Preprints
Search for earthquake (502 results)
A Cascadia Slab Model from Receiver Functions
Published: 2023-09-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology
We map the characteristic signature of the subducting Juan de Fuca and Gorda plates along the entire Cascadia forearc from northern Vancouver Island, Canada to Cape Mendocino in northern California, USA, using teleseismic receiver functions. The subducting oceanic crustal complex, possibly including subcreted material, is parameterized by three horizons capable of generating mode-converted waves: [...]
Garnet fracturing reveals ancient unstable slip events hosted in plate interface metasediments
Published: 2023-09-01
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A paradox exists between the great number of intermediate-depth earthquakes occurring along active subduction interfaces worldwide and the extreme scarcity of paleo-seismic events recorded in exhumed metasedimentary rocks from ancient subduction zones. Recrystallization, shearing as well as exhumation-related overprinting generally contribute to the nearly-complete erasing of markers of unstable [...]
Forecast of Earthquake Magnitude for North-West (NW) Indian Region Using Machine Learning Techniques
Published: 2023-08-24
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Earthquakes have posed significant hazards to human lives and infrastructure for as far back as can be recalled. This paper presents a Machine Learning (ML) based approach for earthquake magnitude forecasting spatially using the earthquake clustering in five selected zones of NW Indian region. Previous research efforts have primarily relied on empirical relationships and statistical models, which [...]
A proxy implementation of thermal pressurization for earthquake cycle modeling on rate-and-state faults
Published: 2023-08-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The reduction of effective normal stress during earthquake slip due to thermal pressurization of fault pore fluids is a significant fault weakening mechanism. Explicit incorporation of this process into frictional fault models involves solving the diffusion equations for fluid pressure and temperature outside the fault at each time step, which significantly increases the computational complexity. [...]
Seismic Activities in Ghana: A Systematic Review
Published: 2023-08-08
Subjects: Education, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Seismic activities pose significant challenges to societies globally. Therefore, it is crucial to understand their occurrence, patterns, and impacts. By studying seismic activities, including earthquakes, researchers can investigate their occurrence, distribution, and characteristics which can provide effective management and risk reduction strategies. The southern part of Ghana is prone to [...]
An adjoint-based optimization method for jointly inverting heterogeneous material properties and fault slip from earthquake surface deformation data
Published: 2023-07-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Analysis of tectonic and earthquake-cycle associated deformation of the crust can provide valuable insights into the underlying deformation processes including fault slip. How those processes are expressed at the surface depends on the lateral and depth variations of rock properties. The effect of such variations is often tested by forward models based on a priori geological or geophysical [...]
Automated shear-wave splitting analysis for single- and multi- layer anisotropic media
Published: 2023-06-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Shear-wave velocity anisotropy is present throughout the earth. The strength and orientation of anisotropy can be observed by shear-wave splitting (birefringence) accumulated between earthquake sources and receivers. Seismic deployments are getting ever larger, increasing the number of earthquakes detected and the number of source-receiver pairs. Here, we present a new software package, SWSPy, [...]
A diffuse interface method for earthquake rupture dynamics based on a phase-field model
Published: 2023-06-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In traditional modeling approaches, earthquakes are often depicted as displacement discontinuities across zero-thickness surfaces embedded within a linear elastodynamic continuum. This simplification, however, overlooks the intricate nature of natural fault zones and may fail to capture key physical phenomena integral to fault processes. Here, we propose a diffuse interface description for [...]
The Impact of the Three-Dimensional Structure of a Subduction Zone on Time-dependent Crustal Deformation Measured by HR-GNSS
Published: 2023-06-01
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Accurately modeling time-dependent coseismic crustal deformation as observed on high-rate Global Navigation Satellite System (HR-GNSS) lends insight into earthquake source processes and improves local earthquake and tsunami early warning algorithms. Currently, time-dependent crustal deformation modeling relies most frequently on simplified 1D radially symmetric Earth models. However, for shallow [...]
Linking 3D long-term slow-slip cycle models with rupture dynamics: the nucleation of the 2014 Mw 7.3 Guerrero, Mexico earthquake
Published: 2023-05-25
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Slow slip events (SSEs) have been observed in spatial and temporal proximity to megathrust earthquakes in various subduction zones, including the 2014 $M_\mathrm{w}$7.3 Guerrero, Mexico earthquake which was preceded by a $M_\mathrm{w}$ 7.6 SSE. However, the underlying physics connecting SSEs to earthquakes remains elusive. Here, we link 3D slow-slip cycle models with dynamic rupture simulations [...]
Solving a seismic mystery with a diver’s camera: A case of shallow water T -waves in the Persian Gulf
Published: 2023-05-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Sparse offshore coverage of seismic networks has hindered detailed studies of submarine earthquakes and their associated seismic hazard. We present results of our analysis of a diver’s recording of acoustic signals from an ML=5.6 earthquake in the Persian Gulf. We model the signals as a set of several shallow water T phases the frequency and group velocity of which are determined by bathymetry. [...]
Do slow slip earthquakes inhibit catastrophes? Geologic evidence from the Guerrero segment, Mexican subduction zone
Published: 2023-05-12
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Globally, the largest tsunamigenic earthquakes have occurred along subduction zones. The Mw>9 devasting events in Chile, Sumatra, and Japan struck in areas where no instrumental records reported similar events. The one-thousand kilometer-long Mexican subduction zone (MSZ), where the Rivera-Cocos plates subduct under the North American plate, has no records of events of such magnitude. Historical [...]
Slip-stuck kinematics of fault surfaces in laboratory experiments: implications for heterogeneous slip distributions during earthquake events
Published: 2023-05-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
Combining field observations with analogue laboratory experiments, this study aims to use surface-roughness characteristics as an indicator of the heterogeneous slip partitioning along shear surfaces. We investigated the roughness of shear surfaces in sheared quartzite of the Singhbhum Shear Zone, eastern India, and identified two distinct kinematic domains: slip zone and stuck zone, marked by [...]
Dynamics of episodic supershear in the 2023 M7.8 Kahramanmaraş/Pazarcik Earthquake, revealed by near-field records and computational modeling
Published: 2023-05-03
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The 2023 M7.8 Kahramanmaraş/Pazarcik earthquake was larger and more destructive than what had been expected. Here we analyzed near-field seismic records and developed a dynamic rupture model that reconciles different currently conflicting inversion results and reveals spatially non-uniform propagation speeds in this earthquake, with predominantly supershear speeds observed along the Narli fault [...]
Rupture phase in near-fault records of the 2023 Turkey Mw 7.8 earthquake
Published: 2023-04-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Understanding and deciphering wiggles especially coherent phases from seismograms have been a long endeavor to understand the earth structure and earthquake source. However, coherent phases directly associated with earthquake rupture propagation have not been available due to the lack of continuous near-fault observations. Here we report the rupture phase as large velocity pulses during the 2023 [...]