Preprints
There are 6976 Preprints listed.
Positive isotropic components of the 2025 Santorini-Amorgos earthquakes
Published: 2025-02-21
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We used full waveforms of the Hellenic Unified Seismic Network (HUSN) regional stations and a frequency range of 0.03-0.06 Hz. We calculated full moment tensors (MTs) and focused on their ISO and CLVD components. In the tested depth range of 1-20 km, the medians of ISO (=VOL) and CLVD are positive, but their 68% confidence intervals are broad due to the tradeoff of the non-DC with depth. When [...]
Managing Smoke Risk from Wildland Fires: Northern California as a Case Study
Published: 2025-02-11
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Smoke fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from increasing wildfires in the western United States threatens public health. While land managers often prioritize reducing wildfire risk in the wildland-urban interface, the impact on regional air quality from mitigating wildfire spread is less explored. We develop a framework to quantify wildfire contributions to smoke exposure and assess targeted land [...]
A Systems-Level Approach to Extracting Oxygen from Lunar Regolith via Molten Regolith Electrolysis
Published: 2025-02-12
Subjects: Aerospace Engineering, Engineering, Other Planetary Sciences, Planetary Sciences
We present a top-level architecture for extracting up to 10 metric tonnes per year of oxygen from lunar regolith by means of Molten Regolith Electrolysis (MRE) using less than 30 kW from vertical solar arrays and a regolith excavator. This System Integration Study identifies specific technology which could be engineered together in the near term into a single system and lander provided focused [...]
Effects of mineralogy on ∆47 and ∆48 of carbonate-derived CO2 below analytical resolution
Published: 2025-02-18
Subjects: Geochemistry
Due to the lack of direct methods capable of determining the abundance of isotopologues containing multiple heavy isotopes within the crystal lattice, carbonates are typically reacted with phosphoric acid to produce CO2 analyte for clumped isotope analyses. This reaction is associated with fractionations of both bulk oxygen and clumped isotopes. Accurate knowledge of the effect of cation [...]
Integration of Different Permeability Model Parameters for Permeability Prediction from Capillary Pressure Curves in Carbonate Reservoirs
Published: 2025-02-12
Subjects: Engineering
Permeability prediction is essential for reservoir characterization, commonly derived from core analysis and mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) data. Many conventional models, often calibrated for sandstones, are based on parameters such as porosity or specific mercury saturation points, which limits their accuracy in carbonate reservoirs due to differing rock properties. This study [...]
Petrographical evidence of the >1000 km voyage of a white pumice raft that arrived at the Ogasawara and Nansei Islands after the October 2023 earthquakes in the southern Izu Islands
Published: 2025-02-12
Subjects: Volcanology
An earthquake swarm occurred at Sofu Seamount near Izu-Torishima in the Izu-Ogasawara (Bonin) Arc, Japan, on 8 October 2023, followed by the arrival of unexpectedly-large tsunamis over a wide area of the Pacific coast of southwest Japan. On 20 October, aerial observation identified floating pumice rafts extending for ~80 km in the area the seamount, which were subsequently sampled and found to [...]
Effects of Stress and Friction Heterogeneity on Spatiotemporal Complexity of Seismic and Aseismic Slip on Strike-Slip Faults
Published: 2025-02-13
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Numerical and laboratory models of earthquake cycles on faults governed by rate-and-state friction often show cycle-invariant behavior, while natural faults exhibit considerable variability in slip history. Possible explanations include heterogeneities in fault stress and frictional properties. We investigate how various types of heterogeneity in simulations of quasi-dynamic sequences of seismic [...]
traveltime: an R package to calculate travel time across a landscape from user-specified locations
Published: 2025-02-13
Subjects: Geographic Information Sciences, Spatial Science
Understanding and mapping the time to travel among locations is useful for many activities from urban planning to public health and myriad others. Here we present a software package — traveltime — written in and for the language R. traveltime enables a user to create a map of the motorised or walking travel time over an area of interest from a user-specified set of geographic coordinates. The [...]
Cross-Shelf transport by (storm-modified, sandy) hyperpycnal flows in the Eastern Rhenish Massif during the Upper Eifelian, Middle Devonian
Published: 2025-02-13
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
High-resolution sedimentary facies analysis on ten profiles (252.24 m total length) reconstructed a complex depositional system characterised by cross-shelf sediment transport via (storm-modified) hyperpycnal flows in the Unnenberg Formation (Upper Eifelian, Middle Devonian) of the Eastern Rhenish Massif. The hyperpycnal-fed prodeltaic shelf system comprised proximal and distal lobe deposits [...]
Harmonizing past and future global sectoral water use data
Published: 2025-02-13
Subjects: Hydrology
The use of water in the domestic, agricultural, and industrial sectors is necessary for human prosperity and survival. Recognizing the need to understand water scarcity and human contributions to it, various studies have been done over the years, necessitating access to reliable, comprehensive data on historical and projected water use across all sectors. Despite progress in this direction, a [...]
A practical metric for estimating the current climate forcing of natural mires
Published: 2025-02-13
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Commensuration of the radiative effects of different greenhouse gases (GHGs) is crucial for understanding the effects of land cover and ecosystem changes on the global climate. However, none of the current commensuration approaches are suitable for addressing the current climatic effect of mire ecosystems as compared to the situation in which such mires would not exist. The mire ecosystems have [...]
Positive isotropic components of the 2025 Santorini-Amorgos earthquakes
Published: 2025-02-14
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We used full waveforms of the Hellenic Unified Seismic Network (HUSN) regional stations and a frequency range of 0.03-0.06 Hz. We calculated full moment tensors (MTs) and focused on their ISO and CLVD components. In the tested depth range of 1-20 km, the medians of ISO (=VOL) and CLVD are positive, but their 68% confidence intervals are broad due to the tradeoff of the non-DC with depth. When [...]
Can neighbourhood interventions strengthen collective climate action?
Published: 2025-01-09
Subjects: Environmental Studies
This paper builds on a model of individual and collective climate action on the neighbourhood level recently presented by Klöckner et al. [1]. In this model, types of local climate action were empirically categorized (diet, travel, protest, other climate actions) and it was found that both individual and collective intentions contribute to self-reported climate actions in these categories and [...]
Structuring uncertainty to improve climate change management success
Published: 2025-02-15
Subjects: Environmental Studies
This paper advances the field of climate adaptation by addressing two persistent challenges: navigating multiple forms of uncertainty and enabling the construction of actionable future scenarios. Using a methodology grounded in Decision Making under Deep Uncertainty (DMDU), we combine computational modeling with stakeholder-informed metanarratives to connect abstract analysis with grounded, [...]
Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Ilmenite Exsolutions in Titanomagnetite and Their Implications for the Ore-Forming Process at the Damiao Deposit
Published: 2025-02-15
Subjects: Geochemistry, Geology
The Damiao Fe-Ti-P deposit, located within the Damiao anorthosite complex in northeastern China, features Fe-Ti oxide ores and nelsonites that occur as irregularly inclined stratiform-like bodies, lenses, or veins with sharp contacts against anorthosite and gabbronorite. This deposit is characterized by abundant titanomagnetite that hosts diverse ilmenite exsolution textures, including blocky, [...]