Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing

geodl: An R package for geospatial deep learning semantic segmentation using torch and terra

Aaron E Maxwell, Sarah Farhadpour, Srinjoy Das

Published: 2024-07-18
Subjects: Geology, Geomorphology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Programming Languages and Compilers

Convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning (DL) methods have transformed the analysis of geospatial, Earth observation, and geophysical data due to their ability to model spatial context information at multiple scales. Such methods are especially applicable to pixel-level classification, or semantic segmentation, tasks. A variety of R packages have been developed for processing and [...]

The Overlooked Sub-Grid Air-Sea Flux in Climate Models

Julius Busecke, Dhruv Balwada, Paige Martin`, et al.

Published: 2024-05-18
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Oceanography

Understanding air-sea interaction is crucial for our ability to predict future states of the climate system, and to inform economic and societal decision-making. However, the representation of air-sea interactions in climate models is limited by structural errors associated with model resolution. Coarse-resolution climate models do not resolve small-scale structures in the air-sea state, which, [...]

A Review of Machine Learning in Snow Water Equivalent Monitoring

Faye Hsu, Ziheng Sun, Gokul Prathin, et al.

Published: 2024-05-10
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Computer Sciences, Databases and Information Systems, Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

In recent years, the scientific community focused on snow dynamics has witnessed a surge in efforts aimed at enhancing Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) monitoring capabilities, largely propelled by the incorporation of Machine Learning (ML) techniques. This comprehensive review delves into the current state of research within this evolving domain, shedding light on the indispensable role of precise [...]

Numerical simulation of the 2D trajectory of a non-buoyant fluid parcel under the influence of inertial oscillation

Sandy Hardian Susanto Herho, Iwan Pramesti Anwar, Katarina Evelyn Permata Herho, et al.

Published: 2024-04-24
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Fluid Dynamics, Numerical Analysis and Computation, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Oceanography

The trajectory of non-buoyant fluid parcels under the influence of inertial oscillations is a pivotal phenomenon in geophysical fluid dynamics, impacting processes such as tracer transport, pollutant dispersion, and the dynamics of marine organisms. This study presents a comprehensive numerical investigation of the two-dimensional trajectory of a non-buoyant fluid parcel subjected to inertial [...]

DASCore: a Python Library for Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing

Derrick Chambers, Ge Jin, Ahmad Tourei, et al.

Published: 2024-01-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing

In the past decade, distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) has enabled many new monitoring applications in diverse fields including hydrocarbon exploration and extraction; induced, local, regional, and global seismology; infrastructure and urban monitoring; and several others. However, to date, the open-source software ecosystem for handling DAS data is relatively immature. Here we introduce DASCore, [...]

Deep learning with simulated laser scanning data for 3D point cloud classification

Alberto M. Esmorís, Hannah Weiser, Lukas Winiwarter, et al.

Published: 2024-01-17
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Other Earth Sciences

Laser scanning is an active remote sensing technique applied in many disciplines to acquire state-of-the-art spatial measurements. Semantic labeling is often necessary to extract information from the raw point cloud. Deep learning methods constitute a data-hungry solution for the semantic segmentation of point clouds. In this work, we investigate the use of simulated laser scanning for training [...]

Open-source approach for reproducible substrate mapping using semantic segmentation on recreation-grade side scan sonar datasets

Cameron Scott Bodine, Daniel David Buscombe, Toby D. Hocking

Published: 2023-12-21
Subjects: Analysis, Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Databases and Information Systems, Environmental Monitoring, Hydrology, Natural Resources and Conservation, Numerical Analysis and Computation, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Programming Languages and Compilers, Software Engineering, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology, Water Resource Management

Knowledge of the variation and distribution of substrates at large spatial extents in aquatic systems, particularly rivers, is severely lacking, impeding species conservation and ecosystem restoration efforts. Air and space-borne remote sensing important for terrestrial and atmospheric measurements are limited in benthic environments due to river stage, turbidity, and canopy cover, requiring [...]

Role of Indonesian Archipelago on Global Thermohaline Circulation: Insights from Numerical Experiments

Sandy Hardian Susanto Herho, Iwan Pramesti Anwar, Gisma Aminurah Firdaus, et al.

