EarthArXiv Preprints

Megathrust locking encoded in subduction landscapes

Bar Oryan, Jean-Arthur Olive, Romain Jolivet, et al.

Published: 2024-01-04
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Locked areas of subduction megathrusts are increasingly found to coincide with landscape features sculpted over hundreds of kyrs, yet the mechanisms that underlie such correlations remain elusive. We show that interseismic locking gradients induce increments of irreversible strain across the overriding plate manifested predominantly as distributed seismicity. Summing these increments over [...]

A shake and a surge: Assessing the possibility of an earthquake-triggered eruption at Steamboat Geyser

Mara H. Reed, Anna Barth, Taka'aki Taira, et al.

Published: 2024-01-03
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

When and why earthquakes trigger volcano and geyser eruptions remains unclear. In September 2022, Steamboat Geyser in Yellowstone, USA erupted 8.25 hours after a local M3.9 earthquake—an improbable coincidence based on the geyser’s eruption intervals. We leverage monitoring data from the surrounding geyser basin to determine if the earthquake triggered this eruption. We calculate a peak ground [...]

Investigation of Liquefaction Potential in Sands Mixed with Gravel

wenbo luo, Zhuoqiang wen

Published: 2023-12-21
Subjects: Engineering

Liquefaction is one of the significant hazards associated with earthquakes. It was previously believed to occur mostly in clean sands; however, recent research has shown that liquefaction can occur in specific conditions in sands mixed with fine or coarse particles. Numerous studies have been conducted on clean sand, while limited research has focused on sands mixed with silt. Nevertheless, the [...]

Shortening and extrusion in the East Anatolian Plateau: how was Neogene Arabia-Europe convergence tectonically accommodated?

Douwe J.J. van Hinsbergen, Derya Gürer, Ayten Koç, et al.

Published: 2023-12-21
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Deformation in orogenic belts is typically widely distributed but may be localized to form discrete, fast-moving fault zones enclosing semi-rigid microplates. An example is the Anatolian microplate, which is extruding westwards from the East Anatolian Plateau in the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone along the North and East Anatolian Faults that cause devastating earthquakes, including the February [...]

Potential Volcanic Origin of the 2023 short-period Tsunami in the Izu Islands, Japan

Ayumu Mizutani, Diego Melgar

Published: 2023-11-29
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

On October 8, 2023, at 21:40 UTC (6:40 on October 9 local time), a tsunami warning was declared for the Izu Islands and southwest Japan. This tsunami was initially considered to be associated with the M4.9 earthquake at 20:25 UTC (5:25 JST). However, we know events of this magnitude are far too small to generate observed tsunamis from coseismic deformation alone. In this study, we analyzed the [...]

Deep Learning for Deep Earthquakes: Insights from OBS Observations of the Tonga Subduction Zone

Ziyi Xi, Songqiao Shawn Wei, Weiqiang Zhu, et al.

Published: 2023-11-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Applications of machine learning in seismology have greatly improved our capability of detecting earthquakes in large seismic data archives. Most of these efforts have been focused on continental shallow earthquakes, but here we introduce an integrated deep-learning-based workflow to detect deep earthquakes recorded by a temporary array of ocean-bottom seismographs (OBSs) and land-based stations [...]