Preprints
Search for earthquake (437 results)
Role of fluid on earthquake occurrence: Example of the 2019 Ridgecrest and the 1997, 2009 and 2016 Central Apennines sequences
Published: 2022-12-19
Subjects: Earth Sciences
This paper focuses on the study of the temporal evolution of seismicity and the role of fluids during major earthquake sequences that occurred in the central Apennines and Southern Walker Lane belt-Eastern California Shear Zone over the last two decades: The 1997 Colfiorito sequence, the 2009 L’Aquila sequence, the 2016 Amatrice-Norcia sequence, and the 2019 Ridgecrest sequence. The availability [...]
Re-examining Temporal Variations in Intermediate-Depth Seismicity
Published: 2022-12-16
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Changes in the frequency of intermediate-depth (60–300 km) earthquakes in response to static stress transfer can provide insights into the mechanisms of earthquake generation within subducting slabs. In this study, we use the most up-to-date global and regional earthquake catalogues to show that both the aftershock productivity of large earthquakes, and the changes in the frequency of [...]
Modeling Earthquake-induced Landslide initiation using the Fibre Bundle Model
Published: 2022-12-05
Subjects: Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology
Co-seismic landslides are triggered by strong ground shaking in mountainous areas, resulting in threats to human activity and infrastructure. Methods for physically-based modelling of co-seismic landslide triggering play an important role in disaster prevention and mitigation. Current approaches, however, focus on direct and full failure of sloping rocks and soils, and do not cover the dynamics [...]
Bayesian analysis of ground motion models using chimney fragility curves: 2021, 5.9-Mw Woods Point intraplate earthquake, Victoria, Australia
Published: 2022-11-15
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Probability, Statistics and Probability
The 22 September 2021 (AEST) Mw 5.9 Woods Point earthquake occurred in an intraplate setting (southeast Australia) approximately 130 km East Northeast of the central business district of Melbourne (pop. ∼5.15 million). A lack of seismic instrumentation and a low population density in the epicentral region resulted in a dearth of near-source instrumental and “felt” report intensity data, limiting [...]
The Seismic Signature of California's Earthquakes, Droughts, and Floods
Published: 2022-11-03
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
his study investigates changes in seismic velocities in the period 1999-2021 using about 700 permanent and temporary broadband seismic stations in the state of California. We compute single-station cross-correlations of the ambient seismic noise and use the coda-wave interferometry to measure the changes in seismic velocities ({\it dv/v}) using a stretching technique. We focus on the 2-4Hz [...]
Spatial variation in shallow slow earthquake activity in Hyuga-nada, southwest Japan
Published: 2022-10-28
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Hyuga-nada, off the Pacific coast of Kyushu along the Nankai Trough in southwest Japan, is one of the most active slow earthquake regions around Japan. We estimated the energies of shallow tremors and moments of shallow very low frequency earthquakes (VLFEs) in Hyuga-nada using data from a permanent onshore broadband network and temporary ocean bottom seismometer observations. The energies and [...]
Restricted rupture evolution of the 2022 Mw 6.7 Luding China earthquake
Published: 2022-10-25
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
On September 5, 2022, a strike-slip earthquake with a moment magnitude (Mw) 6.7 occurred along the Moxi segment of the Xianshuihe fault zone in Luding, Sichuan province, China. To estimate the rupture evolution of the 2022 Luding earthquake, we inverted teleseismic P-waves by applying the Potency Density Tensor Inversion, a novel method that can estimate fault geometry and source process. We [...]
SHALLOW COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF THE UPPER PART OF THE EXHUMED SAN GABRIEL FAULT, CALIFORNIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR FAULT PROCESSES AND SEISIMIC PROPERTIES
Published: 2022-10-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Quantifying shallow fault zone structure and characteristics is critical for accurately modeling the complex mechanical behavior of earthquakes as energy moves within faults from depth. We examine macro- to microstructures, mineralogy, and properties from drill core analyses of fault-related rocks in the steeply plunging ALT-B2 geotechnical borehole (total depth of 493 m) across the San Gabriel [...]
Fault Friction Derived from Fault Bend Influence on Coseismic Slip During the 2019 Ridgecrest Mw 7.1 Mainshock
Published: 2022-10-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
The variation of stress on faults is important for our understanding of fault friction and the dynamics of earthquake ruptures. However, we still have little observational constraints on their absolute magnitude, or their variations in space and in time over the seismic cycle. Here we use a new geodetic imaging technique to measure the 3D coseismic slip vectors along the 2019 Ridgecrest surface [...]
Bayesian inference on the initiation phase of the 2014 Iquique, Chile, earthquake
Published: 2022-10-03
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We investigate the initiation phase of the 2014 Mw8.1 Iquique earthquake in northern Chile. In particular, we focus on the month preceding the mainshock, a time period known to exhibit an intensification of the seismic and aseismic activity in the region. The goal is to estimate the time-evolution and partitioning of seismic and aseismic slip during the preparatory phase of the mainshock. To do [...]
Tsunami Early Warning from Global Navigation Satellite System Data using Convolutional Neural Networks
Published: 2022-09-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology, Oceanography
We investigate the potential of using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations to directly forecast full tsunami waveforms in real time. We train convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to use less than 9 minutes of GNSS data to forecast the full tsunami waveforms over 6 hours at select locations, and obtain accurate forecasts on a test dataset. Our training and test data consists of [...]
Complex evolution of the 2016 Kaikoura earthquake revealed by teleseismic body waves
Published: 2022-09-23
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The 2016 Kaikoura earthquake, New Zealand, ruptured more than a dozen faults, making it difficult to prescribe a model fault for analysing the event by inversion. To model this earthquake from teleseismic records, we used a potency density tensor inversion, which projects multiple fault slips onto a single model fault plane, which reduced the non-uniqueness due to the uncertainty in selecting the [...]
Rapid fault healing after seismic slip
Published: 2022-09-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure
Fault strength recovery (healing) following an earthquake is a key process in controlling the recurrence of future events; however, the rates and mechanisms of fault healing are poorly constrained. Here, by performing high-velocity friction experiments at seismic slip rates (0.57 m/s), we show that granite and gabbro fault gouges recover their strength rapidly after experiencing dynamic [...]
Double surface rupture and hydraulic recharge of a three-fault system during the Mw 4.9 earthquake of 11 November 2019 at Le Teil (France)
Published: 2022-08-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing
The Mw 4.9 earthquake of 11 November 2019 at Le Teil (France) occurred at a very shallow depth (about 1 km) inducing the surface rupture of La Rouvière fault, nearby of a limestone quarry. Thanks to satellite differential interferometry, we detected the existence of the secondary surface rupture of the quasi-parallel Bayne Rocherenard fault. A newly processed seismic cross-section allowed us to [...]
Estimating the Occurrence of Slow Slip Events and Earthquakes with an Ensemble Kalman Filter
Published: 2022-08-07
Subjects: Applied Mathematics, Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Our ability to forecast earthquakes and slow slip events is hampered by limited information on the current state of stress on faults. Ensemble data assimilation methods permit estimating the state by combining physics-based models and observations, while considering their uncertainties. We employ an Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) to estimate shear stresses, slip rates, and the state theta acting [...]