Published: 2023-12-19
Subjects: Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

This study employs the cGENIE Earth System Model to investigate the effects of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) and Indonesian Archipelago (IA) closure on global meridional thermohaline circulation (THC). Over a simulated period of 10,000 years, the analysis centers on critical variables, including surface density, vertical density profiles, global overturning circulation, and ocean ventilation [...]

Sensitivity Analysis of Global Kinematics on Mantle Structure Using Automatically Generated Adjoint Thermochemical Convection Codes

Nicolas Coltice, Simon Blessing, Ralph Giering, et al.

Published: 2023-12-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Tectonics and Structure

Within the past 30 years, numerical models of mantle convection have been able to predict observations on Earth and planets, and among them tectonics. The possibility of building inverse problems in global geodynamics became concrete, and often involve the development of adjoint codes. Such tools provide efficient ways to estimate sensitivities of misfit functions relative to control parameters, [...]

A paradigm shift towards decentralized cloud-integrated spatial data infrastructures: Lessons learned and solutions provided for public authorities

Florian Beyer, Patric Brandt, Michael Schmidt, et al.

Published: 2023-06-08
Subjects: Agriculture, Computer and Systems Architecture, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Sustainability

Digital transformation is a key to turn public authorities into organisations that make decisions based on data-driven insights. The use of big geodata can enable public authorities to tackle complex sustainability issues. However, the efficient management of large amounts of geodata through implementing viable data infrastructures represents a major challenge for public authorities. In this [...]

Global multi-hazard risk assessment in a changing climate

Zélie Stalhandske, Carmen B. Steinmann, Simona Meiler, et al.

Published: 2023-04-20
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Climate, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Risk Analysis

Natural hazards pose significant risks to people and assets in many regions of the world. Quantifying associated risks is crucial for many applications such as adaptation option appraisal and insurance pricing. However, traditional risk assessment approaches have focused on the impacts of single hazards, ignoring the effects of multi-hazard risks and potentially leading to underestimations or [...]

PyRaysum: Software for Modeling Ray-theoretical Plane Body-wave Propagation in Dipping Anisotropic Media

Wasja Bloch, Pascal Audet

Published: 2023-02-10
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing

This article introduces PyRaysum, a Python software for modeling ray-theoretical body-wave propagation in dipping and/or anisotropic layered media based on the popular Fortran code Raysum. We improve and expand upon Raysum in several ways: 1) we significantly reduce the overhead by avoiding input/output operations; 2) we implement automatic phase labeling to facilitate the interpretation of [...]

A Bayesian Level Set Method for Identifying Subsurface Geometries and Rheological Properties in Stokes Flow

Lukas Holbach, Michael Gurnis, Georg Stadler

Published: 2023-01-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing

We aim to simultaneously infer the shape of subsurface structures and material properties such as density or viscosity from surface observations. Modeling mantle flow using incompressible instantaneous Stokes equations, the problem is formulated as an infinite-dimensional Bayesian inverse problem. Subsurface structures are described as level sets of a smooth auxiliary function, allowing for [...]

Improving Shoreline Forecasting Models with Multi-Objective Genetic Programming

Mahmoud Al Najar, Rafael Almar, Erwin W. J. Bergsma, et al.

Published: 2023-01-11
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Climate, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Oceanography, Sedimentology, Statistical Models

Given the current context of climate change and increasing population densities at coastal zones, there is an increasing need to be able to predict the development of our coasts. Recent advances in artificial intelligence allow for automatic analysis of observational data. This work makes use of Symbolic Regression, a type of Machine Learning algorithm, to evolve interpretable shoreline [...]

Application of micro-CT to deep-marine outcrop data: towards a new tool to better assess primary sedimentary structures and processes at their origin

Pauline Cornard, Gerald Degenhart, Peter Tropper, et al.

Published: 2022-12-17
Subjects: Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Sedimentology

A new application of micro-CT on consolidated sediment-gravity flow deposits is presented with the objectives to characterize its internal sedimentary three-dimensional (3D) structures. The proposed concept is applied to three types of deep-marine sandstones, sampled in study areas showing different compositional properties: the Upper Cretaceous Gosau Group (Austria), the Eocene Hecho Group [...]

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