Preprints
There are 7994 Preprints listed.
Pan-European groundwater to atmosphere terrestrial systems climatology from a physically consistent simulation
Published: 2019-07-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Applying the Terrestrial Systems Modeling Platform, TSMP, this study provides the first simulated long-term (1996-2018), high-resolution (~12.5km) terrestrial system climatology over Europe, which comprises variables from groundwater across the land surface to the top of the atmosphere (G2A). The data set offers an unprecedented opportunity to test hypotheses related to short- and long-range [...]
Global coastal wetland expansion under accelerated sea-level rise is unlikely
Published: 2019-07-16
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sustainability
Schuerch et al. (2018) [1] deserve credit for compiling a wide range of disparate, global datasets that will be instrumental in predicting future coastal wetland change. However, we challenge their projections that range from modest losses to substantial gains worldwide by the end of this century. Their modeling does not adequately capture the role of sediment supply which must be treated [...]
Evaluating precipitation datasets for large-scale distributed hydrological modelling
Published: 2019-07-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Over the past decades, a variety of valuable research studies has helped to advance our understanding of the advantages and limitations of satellite derived precipitation datasets as a forcing to hydrological models, in combination with or as an alternative to gauge data. However, most studies have assessed the performance of only one single dataset (or a few), have used global precipitation [...]
Internal mouth bar variability and preservation of interflood beds in low-accommodation proximal deltaic settings (Cretaceous Dakota Group, New Mexico, USA)
Published: 2019-07-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology
Mouth bars are the fundamental architectural elements of proximal deltaic successions. Understanding their internal architecture and deciphering the relative impact and complex interaction of coastal processes (fluvial-, tide- and wave-dominated) is paramount to the interpretation of ancient deltaic successions. This is particularly challenging in low-accommodation systems, because they are [...]
Influence of fault roughness on surface displacement: from numerical simulations to coseismic slip distributions
Published: 2019-07-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Field studies characterized early on natural faults as rough, i.e. non-planar at all scales. Fault roughness induces local stress perturbations, which dramatically affect rupture behavior, resulting in slip heterogeneity. The relation between fault roughness and produced slip remains, however, a key knowledge gap in current numerical and field studies. In this study, we analyze numerical [...]
Seismological evidence for subcrustal magmatic injection beneath Fogo volcano, Cape Verde hotspot
Published: 2019-07-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology
Fogo volcano belongs to the Cape Verde hotspot and its most recent eruption occurred from November 2014 to February 2015. From January to December 2016 we operated a temporary seismic network on Fogo and were able to locate 289 earthquakes in total. While most of the events occur at distances > 25 km near the neighboring island of Brava. However, on 15th August 2016 we recorded an isolated [...]
Assessing Climate Model Projections of Anthropogenic Warming Patterns
Published: 2019-07-16
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Projections of future anthropogenic climate change and their uncertainties are determined by analyzing large ensembles of numerical climate models. Since the late 1980s, transient climate models have projected a pronounced global warming, with relatively high warming in the Arctic and over land and low warming over the Southern Ocean. In general, confidence in climate model projections is based [...]
Fringe or background: Characterizing deep-water mudstones beyond the basin-floor fan sandstone pinchout
Published: 2019-07-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology
Mud dominates volumetrically the fraction of sediment delivered and deposited in deep-water environments, and mudstone is a major component of basin-floor successions. However, studies of basin-floor deposits have mainly focused on their proximal sandstone-prone part. A consequent bias therefore remains in the understanding of depositional processes and stratigraphic architecture in [...]
Heat distribution in the Southeast Pacific is only weakly sensitive to high-latitude heat flux and wind stress
Published: 2019-07-16
Subjects: Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Southern Ocean features regionally-varying ventilation pathways that transport heat and carbon from the surface ocean to the interior thermocline on timescales of decades to centuries, but the factors that control the distribution of heat along these pathways are not well understood. In this study, we use a global ocean state estimate (ECCOv4) to (1) define the recently ventilated interior [...]
The sensitivity of Southeast Pacific heat distribution to local and remote changes in ocean properties
Published: 2019-07-16
Subjects: Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Southern Ocean features ventilation pathways that transport surface waters into the subsurface thermocline on timescales of decades to centuries, sequestering anomalies of heat and carbon away from the atmosphere and thereby regulating the rate of surface warming. Despite its importance for climate sensitivity, the factors that control the distribution of heat along these pathways are not [...]
δ13C values of bacterial hopanoids and leaf waxes as tracers for methanotrophy in peatlands
Published: 2019-07-09
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Methane emissions from peatlands contribute significantly to atmospheric CH4 levels and play an essential role in the global carbon cycle. The stable carbon isotopic composition (δ13C) of bacterial and plant lipids has been used to study modern and past peatland biogeochemistry, especially methane cycling. However, the small number of recent peatlands that have been characterised and the lack of [...]
The moment duration scaling relation for slow rupture arises from transient rupture speeds
Published: 2019-07-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The relation between seismic moment and earthquake duration for slow rupture follows a different power law exponent than sub-shear rupture. The origin of this difference in exponents remains unclear. Here, we introduce a minimal one-dimensional Burridge-Knopoff model which contains slow, sub-shear and super-shear rupture, and demonstrate that different power law exponents occur because the [...]
Relationships between soil chemical properties and rare earth element concentrations in the aboveground biomass of a tropical herbaceous plant
Published: 2019-07-18
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The geochemical behavior of rare earth elements (REE) has been mainly investigated in geological systems where they represent the best proxies for processes occurring at the interface between different media. REE concentrations, normalized with respect to the upper continental crust, were used to assess their behavior. In this study, REE geochemical behavior was investigated in plant shoots of a [...]
The Leaning Puy de Dôme
Published: 2019-07-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology
Acidic lava domes are a special monogenetic volcano type with explosive eruption hazards. Such domes raise questions about the nature of monogenetic volcanism. We study the iconic Puy de Dôme (Chaîne des Puys, Auvergne) that gave its name to dome landforms. It is asymmetric with one side more rugged and steeper than the other. Using mapping and paleomagnetism we find that it was tilted by ~20° [...]
Tectonic stress controls saucer-shaped sill geometry
Published: 2019-07-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology
Saucer-shaped sills are common in sedimentary basins worldwide. The saucer shape relates to asymmetric stress distributions at the sill-tip during intrusion caused by bending of the overburden. Most saucer-shaped sill models are conducted without tectonic stress. Model results are poorly correlated with natural sills in that: (1) modelled saucers are much steeper than natural sills; and (2) [...]