTF) has been [...]
Eocene/Oligocene global disruption and the revolution of Caribbean mangroves
Published: 2022-09-27
Subjects: Life Sciences
In a recent paper, the author demonstrated that, in contrast with the prevailing view of eventual gradual regional differentiation from a hypothetical Cretaceous pantropical mangrove belt around the Tethys Sea, the Caribbean mangroves originated de novo in the Eocene after the evolutionary appearance of the first mangrove-forming tree species known for the region, the ancestor of the extant [...]
Taxon cycles in Neotropical mangroves
Published: 2022-09-27
Subjects: Life Sciences
The concept of taxon cycle involves successive range expansions and contractions over time through which a species can maintain indefinitely its core distribution. Otherwise, it becomes extinct. A typical taxon cycle can be subdivided into four stages: (I) expansion, (II) population differentiation, (III) local extinction and incipient speciation (eventually initiating a new cycle), and (IV) [...]
A critical review of the sedimentary record of the `Millennium Eruption' of Changbaishan/Paektu-san volcano
Published: 2022-09-29
Subjects: Education
The `Millennium Eruption’ of Changbaishan/Paektu-san Volcano, situated today on border between the People's Republic of China and Democratic People's Republic of Korea, ranks as one of the largest eruptions of the Common Era. Dated to 946 CE, its tephra deposits represent a critical marker spanning terrestrial and marine archives, as well as the glacial record of Greenland. Its geographically [...]
Comparative study of alteration sequences in pegmatitic aluminium phosphates
Published: 2022-09-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Mineral Physics, Other Earth Sciences
Aluminium phosphates are mineral phases commonly occurring in rare-element pegmatites that record initial magmatic crystallization, metasomatic and hydrothermal replacements and precipitation and low-temperature alteration. Here we perform a comparative mineralogical study between several localities to assess similarities and variations in these parageneses and establish a general alteration [...]
The Asymmetric Distribution of Rainfall Frequency and Amounts in India
Published: 2022-09-29
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering
Studies of rainfall usually focus on the total amount precipitating throughout a certain period. Compared to rain rates associated with extreme events, the rain rates associated with the most frequent events is understudied. In this study, the characteristics of daily precipitation in India are explored using two metrics - rain frequency peak (the most frequent non-zero rain rate) and rain amount [...]
Geochemical mapping by unmixing alluvial sediments: An example from northern Australia
Published: 2022-10-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geochemistry, Geomorphology, Natural Resource Economics, Sedimentology, Soil Science, Water Resource Management
Alluvial sediments have long been used in geochemical surveys as their compositions are assumed to be representative of areas upstream. Overbank and floodplain sediments, in particular, are increasingly used for regional to continental-scale geochemical mapping. However, during downstream transport, sediments from heterogeneous source regions are carried away from their source regions and mixed. [...]
Modeling Stratospheric Polar Vortex Variation and Identifying Vortex Extremes Using Explainable Machine Learning
Published: 2022-10-01
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The winter stratospheric polar vortex (SPV) exhibits considerable variability in magnitude and structure, which can result in extreme SPV events. These extremes can subsequently influence weather in the troposphere from weeks to months and thus are important sources of surface predictability. However, the predictability of the SPV extreme events is limited to 1-2 weeks in state-of-the-art [...]
Global groundwater warming
Published: 2022-10-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Aquifers contain the largest store of unfrozen freshwater, making groundwater critical for life on Earth. Groundwater temperatures infl uence stream thermal regimes, groundwater-dependent ecosystems, aquatic biogeochemical processes, water quality, and the geothermal potential. Yet little is known about how groundwater responds to surface warming across spatial and temporal scales. We simulate [...]
Bayesian inference on the initiation phase of the 2014 Iquique, Chile, earthquake
Published: 2022-10-03
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We investigate the initiation phase of the 2014 Mw8.1 Iquique earthquake in northern Chile. In particular, we focus on the month preceding the mainshock, a time period known to exhibit an intensification of the seismic and aseismic activity in the region. The goal is to estimate the time-evolution and partitioning of seismic and aseismic slip during the preparatory phase of the mainshock. To do [...]
LancasterAQ: A High Resolution Street Level Dataset of Ultrafine Particles
Published: 2022-10-03
Subjects: Other Earth Sciences
We present a mobile dataset of ultrafine particles (UFPs) in Lancaster, UK, with measurements taken by car and bike over 5 days in May 2022. UFPs are a constituent of air pollution and comprise of particulate matter (PM) less than 0.1μm in diameter. UFPs are unregulated and less measured than larger constituents of PM, despite being harmful to health and an important part of the atmospheric and [...]