Preprints
There are 5726 Preprints listed.
Stochastic properties of coastal flooding events -- Part 1: CNN-based semantic segmentation for water detection
Published: 2023-03-23
Subjects: Engineering
The frequency and intensity of coastal flooding is expected to accelerate in low-elevation coastal areas due to sea level rise. Coastal flooding due to wave overtopping affects coastal communities and infrastructure; however, it can be difficult to monitor in remote and vulnerable areas. Here we use a camera-based system to measure beach and back-beach flooding as part of the after-storm recovery [...]
Greenhouse gas intensity of geologic hydrogen produced from subsurface deposits
Published: 2023-03-23
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Oil, Gas, and Energy
Geologic hydrogen (H2) deposits could be a source of climate friendly energy. In this work, we perform a prospective life cycle assessment of a generic geologic hydrogen production and processing system. While it is still too early in the development cycle to estimate precise life-cycle carbon intensities (CI) we can use fundamental engineering physics and chemistry to estimate CI. Our baseline [...]
The Effect of Preferential Nucleation Sites on the Distribution of Secondary Mineral Precipitates
Published: 2023-03-21
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences
In the process of mineral nucleation and growth, substrate surface properties and substrate types introduce favorable areas where nucleation events are more likely to occur. The preferential sites for mineral nucleation exist because of the lower interfacial free energy between the precipitating phase and the substrate. In this work, we used a pore-scale Lattice Boltzmann (LB)-based reactive [...]
Stream Thermalscape Scenarios for British Columbia, Canada
Published: 2023-03-21
Subjects: Fresh Water Studies, Hydrology, Natural Resources and Conservation, Water Resource Management
Water temperature is a key feature of freshwater ecosystems but comprehensive datasets are severely lacking, a limiting factor in research and management of freshwater species and habitats. An existing statistical stream temperature model developed for British Columbia, Canada, was refit to predict August mean stream temperatures, a common index of stream thermal regime also used in thermalscapes [...]
Crowdsourcing air temperature data for the evaluation of the urban microscale model PALM—a case study in central Europe
Published: 2023-03-21
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
In summertime and during heat events the urban heat island can negatively impact public health in urban areas. In the context of climate change, climate adaptation receives more attention in urban planning. Microscale urban climate modelling can identify risk areas and evaluate adaptation strategies. Concurrently, evaluating the model results with observational data is essential. So far, model [...]
Rise and fall of Caribbean mangroves
Published: 2023-03-21
Subjects: Life Sciences
Mangrove forests, which are essential for the maintenance of terrestrial and marine biodiversity on tropical coasts and constitute the main blue-carbon ecosystems for the mitigation of global warming, are among the world’s most threatened ecosystems. Mangrove conservation can greatly benefit from paleoecological and evolutionary studies, as past analogs documenting the responses of these [...]
Precipitation-induced Geometry Evolution during Reactive Transport: Experimental and Numerical Insights into Stochastic Dynamics of Mineral Growth
Published: 2023-03-21
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences
Crystal nucleation, precipitation, and growth during a reactive fluid flow and solute transport are critical in many natural and industrial systems. Mineral growth is a prime example where (geo)chemical reactions give rise to geometry evolution in porous media. Motivated by the importance of incorporating stochastic dynamics of nucleation, crystallization, and growth kinetics in studying a [...]
The rise of preprints in Earth Sciences
Published: 2023-03-21
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Short communication highlighting the rise of preprints in Earth Sciences.
Displacement hazard from distributed ruptures in strike-slip earthquakes
Published: 2023-03-19
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Widespread distributed fracturing during earthquakes threatens infrastructure and lifelines. We combine high-resolution rupture maps from the five major surface-rupturing strike-slip earthquakes in southern California and northern Mexico since 1992 to incorporate the displacements produced by distributed ruptures into a probabilistic displacement hazard analysis framework. Through analysis of the [...]
Geodynamic control on Pleistocene coral reef development: insights from northwest Sumba Island (Indonesia)
Published: 2023-03-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The fossil record of Quaternary reef systems, as expressed in uplifted regions by sequences of stacked terraces, has been extensively used either to understand their morphodynamics or to unravel sea level variations. Yet, because these two aspects are intimately linked, Quaternary reef analysis is often underdetermined because the analysis often focuses on single sequences, along one-dimensional [...]
The Future of Developed Barrier Systems - Part I: Pathways Toward Uninhabitability, Drowning, and Rebound
Published: 2023-03-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Developed barrier systems (barrier islands and spits) are lowering and narrowing with sea-level rise (SLR) such that habitation will eventually become infeasible or prohibitively expensive in its current form. Before reaching this state, communities will make choices to modify the natural and built environment to reduce relatively short-term risk. Simulations conducted using a new coupled [...]
Ferdinand von Hochstetter’s November 1860 Folio of New Zealand survey data and the location of the Pink and White Terraces
Published: 2023-03-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology
This research utilises Ferdinand von Hochstetter’s unpublished November 1860 Folio of survey data from the first major terrestrial topographical and geological survey in New Zealand. The Folio data enable the reconstruction of the survey across the North Island to Lake Rotomahana, with unique bearings to the lost Pink and White Terraces. Originally prepared for the purposes of cartographic [...]
The Role of Diffusivity Changes on The Pattern of Warming in Energy Balance Models
Published: 2023-03-17
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Atmospheric macroturbulence transports energy down the equator-to-pole gradient. This is represented by diffusion in energy balance models (EBMs), and EBMs have proven valuable to understanding and quantifying the pattern of surface temperature change. They typically assume climate-state independent diffusivity, chosen to well represent the current climate, and find that this is sufficient to [...]
Continuous isolated noise sources induce repeating waves in the coda of ambient noise correlations
Published: 2023-03-17
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Other Physics
Continuous excitation of isolated noise sources leads to repeating wave arrivals in cross correlations of ambient seismic noise, including throughout their coda. These waves propagate from the isolated sources. We observe this effect on correlation wavefields computed from two years of field data recorded at the Gräfenberg array in Germany and two master stations in Europe. Beamforming the [...]
The Stirring Tropics: The Ubiquity of Moisture Modes and Moisture-Vortex
Published: 2023-03-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Observationsofcolumnwatervaporinthetropicsshowsignificantvariationsinspaceandtime,indicatingthatitisstrongly influenced by the passage of weather systems. It is hypothesized that many of the influencing systems are moisture modes, systems whose thermodynamics are governed by moisture. On the basis of four objective criteria, results suggest that all oceanic convectively-coupled tropical [...]