Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Predictive modeling of seismic wave fields: Learning the transfer function using encoder-decoder networks
Published: 2024-11-30
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Wouldn't it be beneficial if we could predict the time series at a seismic station even if the station no longer exists? In geophysical data analysis, this capability would enhance our ability to study and monitor seismic events and seismic noise, particularly in regions with incomplete station coverage or where stations are temporarily offline. This study introduces a novel adaption of [...]
Modelling glacier mass balance and runoff in the Kaskawulsh River headwaters of southwest Yukon, Canada, 1980-2022
Published: 2024-11-30
Subjects: Glaciology, Hydrology
The highly-glacierized headwaters of the Kaskawulsh River are home to 9% of all glacier ice in Yukon, Canada, have been losing glacier mass at regionally representative rates, and were the source of a sudden meltwater-rerouting event in 2016 that has had significant downstream consequences. We use an enhanced temperature-index melt model driven by downscaled and bias-corrected climate reanalysis [...]
Machine Learning Predicts Pedestrian Wind Flow from Urban Morphology and Prevailing Wind Direction
Published: 2024-11-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Pedestrian-level wind plays a critical role in shaping the urban microclimate and is significantly influenced by urban form and geometry. The most common method for determining spatial wind speed patterns in cities relies on numerical computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, which resolve Navier-Stokes equations around buildings. While effective, these simulations are computationally [...]
Geoscience for Earth Stewardship, Sustainability and Human Well-being: a conceptual framework for integrating planet, prosperity and people
Published: 2024-12-02
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
There is a growing view that the mission of the Earth sciences ought to be reframed around the global sustainability agenda, and specifically the grand challenges of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Yet the SDGs are criticised for lacking a coherent sense of the complex interconnections and synergies between its economic, environmental and social ambitions, for maintaining the impetus of [...]
WITHDRAWN: Green-Oriented Transition of the Manufacturing in the Digital Economy: A System Dynamics Perspective
Published: 2024-12-04
Subjects: Environmental Studies
withdrawn.
Spaceborne canopy height products should be complemented with airborne laser scanning data: Towards a European canopy height model
Published: 2024-12-04
Subjects: Life Sciences
Measuring and mapping vegetation structure is essential for understanding the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems and for informing environmental policies. Recent years have seen a growing demand for high-resolution data on vegetation structure, driving their prediction at fine resolutions (1 m - 30 m) at state, continental, and global spatial extents by combining satellite data with machine [...]
A Millimeter-Scale Change in Leaf Litter Placement Within Soil-Water Interfaces Alters Carbon Dioxide and Methane Emission
Published: 2024-12-04
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geochemistry, Soil Science, Sustainability
Flooded soils play a critical role in global carbon cycling, serving as significant reservoirs of soil organic carbon and sources of carbon emissions. Leaf litter, particularly from local vegetation, is a major contributor to soil organic carbon formation in these ecosystems, with its decomposition driving the production of carbon dioxide and methane. While numerous studies have investigated the [...]
Smoke in your eyes: Investigating the effects of wind power on weather trends and climate using time series analysis
Published: 2024-12-04
Subjects: Climate
Time series analysis developed in the previous report [1] for UK mean summer temperature has been applied to further examples of weather trends, including temperature, rainfall and Sahara dust, and so at global, regional, national and local levels, in an attempt to assess whether wind power is having a deleterious effect on weather patterns. The analysis involves detrending weather data by [...]
Comprehensive global dataset of 300,000 uniformly processed shear-wave splitting measurements with regular updates
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Seismic anisotropy can inform us about convective flow in the mantle. Shear waves traveling through azimuthally anisotropic regions split into fast and slow pulses, and measuring the resulting shear-wave splitting provides some of the most direct insights into Earth’s interior dynamics. Shear-wave splitting is a constraint for path-averaged azimuthal anisotropy and is often studied regionally, [...]
Innovation-based Methods for Estimating Observation Error Variances During Ensemble Data Assimilation
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Easing population to 4 billion by 2200 would help people and nature
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Environmental Studies
The past century of increases in human population and resource consumption has produced some undesirable effects, ranging from environmental degradation to climate change to political unrest. We are accustomed to seeing these dependent variables charted with time on the x-axis. But this study presents metrics of biodiversity, consumption, and pollution and their extremely strong correlations when [...]
WMSAN Python Package: From Oceanic Forcing to Synthetic Cross-correlations of Microseismic Noise
Published: 2024-12-09
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Seismic ambient noise spectra show ubiquitously two amplitude peaks corresponding to distinct oceanic wave interaction mechanisms called primary (T≈ 14s) and secondary (T ≈ 7s) microseismic peaks. Seismic noise records are used in a wide range of applications, including crustal monitoring, imaging of the Earth’s deep interior using noise correlations, and studies on the coupling between oceans [...]
Tracking Drought Impacts from Texts: Towards AI-Assisted Drought Impact Detection
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology
Drought is recognized for its extensive and varied impacts. Based on the drought-related textual datasets from the National Drought Mitigation Center, our research applies advanced artificial intelligence techniques, including deep learning and natural language processing, to enhance the monitoring of multifaceted drought impacts in the United States. This study also delves into predicting [...]
Seismic Data Interpretation of the Rashidpur Anticline: Implications for Structural Analysis and Trapping Mechanisms
Published: 2024-12-07
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Rashidpur anticline, trending N-S, is a surface anticline with reverse faulting located in an area characterised by low hillocks. It is part of the youngest structural province along the western flank of the Indo-Burman Ranges, formed by the oblique subduction of the Indian plate beneath the Burmese plate. Many folds in the area are influenced by faults along their axes. Seismic transect [...]
Growing wildfire-derived PM2.5 across the contiguous U.S. and implications for air quality regulation
Published: 2024-12-09
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies
Growing wildfire activity across North America generates large amounts of smoke that can travel long distances. Characterizing the influence of this smoke on surface air quality is critical for regulation of air quality and protection of public health. Here we provide granular, daily estimates of smoke fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations across the contiguous U.S. and use them to [...]