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Preprints

There are 5976 Preprints listed.

Analysis of nationwide groundwater monitoring networks using lumped-parameter models

Raoul Alexander Collenteur, Christian Moeck, Mario Schirmer, et al.

Published: 2022-12-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Other Civil and Environmental Engineering

Many countries maintain nationwide groundwater networks to monitor the status of their groundwater resources. For effective groundwater resource management, it is fundamental to understand the groundwater dynamics measured in the individual monitoring wells. Nationwide monitoring networks typically cover multiple aquifer systems with different degrees of environmental complexity. The analysis of [...]

Erosion rate maps highlight spatio-temporal patterns of uplift and quantify sediment export of the Northern Andes

Richard F Ott, Nicolas Perez-Cosnuegra, Dirk Scherler, et al.

Published: 2022-12-29
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Erosion rates are widely used to assess tectonic uplift and sediment export from mountain ranges. However, the scarcity of erosion rate measurements often hinders detailed tectonic interpretations. Here, we present 25 new cosmogenic nuclide-derived erosion rates from the Northern Andes of Colombia to study spatio-temporal patterns of uplift along the Central and Eastern Cordillera. Specifically, [...]

A thermomechanical model for argillaceous hard soils - weak rocks: application to THM simulation of deep excavations in claystone

Saeed Tourchi, Miguel Angel Manica Malcom, Jean Vaunat, et al.

Published: 2022-12-29
Subjects: Engineering

The paper presents the enhancement of an existing constitutive model for argillaceous hard soils-weak rocks for non-isothermal conditions, to be used in coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) simulations of underground excavations subjected to temperature variations within the context of deep geological nuclear waste disposal. The proposed thermo-elastoplastic extension accounts for the effect [...]

Information Content of Hydrologic Data across Space: Streamflow Predictions using Machine Learning

Abhinav Gupta

Published: 2022-12-29
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

This study aimed to assess the usefulness of data from donor watersheds to predict streamflow in parent watersheds. For this purpose, Long-Short Memory Network (LSTM) is used as an information extraction algorithm. Data from a total of 434 watersheds were used in this study. Out of these 434 watersheds, 57 watersheds were selected as the parent watersheds. These 57 watersheds were those where [...]

Deep Learning Models for River Classification at Sub-Meter Resolutions from Multispectral and Panchromatic Commercial Satellite Imagery

Joachim Moortgat, Ziwei Li, Michael Durand, et al.

Published: 2022-12-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Remote sensing of the Earth's surface water is critical in a wide range of environmental studies, from evaluating the societal impacts of seasonal droughts and floods to the large-scale implications of climate change. Consequently, a large literature exists on the classification of water from satellite imagery. Yet, previous methods have been limited by 1) the spatial resolution of public [...]

Two sources of uncertainty in estimating tephra volumes from isopachs: perspectives and quantification

Qingyuan Yang, Susanna F Jenkins

Published: 2022-12-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences

Calculating the volume of tephra erupted is important for estimating eruption intensity and magnitude. Traditionally, tephra volumes are estimated by integrating the area under curves fit to the square root of hand-drawn isopach areas. Previous studies have attempted to quantify the uncertainty in this approach, but not all sources of uncertainty have been well-analyzed or addressed. In this [...]

Potential Effects of Climate Change on Black Sea Water Temperatures

Ufuk Ozkan, Bilge Tutak

Published: 2022-12-26
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

There is a consensus that the Black Sea is affected by climate change in many ways. The Black Sea Physical Reanalysis system and Argo measurements are used for analyzing not only sea surface temperature (SST), but also the entire Black Sea over the period from 1993 to 2019. Linear regression and Mann-Kendall tests are used for detecting trends and the Pearson-correlation coefficient is used for [...]

Changes in Streamflow Statistical Structure across the United States due to Recent Climate Change

Abhinav Gupta, Rosemary W.H. Carroll, Sean A. McKenna

Published: 2022-12-26
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

A variety of watershed responses to climate change are expected due to non-linear interactions between various hydrologic processes acting at different timescales that are modulated by watershed properties. Changes in statistical structure (spectral properties) of streamflow in the USA due to climate change were studied for water years 1980-2013. The Fractionally differenced Autoregressive [...]

