Preprints
There are 5476 Preprints listed.
The Seismic Signature of California's Earthquakes, Droughts, and Floods
Published: 2022-11-03
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
his study investigates changes in seismic velocities in the period 1999-2021 using about 700 permanent and temporary broadband seismic stations in the state of California. We compute single-station cross-correlations of the ambient seismic noise and use the coda-wave interferometry to measure the changes in seismic velocities ({\it dv/v}) using a stretching technique. We focus on the 2-4Hz [...]
Salt tectonics in intracontinental sedimentary basins: Triassic – Jurassic salt movement in the Baltic sector of the North German Basin and its relation to post-Permian regional tectonics
Published: 2022-11-03
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Tectonics and Structure
The formation and structural evolution of complex intracontinental basins, like the North German Basin, mark fundamental earth processes. Understanding these is not only essential to basic research but also of socioeconomic importance because of the multitude of resources, potential hazards and subsurface use capability in such basins. As part of the Central European Basin System, major [...]
The forearc ophiolites of California (USA) formed during trench-parallel spreading: kinematic reconstruction of the western USA Cordillera since the Jurassic
Published: 2022-11-01
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Ophiolites, fragments of oceanic lithosphere exposed on land, are typically found as isolated klippen in intensely deformed fold-thrust belts spanning hundreds to thousands of kilometers along-strike. Ophiolites whose geochemistry indicates that they formed above subduction zones, may have been relics of larger, once-coherent, oceanic lithosphere tracts that formed the leading edge of an upper [...]
The ice dynamic and melting response of Pine Island Ice Shelf to calving
Published: 2022-10-31
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Sea level rise contributions from Pine Island Glacier (PIG) are strongly modulated by the backstress that its floating extension – Pine Island Ice Shelf (PIIS) – exerts on the adjoining grounded ice. The front of PIIS has recently retreated significantly via calving, and satellite and theoretical analyses have suggested further retreat is inevitable. As well as inducing an instantaneous increase [...]
Fire From Volcanic Activity: Quantifying the threat from an understudied hazard
Published: 2022-10-30
Subjects: Risk Analysis, Volcanology
Fire from volcanic activity (FFVA) is a highly dangerous and largely understudied hazard arising from volcanic activity. FFVA can be caused by a variety of volcanic hazards and can greatly compound the damage and losses associated with volcanic activity, in addition to creating complications for event response and mitigation. In this study, we develop a FFVA ignition probability model underpinned [...]
Deep Learning-Based Super-Resolution of Digital Elevation Models in Data Poor Regions.
Published: 2022-10-29
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Computer Engineering, Geomorphology
In order to develop reliable models, the geoscientific community requires high-resolution data sets. However, the collection of such data is a persistent challenge due to the limitations of resources. The concept of super-resolution, a method from the field of machine learning, can be used to predict a high-resolution version of a low-resolution dataset to improve usability in geoscientific [...]
Impact of Deccan Volcanism on Reorganization of the Indian plate kinematics
Published: 2022-10-29
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure
Western Indian Ocean basin shows one of the most complex signatures of the ocean floor anomalies by juxtaposition of the rapidly evolving, multiple spreading ridges, subduction systems and microcontinental slivers. This study based on ocean floor magnetic anomalies, gravity gradient map, tomographic profiles and geometrical kinematic models reports a significant westward drift of the Central [...]
Volcanic risk to marine infrastructure and shipping
Published: 2022-10-28
Subjects: Nature and Society Relations, Volcanology
Exploration of volcanic risk over recent decades has helped garner a detailed understanding of the vulnerabilities and processes at work in the terrestrial setting, but relatively little is understood about volcanic risk at sea, despite our increasing reliance on surface shipping, energy and resource infrastructure, and submarine telecoms cables. This lack of understanding is rooted in (1) a lack [...]
Spatial variation in shallow slow earthquake activity in Hyuga-nada, southwest Japan
Published: 2022-10-28
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Hyuga-nada, off the Pacific coast of Kyushu along the Nankai Trough in southwest Japan, is one of the most active slow earthquake regions around Japan. We estimated the energies of shallow tremors and moments of shallow very low frequency earthquakes (VLFEs) in Hyuga-nada using data from a permanent onshore broadband network and temporary ocean bottom seismometer observations. The energies and [...]
Atmospheric carbon emissions from benthic trawling depend on water depth and ocean circulation
Published: 2022-10-28
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Through its vastness, resilience and biogeochemical complexity, the ocean offers humanity some of the largest potential natural pathways for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere while avoiding new sources of anthropogenic emissions. In proposing a network of new marine protected areas in service of global ocean conservation, Sala et al. describe a potentially large climate benefit of such [...]
Phanerozoic cooling events in the continental rims of the Central Atlantic Ocean.
Published: 2022-10-28
Subjects: Geology, Geomorphology, Sedimentology, Tectonics and Structure
In this review, we have digitized and georeferenced over 7000 Low-Temperature Thermochronology (LTT) data points and 750 Time-Temperature Modelling (TTM) results from 252 published works. The study area includes the continental crusts adjacent to the rifted margins (~Late Triassic to Early Jurassic) of the Central Atlantic Ocean and its direct neighbours. Our main intention is to map out the [...]
Strategies for making geoscience PhD recruitment more equitable
Published: 2022-10-28
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Education, Outdoor Education, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Doctoral study is a crucial part of the academic pipeline, but discriminatory admissions procedures disproportionately impact students from ethnic minority backgrounds. We examine how doctoral recruitment policies contribute to inequity in the geosciences and propose improvements for change.
The Importance of Internal Climate Variability in Climate Impact Projections
Published: 2022-10-28
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies
Uncertainty in climate projections is driven by three components: scenario uncertainty, inter-model uncertainty, and internal variability. Although socioeconomic climate impact studies increasingly take into account the first two components, little attention has been paid to the role of internal variability, though underestimating this uncertainty may lead to underestimating the socioeconomic [...]
Quantitative constraints on flood variability in the rock record.
Published: 2022-10-28
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Floods determine river behaviour in time and space. Yet quantitative measures of discharge variability from geological stratigraphy are sparse, even though they are critical to understand landscape sensitivity to past and future environmental change. Here we show how storm-driven river floods in the geologic past can be quantified, using Carboniferous stratigraphy as an exemplar. The geometries [...]
PySulfSat: An Open-Source Python3 Tool for modelling sulfide and sulfate saturation
Published: 2022-10-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences
We present PySulfSat, an Open-Source Python3 tool for modeling sulfide and anhydrite saturation in magmas. PySulfSat supports a variety of data types (spreadsheets, Petrolog3 outputs, MELTS tbl files). PySulfSat can be used with alphaMELTS for Python infrastructure to track sulfur solubility during fractional crystallization within a single Jupyter Notebook. PySulfSat allows far more [...]