Preprints
There are 6976 Preprints listed.
The complex rupture evolution of the long and slow, tsunamigenic 2021 South Sandwich Islands earthquake
Published: 2025-03-27
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
On August 21, 2021 a large earthquake occurred in the South Sandwich subduction zone, and the associated tsunami was widely observed. In order to robustly analyse the detailed seismic source process of this long-source duration (over 200 s) event occurring in a convexly shaped subduction zone, we applied the Potency Density Tensor Inversion with a non-rectangular and non-planar source surface to [...]
Frequency-dependent seismic radiation process of the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake from teleseismic P-wave back-projection
Published: 2025-03-25
Subjects: Earth Sciences
A large devastating earthquake of Mw 7.5 struck the Noto Peninsula, Japan, on January 1st, 2024. Persistent seismic swarms have preceded the main rupture around the hypocenter since 2020, likely driven by crustal fluids migrating upward from the lower crust. In this study, we investigated the frequency-dependent seismic radiation process using multi-frequency teleseismic P-wave back projection. [...]
Eruption triggering
Published: 2025-03-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Volcanic systems behave episodically and require mechanisms for magma segregation, instability and ascent. Here, we discuss the processes that promote the ascent of magma to the Earth's surface and prepare the onset of an eruption, thus acting as triggers, as well as the factors that prevent eruption. We describe the various petrological, geochemical and geophysical observations that reveal the [...]
Seafloor Geodesy Unveils Seismogenesis of Large Subduction Earthquakes in Mexico
Published: 2025-03-25
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Based on measurements of near-trench deformations of the oceanic and overriding plates, in this investigation, we elucidate the tectonic and mechanical processes leading to the Mw7.0 (moment magnitude of 7.0) Acapulco, Mexico, earthquake in 2021. We exploit unprecedented ocean-bottom observations using ultralong-period “tilt mechanical amplifiers,” along with hydrostatic pressure, global [...]
Impact of GHG mitigation measures in sanitation service chains: A focus on septic tanks and sewers
Published: 2025-03-26
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Sustainability
Sanitation service chains (SSCs) often consist of a complex mix of different components, frequently involving the coexistence of non-sewered sanitation (e.g., septic tanks) and sewered sanitation. Poorly-maintained components within these chains can lead to substantial, yet potentially avoidable greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In this study, we developed a model for estimating the impact of GHG [...]
Calibration of Permeability Models from Sandstones to Carbonates Using Capillary Pressure: Applicable to U.S. Shallow Marine Reservoirs
Published: 2025-03-26
Subjects: Engineering
Permeability estimation plays a crucial role in reservoir characterization and is commonly determined through core analysis. Additionally, permeability can be inferred from mercury injection test data. Several models have been developed for this purpose, with their parameters influenced by factors such as pore structure, rock heterogeneity, and pore throat distribution. The widely recognized [...]
Meteorites weathering under a variety of conditions in the Lut Desert
Published: 2025-03-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Climate, topography, and geomorphology are fundamental terrestrial environmental factors that play a significant role in shaping rock weathering processes across Earth's surface. These elements are particularly crucial when studying meteorite weathering, as they dictate the microenvironmental conditions that influence both physical and chemical alterations over time. Despite extensive research on [...]
Mid-Ocean Ridge Volcanism (Encyclopedia of Volcanoes, 3rd edition, book chapter)
Published: 2025-03-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The vast majority of the Earth’s volcanism takes place in the deep ocean along mid-ocean ridges (MORs), yet because it is difficult to detect and observe, it is also relatively poorly understood. MOR volcanism occurs where tectonic plates spread apart and mainly produces effusive basaltic fissure eruptions where dikes reach the surface. The character and frequency of volcanism varies greatly as a [...]
Fully-dynamic seismic cycle simulations in co-evolving fault damage zones controlled by damage rheology
Published: 2025-03-26
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Both short-term coseismic off-fault damage and long-term fault growth during interseismic periods have been suggested to contribute to the formation and evolution of fault damage zones. Most previous numerical models focus on simulating either off-fault damage in a single earthquake or off-fault plasticity in seismic cycles ignoring changes of elastic moduli. Here we developed a new method to [...]
BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY PRACTICES IN MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Published: 2024-10-08
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Micro and small enterprises (MSEs) are essential for economic and social development globally, as they represent a significant proportion of employment and production. Nonetheless, these enterprises confront substantial difficulties in incorporating sustainable practices, largely attributable to their limited financial resources and capacity, difficulties in accessing relevant information, [...]
Multivariate Regression Analysis for Identifying Key Drivers of Harmful Algal Bloom in Lake Erie
Published: 2025-03-28
Subjects: Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Multivariate Analysis
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs), predominantly driven by cyanobacteria, pose significant risks to water quality, public health, and aquatic ecosystems. Lake Erie, particularly its western basin, has been severely impacted by HABs, largely due to nutrient pollution and climatic changes. This study aims to identify key physical, chemical, and biological drivers influencing HABs using a multivariate [...]
Ore deposits formed during crustal magmatism and related hydrothermal processes: Formation, beneficiation, and the environmental and social considerations of utilization
Published: 2025-03-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Crustal magmatic systems that form volcanoes also produce mineral deposits that are important sources of critical metals. These include porphyry, epithermal, skarn, iron-oxide-copper-gold, and Carlin-type mineral deposits that form by magmatic-hydrothermal processes, magmatic sulfide deposits that form by purely igneous processes, and pegmatite deposits that form by both processes. These mineral [...]
Geomorphology of Meso-Yardang Formation and Evolution in Fahraj Plain, SE Iran: The Role of Stream Incision, Sandblasting, and Nebkha Transformation
Published: 2025-03-29
Subjects: Education, Engineering
The purpose of this study is to investigate on meso - yardags of Fahraj Plain in SE Iran. The playa on which the yardangs have taken shape has been divided into northern and southern parts as a result of incision by Nesa ephemeral stream . Detailed field investigations were performed and samples were taken to determine the texture, mineralogy and chemical characteristics of mudrocks comprising [...]
Rheological control of crystal fabrics on Antarctic ice shelves
Published: 2025-03-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Ice crystal fabrics can exert significant rheological control on ice sheets and ice shelves, potentially softening or hardening anisotropic ice by several orders of magnitude compared to isotropic ice. We introduce an anisotropic extension of the Shallow Shelf Approximation (SSA), allowing for fabric-induced viscous anisotropy to affect the flow of ice shelves in coupled, transient simulations. [...]
One Belt, Many Roads: Investigating China’s Foreign Investment and Land-use Impacts in Southeast Asia
Published: 2024-06-22
Subjects: Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Natural Resource Economics
Foreign direct investment (FDI) can reshape landscapes in developing countries, but its impact remains unclear. This study examines how China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) FDI impacts land-cover and land-use change in Southeast Asia, a key trade partner receiving significant Chinese infrastructure investments. Focusing on areas with BRI investments from 2008 to 2018, we utilize satellite data [...]