Preprints
There are 6269 Preprints listed.
Bioavailable Sr and Pb isotope ratios of archaeological cattle bone from coastal India
Published: 2023-04-28
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Geochemistry
We present the first measurement of bioavailable strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and lead (206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb) isotope ratios from five cattle bones and one soil sample from Erenda, a chalcolithic site in coastal east India. Bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr of bones differ from that of the soil. A similar Pb isotope ratio of bones to the soil indicates an insignificant diagenesis and local [...]
Linear analysis of ice-shelf topography response to basal melting and freezing
Published: 2023-04-28
Subjects: Applied Mathematics, Dynamic Systems, Earth Sciences, Fluid Dynamics, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Physics
Floating ice shelves in Antarctica and Greenland limit land-ice contributions to sea level rise by resisting the flow of grounded ice. Melting at the surface and base of ice shelves can lead to destabilisation by promoting thinning and fracturing. Basal melting often results in channelised features that manifest as surface topography due to buoyancy. The assumption of hydrostatic flotation [...]
How particle shape affects granular segregation in industrial and geophysical flows
Published: 2023-04-28
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Industrial and environmental granular flows commonly exhibit a phenomenon known as ``granular segregation," in which grains separate according to physical characteristics (size, shape, density), interfering with industrial applications (cement mixing, medicine and food production) and fundamentally altering the behavior of geophysical flows (landslides, debris flows, pyroclastic flows, [...]
Assessing multi-hazard susceptibility to cryospheric hazards: lesson learnt from an Alaskan example
Published: 2023-04-28
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Geomorphology, Glaciology, Statistical Models
Classifying a given landscape on the basis of its susceptibility to surface processes is a standard procedure in low to mid-latitudes. Conversely, these procedures have hardly been explored in periglacial regions, primarily because of the limited presence of human settlements and, therefore, the little need for risk assessment. However, global warming is radically changing this situation and [...]
APWP-online.org: a global reference database and open-source tools for calculating apparent polar wander paths and relative paleomagnetic displacements
Published: 2023-04-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Paleomagnetism provides a quantitative tool for estimating paleogeographic displacements of rock units relative to the Earth’s spin axis and is widely used to determine relative tectonic displacements (vertical-axis rotations and paleolatitudinal motions). These relative displacements are commonly determined by comparing a study-mean paleomagnetic pole with a reference pole provided by an [...]
Rupture phase in near-fault records of the 2023 Turkey Mw 7.8 earthquake
Published: 2023-04-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Understanding and deciphering wiggles especially coherent phases from seismograms have been a long endeavor to understand the earth structure and earthquake source. However, coherent phases directly associated with earthquake rupture propagation have not been available due to the lack of continuous near-fault observations. Here we report the rupture phase as large velocity pulses during the 2023 [...]
Reconstructing subglacial lake activity with an altimetry-based inverse method
Published: 2023-04-28
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Subglacial lake water-volume changes produce ice-elevation anomalies that provide clues about water flow beneath glaciers and ice sheets. Significant challenges remain in the quantitative interpretation of these elevation-change anomalies because the surface expression of subglacial lake activity depends on basal conditions, rate of water-volume change, and ice rheology. To address these [...]
Climate energy balance models: two layers, orders, timescales, or regions?
Published: 2023-04-28
Subjects: Climate
Climate energy balance models (EBMs) – simple energy-balance-based models of climate change – are widely used. The simplest “linear” EBM is deficient in capturing the behavior of complex climate models, so a “two-layer” model with an additional degree of complexity, i.e. two vertical layers, is typically used. Other additional degrees of complexity are equally plausible as well, however, and [...]
Pushing the Nyquist-Shannon limit: exploiting multi-fidelity observations to provide high-resolution weather maps for climate services, early warning centres and weather forecasts
Published: 2023-04-28
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
The pursue of a higher-resolution gridded climate data and weather forecast requires an unprecedented number of surface observations to model the sub-mesoscale. National meteorological services (NMS) have practical and financial limitations to the number of observations it can collect, therefore, opening the door to crowdsourced weather initiatives might be an interesting option to mitigate data [...]
A successful approach to mangrove ecosystem restoration in the Mauritanian side of the Senegal River Delta
Published: 2023-04-27
Subjects: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
A mangrove ecosystem restoration project was carried for 3 years in the Mauritanian side of the River Senegal Delta where scarce scientific and/or technical references exist on these mangroves located in the northernmost limit on the West African coast. The construction of the Manantali and the Diama dams transformed the once exhuberant delta to an artificial estuary and had dramatically affected [...]
A machine learning-based thermometer, barometer and hygrometer for magmatic liquids
Published: 2023-04-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Experimentally calibrated models to recover pressures, temperatures and water contents of magmas, are widely used in igneous petrology. However, large errors, especially in barometry, limit the capacity of these models to resolve the architecture of crustal igneous systems. Here we apply machine learning to a large experimental database to calibrate new regression models that recover P-T-H2O of [...]
VIVIR BIEN: INTERCULTURAL AND SPIRITUAL APPROACH TO WATER AND POWER IN TIME OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND POLITICAL TRANSFORMATION
Published: 2023-04-27
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Climate change and lack of freshwater are a concern for people living in the Andean highlands, altiplano of Bolivia. The objectives of this study were to establish a culturally appropriate research approach to study water governance and to identify key political actors and engagement processes related to water governance in Bolivia. A qualitative field study was conducted in the Department of La [...]
Active Learning with Deep Autoencoders for Seismic Facies Interpretation
Published: 2023-04-26
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Machine learning-assisted seismic interpretation tasks require large quantities of labeled data annotated by expert interpreters, which is a costly and time-consuming process. Where existing works to minimize dependence on labeled data assume the data annotation process to already be completed, active learning---a field of machine learning---works by selecting the most important training samples [...]
Earth tides can reactivate shallow faults and trigger seabed methane emissions
Published: 2023-04-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The role of solid Earth tide in fault reactivation has significant implications for understanding earthquake triggering, carbon sequestration, and the global carbon budget. Despite extensive research on this topic over the years, the relationship between Earth tide and fault reactivation remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the potential influence of solid Earth tide on the reactivation [...]
Making Planets on Earth: How Experimental Petrology Is Essential to Planetary Exploration
Published: 2023-04-26
Subjects: Planetary Geochemistry, Planetary Sciences
Our knowledge of the evolution of the solar system relies upon our ability to interpret a limited set of observations, including geochemical data from returned samples and meteorites, remotely sensed data from spacecraft and telescopes, and information measured in situ via landers and rovers. Our ability to obtain these data is constantly improving in quality and quantity, but the understanding [...]