Preprints
Search for earthquake (434 results)
The Impact of the Three-Dimensional Structure of a Subduction Zone on Time-dependent Crustal Deformation Measured by HR-GNSS
Published: 2023-06-01
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Accurately modeling time-dependent coseismic crustal deformation as observed on high-rate Global Navigation Satellite System (HR-GNSS) lends insight into earthquake source processes and improves local earthquake and tsunami early warning algorithms. Currently, time-dependent crustal deformation modeling relies most frequently on simplified 1D radially symmetric Earth models. However, for shallow [...]
Linking 3D long-term slow-slip cycle models with rupture dynamics: the nucleation of the 2014 Mw 7.3 Guerrero, Mexico earthquake
Published: 2023-05-25
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Slow slip events (SSEs) have been observed in spatial and temporal proximity to megathrust earthquakes in various subduction zones, including the 2014 $M_\mathrm{w}$7.3 Guerrero, Mexico earthquake which was preceded by a $M_\mathrm{w}$ 7.6 SSE. However, the underlying physics connecting SSEs to earthquakes remains elusive. Here, we link 3D slow-slip cycle models with dynamic rupture simulations [...]
Solving a seismic mystery with a diver’s camera: A case of shallow water T -waves in the Persian Gulf
Published: 2023-05-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Sparse offshore coverage of seismic networks has hindered detailed studies of submarine earthquakes and their associated seismic hazard. We present results of our analysis of a diver’s recording of acoustic signals from an ML=5.6 earthquake in the Persian Gulf. We model the signals as a set of several shallow water T phases the frequency and group velocity of which are determined by bathymetry. [...]
Do slow slip earthquakes inhibit catastrophes? Geologic evidence from the Guerrero segment, Mexican subduction zone
Published: 2023-05-12
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Globally, the largest tsunamigenic earthquakes have occurred along subduction zones. The Mw>9 devasting events in Chile, Sumatra, and Japan struck in areas where no instrumental records reported similar events. The one-thousand kilometer-long Mexican subduction zone (MSZ), where the Rivera-Cocos plates subduct under the North American plate, has no records of events of such magnitude. Historical [...]
Slip-stuck kinematics of fault surfaces in laboratory experiments: implications for heterogeneous slip distributions during earthquake events
Published: 2023-05-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
Combining field observations with analogue laboratory experiments, this study aims to use surface-roughness characteristics as an indicator of the heterogeneous slip partitioning along shear surfaces. We investigated the roughness of shear surfaces in sheared quartzite of the Singhbhum Shear Zone, eastern India, and identified two distinct kinematic domains: slip zone and stuck zone, marked by [...]
Dynamics of episodic supershear in the 2023 M7.8 Kahramanmaraş/Pazarcik Earthquake, revealed by near-field records and computational modeling
Published: 2023-05-03
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The 2023 M7.8 Kahramanmaraş/Pazarcik earthquake was larger and more destructive than what had been expected. Here we analyzed near-field seismic records and developed a dynamic rupture model that reconciles different currently conflicting inversion results and reveals spatially non-uniform propagation speeds in this earthquake, with predominantly supershear speeds observed along the Narli fault [...]
Rupture phase in near-fault records of the 2023 Turkey Mw 7.8 earthquake
Published: 2023-04-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Understanding and deciphering wiggles especially coherent phases from seismograms have been a long endeavor to understand the earth structure and earthquake source. However, coherent phases directly associated with earthquake rupture propagation have not been available due to the lack of continuous near-fault observations. Here we report the rupture phase as large velocity pulses during the 2023 [...]
A machine learning-based thermometer, barometer and hygrometer for magmatic liquids
Published: 2023-04-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Experimentally calibrated models to recover pressures, temperatures and water contents of magmas, are widely used in igneous petrology. However, large errors, especially in barometry, limit the capacity of these models to resolve the architecture of crustal igneous systems. Here we apply machine learning to a large experimental database to calibrate new regression models that recover P-T-H2O of [...]
Earth tides can reactivate shallow faults and trigger seabed methane emissions
Published: 2023-04-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The role of solid Earth tide in fault reactivation has significant implications for understanding earthquake triggering, carbon sequestration, and the global carbon budget. Despite extensive research on this topic over the years, the relationship between Earth tide and fault reactivation remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the potential influence of solid Earth tide on the reactivation [...]
In-situ frictional behavior of subducting sediment in the shallow Nankai Trough
Published: 2023-04-22
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Sedimentology, Tectonics and Structure
The transition from smectite to illite at around the depth with temperature of ~150 °C has long been hypothesized as one of controlling factors of the updip limit depth of the seismogenic zone of subduction zones. Although illite has a higher friction coefficient than smectite, previous friction experiments have little reported that the smectite-illite transition accompanies the transition from [...]
Bayesian estimation of nonlinear centroid moment tensors using multiple seismic data sets
Published: 2023-03-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology
Centroid moment tensor (CMT) parameters of earthquakes are routinely estimated to gain information on structures and regional tectonics. However, for small earthquakes (M<4), it is still challenging to determine CMTs due to the lack of high-quality waveform data. In this study, we propose to improve solutions for small earthquakes by incorporating multiple seismic data types in Bayesian joint [...]
Displacement hazard from distributed ruptures in strike-slip earthquakes
Published: 2023-03-19
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Widespread distributed fracturing during earthquakes threatens infrastructure and lifelines. We combine high-resolution rupture maps from the five major surface-rupturing strike-slip earthquakes in southern California and northern Mexico since 1992 to incorporate the displacements produced by distributed ruptures into a probabilistic displacement hazard analysis framework. Through analysis of the [...]
A scoping review of seismic risk communication in Europe
Published: 2023-03-15
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Although earthquakes are a threat in many countries and considerable resources have been invested in safety regulations, communities at risk often lack awareness and preparedness. Risk communication is a key tool for building resilient communities, raising awareness, and increasing preparedness. Over the past 2 decades, seismic risk communication has evolved significantly. This has led to a [...]
Complex rupture evolution of the 2007 Martinique earthquake: a non-double-couple event in the Caribbean Sea
Published: 2023-03-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A large non-double-couple component of a tectonic earthquake indicates that its rupture likely was complex and likely involved multiple faults. Detailed source models of such earthquakes can add to our understanding of earthquake source complexity. The 2007 Martinique earthquake in the Caribbean Sea is one of the largest recent earthquakes with a known large non-double-couple component. It was an [...]
Asperity-like (segmented) structure of the 6 February 2023 Turkish earthquakes
Published: 2023-03-10
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Key to studies of the rupture process is the identification of its major segmentation into asperities. Common multi-parametric methods invert for a continuous slip distribution; they usually rely on a predefined fault position, nucleation point, planarity, smoothing, etc. Here we propose more flexible low-parametric inversions - multi-point seismic source models, and multi-patch GPS models. We [...]