Uncertainties in Water Scarcity Index due to water use and climate changes: Case of two Legal Amazon watersheds

PAULO ROGENES MONTEIRO PONTES, José Rafael de Albuquerque Cavalcanti, Edivaldo Afonso de Oliveira Serrão, et al.

Published: 2022-12-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sustainability, Water Resource Management

Water scarcity is a major global problem with the potential to impact socioeconomic development and the environment. Currently, mitigating issues related to the lack of water has become an aim for the public and private sectors. Water scarcity can be estimated by the ratio between water use (withdrawal or consumption) and water availability (a minimum discharge), named Water Stress Index (WSI). [...]

Tracing timing of growth in cultured mollusks using strontium spiking

Niels J. de Winter, Sterre van Sikkeleras, Barbara Goudsmit-Hazevoort, et al.

Published: 2022-12-23
Subjects: Aquaculture and Fisheries Life Sciences, Biogeochemistry, Geochemistry, Paleontology

Growth experiments present a powerful tool for determining the effect of environmental parameters on growth and carbonate composition in biogenic calcifiers. For successful proxy calibration and biomineralization studies, it is vital to exactly identify volumes of carbonate precipitated at precise intervals during the experiment. Here, we investigate the use of strontium labelling in mollusk [...]

Hillslope recovery after a major earthquake: InSAR-derived time series analyses to capture earthquake-legacy effect

Kun He, Luigi Lombardo, Ling Chang, et al.

Published: 2022-12-23
Subjects: Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology

Mountainous landscapes affected by strong earthquakes exhibit relatively higher landslide susceptibility in post-seismic periods compared to pre-seismic conditions. This concept is referred to as the earthquake legacy effect and is mainly examined by monitoring either rapid landslide occurrences or slow-moving landslides over time. To provide a more comprehensive understanding of the concept, [...]

The Dry Sky: Futures for Humanity’s Modification of the Atmospheric Water Cycle

Patrick W Keys, Lan Wang-Erlandsson, Michele-Lee Moore, et al.

Published: 2022-12-21
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Fresh Water Studies, Hydrology, Meteorology, Natural Resource Economics, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Nature and Society Relations, Sustainability, Water Resource Management

Humanity is modifying the atmospheric water cycle, via land use, climate change, air pollution, and weather modification. Given the implications of this, we present a theoretical framing of atmospheric water as an economic good. Historically, atmospheric water was tacitly considered a ‘public good’ since it was neither actively consumed (rival) nor controlled (exclusive). However, given [...]

The Low Permeability of the Earth’s Precambrian Crust

Grant Ferguson, Jennifer C McIntosh, Oliver Warr, et al.

Published: 2022-12-21
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The large volume of deep groundwater in the Precambrian crust has only recently been understood to be relatively hydrogeologically isolated from the rest of the hydrologic cycle. Currently, the paucity of permeability measurements in the Precambrian crust is a barrier to modeling fluid flow and solute transport in these low porosity and permeability deep environments. Estimates of permeability [...]

Acoustic full waveform inversion for 2-D ambient noise source imaging

Arjun Datta, Bharath Shekar, Pushp Lochan Kumar

Published: 2022-12-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

We present a method for estimating seismic ambient noise sources by acoustic full waveform inversion of interstation cross-correlations. The method is valid at local scales for laterally heterogeneous media, and ambient noise sources confined to the Earth's surface. Synthetic tests performed using an actual field array geometry, are used to illustrate three unique aspects of our work. First: the [...]

MA-SARNet: A one-shot nowcasting framework for SAR image prediction with physical driving forces

Zhouyayan Li, Zhongrun Xiang, Bekir Zahit Demiray, et al.

Published: 2022-12-19
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering

Remote sensing imagery is one of the most widely used data sources for large-scale Earth observations with consistent spatial and temporal quality. However, the current usage scenarios of Earth’s surface remote sensing images, such as those generated from Landsat, Sentinel 2, and SAR, are largely limited to retrospective tasks, as they are often used to reconstruct existing phenomena, such as [...]

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