Preprints
There are 6976 Preprints listed.
HydroLang FRAM: Web-Based Framework for Comprehensive Flood Risk and Mitigation Assessment and Communication
Published: 2025-01-01
Subjects: Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering
As the frequency and impact of floods continue to rise, real-time systems for assessment and sharing flood risk and mitigation information are crucial for proactive stakeholder engagement, effective decision-making, and public education on flood risks. This study introduces an innovative web-based framework designed to revolutionize access and utilization of flood information for flood risk and [...]
L-Band Radiometric Measurement of Liquid Water in Greenland's Firn: Comparative Analysis with In Situ Measurements and Modeling
Published: 2025-01-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology
The addition and refreezing of liquid water to Greenland's accumulation area are increasingly important processes for assessing the ice sheet’s present and future mass balance, but uncertain initial conditions, complex infiltration physics, and limited field data pose challenges. Satellite-based L-band radiometry offers a promising new tool for observing liquid water in the firn layer, although [...]
Internal Oscillations of Tropical Mesoscale Convective Disturbances
Published: 2024-12-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In real-world observations, long-lived tropical mesoscale convective disturbances (MCDs) often exhibit quasi-periodic variations. Previous studies suggested that these variations are mainly induced by external forcings. However, some studies showed evidence that tropical MCDs can display quasi-periodic behavior even without external forcings. In this study, a suite of idealized [...]
Chromium Isotopes: A Window into Atmospheric Oxygenation
Published: 2024-12-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Chromium (Cr) isotopes are pivotal proxies for understanding Earth’s atmospheric oxygenation history. This review highlights δ53Cr signatures as tools for reconstructing redox dynamics during events like the Great Oxidation Event (GOE) and the Neoproterozoic Oxygenation Event (NOE). Advances in analytical techniques, particularly multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry [...]
Sea level rise submergence simulations suggest substantial deterioration of Indian River Lagoon ecosystem services by 2050, Florida, U.S.A.
Published: 2025-01-03
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
The Indian River Lagoon is a 250-km-long Estuary of National Significance located along the east-central Florida coast of the USA. NOAA tidal data generated at a station located in the central reaches of the estuary indicate sea level rise has accelerated over the duration of record to an average of 9.6 ± 1.6 mm year−1 (2003–2022). It is expected to continue accelerating over the duration of this [...]
Contribution of AMOC Decline to Uncertainty in Global Warming via Ocean Heat Uptake and Climate Feedbacks
Published: 2024-12-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Climate models vary widely in projections of 21st century global warming and projections of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). However, the extent to which this uncertainty in AMOC contributes to uncertainty in warming has not yet been quantified. To investigate this, we perform climate model experiments that increase CO2 concentrations while imposing the range of AMOC [...]
Monthly Sea-Surface Temperature, Sea Ice, and Sea-Level Pressure over 1850–2023 from Coupled Data Assimilation
Published: 2025-01-03
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Historical observations of Earth's climate underpin our knowledge and predictions of climate variability and change. However, the observations are incomplete and uncertain, and existing datasets based on these observations typically do not assimilate observations simultaneously across different components of the climate system, yielding inconsistencies that limit understanding of coupled climate [...]
A Proposal to Create a Single Global Cap-and-Trade Scheme to Ensure a Ceiling on Gross CO2 Emissions below a Pre-set Allowable Carbon Budget
Published: 2025-01-03
Subjects: Environmental Studies
It is time for faithful and trustworthy world leaders to lead in establishing a “Global Cap-and-Trade regulatory framework” to change our course promptly. This framework aims to establish an institutional mechanism that ensures steadily decreasing global emission limits. The Scheme regulates upstream entities that import or produce fossil fuels, with the initiation of countries that share the [...]
Submarine fans in the Kribi-Campo sub-basin, offshore Cameroon: Geomorphology and stratigraphic evolution during the Late Cretaceous
Published: 2025-01-08
Subjects: Education
Evaluation of the InSightSeers and DART Boarders mission observer programmes
Published: 2025-01-05
Subjects: Education, Higher Education, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Planetary Sciences
Encouraging diversity in planetary science requires making a particular effort to bring a broader range of people onto the mission teams that are the backbone of the field. Observer programmes, which offer early-career researchers the chance to embed within a mission team during a science meeting, are one way of doing this. Here we present a quantitative analysis of the effectiveness of two [...]
The spatio-temporal variability, trends, and drivers of winter Arctic polynyas
Published: 2025-06-06
Subjects: Climate
Polynyas, thin-ice or open water regions within the sea ice, have regularly been observed in the Arctic since satellite observations began in the 1970s. Their opening, in response to complex interactions between several drivers, significantly influences the regional weather and climate, ecosystem, and the global ocean. Yet their monitoring at the pan-Arctic scale is rare since their detection is [...]
Rotational Flow Dominates Abrupt Seasonal Change in Zonally Asymmetric Tropical Meridional Circulation
Published: 2025-01-07
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
By defining a pseudo meridional overturning streamfunction (Ψpseudo) at any zonal sector and defining a new vector-type, dual-component index (Abrupt Seasonal Change Index, ASCI), we diagnose zonally asymmetric abrupt seasonal change (ASC) of tropical meridional circulation. Ψpseudo converges to traditional, meridional overturning streamfunction (Ψm) after being averaged over a zonal circle [...]
Water Storage in Hydrous Minerals in the Shallow Martian Mantle
Published: 2025-01-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Planetary Geochemistry
In this paper we investigate the possibility of storing water in the shallow martian mantle under water-saturated fluid absent conditions for different bulk silicate mars (BSM) compositions. We performed phase equilibria experiments on two BSM compositions with comparable Mg number for pressure between 2 and 4 GPa, temperatures between 950 to 1150°C, and for a water content of 0.3 % wt. The [...]
Rethinking the Anatomy and Architecture of the Neoproterozoic Gneiss Domes in the Nubian Shield: Are they Extensional Metamorphic Core Complexes?
Published: 2025-01-07
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Nubian Shield features amphibolite-grade, gneiss-cored domes surrounded by greenschist-grade island arc and ophiolitic assemblages. These structures exhibit anomalous intense ductile deformation and higher metamorphism than the surrounding rock units; yet, their nature, geometry, and origin remain controversial. The present study integrates field data, remote sensing, and detailed structural [...]
The influence of historical sea-surface temperature patterns on regional precipitation trends
Published: 2025-08-06
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
State-of-the-art coupled global climate models (GCMs) fail to simulate key features of observed seasonal precipitation trends since 1980, including drying of the southwestern US, the southeastern US, East Africa, and subtropical South America, as well as wetting of the Maritime Continent and the Amazon. They also fail to simulate the sea-level pressure (SLP) trends since 1980 associated with a [...]