Preprints
There are 6976 Preprints listed.
Interactions between buried mass-transport complexes and subsequent slope failures on a passive margin
Published: 2024-05-03
Subjects: Geology, Geomorphology, Sedimentology
Mass-transport complexes (MTCs) are common features on all continental margins, with stacked MTCs indicating repeated slope failure. This suggests MTC generation and emplacement may pre-condition a slope to fail again, although direct evidence for this is currently lacking. Determining the relationship between MTC development and slope stability is important, given its implications for [...]
Impact of data density and endmember definitions on long-term trends in ground cover fractions across European grasslands
Published: 2024-12-16
Subjects: Life Sciences
Long-term monitoring of grasslands is pivotal for ensuring continuity of many environmental services and for supporting food security and environmental modelling. Remote sensing provides an irreplaceable source of information for studying changes in grasslands. Specifically, Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA) allows for quantification of physically meaningful ground cover fractions of grassland [...]
Evaluation of Vegetation Bias in InSAR Time Series for Agricultural Areas within the San Joaquin Valley, CA
Published: 2024-12-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Agricultural regions present a particularly difficult set of challenges during interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) displacement time series analyses due to the existence of abrupt transitions in land use over short spatial scales and rapid temporal changes associated with different stages of the agricultural cycle. Plant growth and soil moisture changes can introduce phase biases [...]
The effects of stress gradients on faulting and dike emplacement, with applications to Santorini and Iceland
Published: 2024-12-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
All tectonic rock fractures develop in response to local stresses. The stress conditions for fracture formation has been analysed theoretically and experimentally and used to explain fracture patterns and activity in the field. How the local stresses themselves are generated, and then modified through fracture development, has received less attention. Here I show how local stress fields arise [...]
Projecting Global Changes in Land Use and Ecosystem Services Using SEALS (Spatial Economic Allocation Landscape Simulator)
Published: 2024-12-18
Subjects: Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Spatial Science, Statistical Models
Understanding how economic systems and ecosystems interact across space is crucial to ensure societal needs are met without compromising environmental quality. Spatially explicit economic models usually describe human activities and ensuing land-use dynamics at a resolution that this is too coarse (typically 10-1000 regions) to understand how these affect many biophysical processes, including [...]
Evaluating Temporal and Spatial Variations in Vegetation Coverage in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (2004-2023) Using kNDVI
Published: 2024-12-17
Subjects: Higher Education
The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR) is a crucial ecological zone in China, facing significant environmental challenges, particularly climate change. To better understand vegetation dynamics in this region, this study examines vegetation cover trends from 2004 to 2023 and identifies their driving factors using an innovative kernel-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (kNDVI) [...]
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) for Longwall Coal Mines
Published: 2024-12-19
Subjects: Engineering
Seismic monitoring of underground longwall mines can provide valuable information for managing coal burst risks and understanding the ground response to extraction. However, the underground longwall mine environment poses major challenges for traditional in-mine microseismic sensors including the restricted use of electronics due to potentially explosive atmospheres, the need to frequently and [...]
Impact of farm size on the function of landscape-level payments for ecosystem services: An agent-based model study
Published: 2024-12-18
Subjects: Environmental Health and Protection, Environmental Sciences, Sustainability
Reducing pesticide use and restoring biodiversity are among the most pressing environmental challenges. Enhancing natural pest control ecosystem services through the integration of non-crop habitats (NCH) offers promising potential, creating a positive feedback loop by harnessing insect biodiversity to reduce pesticide reliance. Policy support is needed at the landscape level to encourage [...]
Catastrophe risk models as quantitative tools for climate change loss and damage: A demonstration for flood in Malawi, Vietnam, and the Philippines
Published: 2024-12-18
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Climate change loss and damage is a critical part of the international climate policy framework,addressing the residual climate impacts that cannot be avoided through mitigation or adaptation,which disproportionately affect vulnerable communities with limited capacity to recover. Major gaps remain in quantifying loss and damage, including developing equitable, operational mechanisms for financing [...]
Delineating HCV forest areas using density analysis: it's not clear-cut
Published: 2024-12-18
Subjects: Natural Resources and Conservation
High conservation value (HCV) areas include natural habitats with high ecological, biological, social or cultural values. The use of spatial analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to identify HCV areas is more cost-efficient and less time consuming that field surveys. GIS-based approaches can also be necessary for identifying HCV areas in heterogeneous landscapes where, e.g., HCV [...]
Cambrian foreland phosphogenesis in the Khuvsgul Basin of Mongolia
Published: 2024-12-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure
Ediacaran-Cambrian phosphorite deposits in northern Mongolia have been associated with a putative increase in nutrient delivery to the global oceans that drove oxygenation and the rise of animals. However, like many phosphorites from this ~130 Myr interval, the precise age and depositional setting of these deposits remain poorly constrained. Here, we integrate new geological mapping, [...]
SC-PREC4SA: A serially complete daily precipitation dataset for South America
Published: 2024-12-18
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study introduces the serially complete precipitation dataset for South America (SC-PREC4SA), a daily precipitation dataset (1960-2015) designed to address observational gaps and ensure temporal consistency across diverse climates. The raw dataset underwent quality control, gap-filling, and homogenization procedures. Applied robust quality control highlighted common but also overlooked [...]
Temporal variation in counterclockwise vertical-axis block rotations across a rift overlap zone, southwestern Ethiopia, East Africa
Published: 2024-12-18
Subjects: Tectonics and Structure
The southward propagation of the southern Main Ethiopian Rift (sMER) and the northward propagation of the Kenya Rift have generated the Broadly Rifted Zone (BRZ), a ~40-km-wide region of extensional overlap between the Chew Bahir Basin-Gofa Province and the sMER. However, the tectonic interaction between these propagating rifts is not well-understood. We present new paleomagnetic and [...]
Heat Vulnerability Analysis And Mapping (HEVAM): Analysis of United States power grids vulnerability to climate changes
Published: 2024-12-20
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Power and Energy
The importance of the power grid under the energy sector umbrella is difficult to overstate, as it enables the function of nearly all critical infrastructure systems. The interconnected assets within electrical substations enable the function of our society and economy. With such a vast system of interconnected nodes, threats to the stability of this network come in many forms, from natural [...]
ESG mapping of the Australian mining sector – The state of play on mobilising spatial datasets for decision making
Published: 2024-12-19
Subjects: Life Sciences
The global energy transition will drive increased demand for a broad range of mined minerals.40 Australia is well positioned to support the global energy transition, given its mature mining sector41 and rich and diverse mineral resources. The potential growth in the mining sector represents an42 economic opportunity, however, navigating the associated environmental, social, and governance43 (ESG) [...]