Preprints
There are 5493 Preprints listed.
Can fiddler crab bioturbation activity in situ modify the distribution of microplastics in sediments and the influence on their bioaccumulation?
Published: 2022-03-25
Subjects: Life Sciences
Fiddler crabs are known as “eco-engineers” who maintain habitat health through sediment bioturbation, being able to interact with microplastics (MP) due to their daily contact with the sediment. Here, we evaluated MP contamination in mangrove substrates in Isla del Carmen, southern Gulf of Mexico, comparing MP content between burrows and pellets resulting from bioturbation and MP bioaccumulation [...]
The long-run welfare impact of hydrological extremes in sub-Saharan Africa
Published: 2022-03-25
Subjects: Environmental Studies, Human Geography, Hydrology
The economic impact of dry and wet spells is increasingly investigated, also relative to anthropogenic climate change. Combining high-resolution wealth estimates and long-run (1901-2018) hydrological records for nearly one million settlements , here we empirically estimate the long-run welfare impact of hydrological events in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). To achieve causal identification, we adopt a [...]
Structural relationships in and around the Rheasilvia basin on Vesta
Published: 2022-03-25
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Rheasilvia basin is an impact structure occupying most of Vesta’s southern hemisphere. Divalia Fossae, a set of circum-equatorial troughs, were previously proposed to be concentric around the basin, which is widely regarded as evidence that the Rheasilvia impact directly caused the formation of the troughs. Here, we produce a structural map of Rheasilvia that allows for geologic [...]
Unexpected space weather causing the reentry of 38 Starlink satellites in February 2022
Published: 2022-03-25
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The accidental reentry of 38 Starlink satellites occurred in early February, 2022, associated with the occurrence of moderate magnetic storms. Poorly understood structure of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) caused the magnetic storms at unexpected timing. Better understanding of minor CME structures is therefore necessary for modern space weather forecast. The "up to 50%" enhancement of air drag [...]
Controls on surface warming by winter Arctic moist intrusions in idealized large-eddy simulations
Published: 2022-03-25
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The main energy input to the polar regions in winter is the advection of warm, moist air from lower latitudes. This makes the polar climate sensitive to the temperature and moisture of extra-polar air. Here, we study this sensitivity from an air-mass transformation perspective. We perform simulations of an idealized maritime air mass brought into contact with sea ice employing a three-dimensional [...]
A consistent mass-conserving C-staggered method for shallow water equations on global reduced grids
Published: 2022-03-25
Subjects: Numerical Analysis and Computation
The increasing number of cores in modern supercomputers motivated the search for methods with better scalability to model the atmospheric dynamics in global weather forecasting and climate simulations. This objective renewed the interest in grid-point schemes with quasi-uniform spherical grids, with each alternative providing some good properties and some disadvantages. Here, we target reduced [...]
CCC - integrated multiscale study of salt cavern abandonment in the Netherlands
Published: 2022-03-24
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Materials Science and Engineering, Mineral Physics, Mining Engineering, Other Earth Sciences, Tectonics and Structure
The KEM-17 project of the Dutch State Supervision of Mines presented a critical review of concepts of cavern abandonment and related science. It recommended that analyses of cavern abandonment are done as an integrated project, addressing (i) micro-scale physical processes, (ii) cavern scale models based on field scale experiments and numerical models, (iii) the salt dome scale, to model the far [...]
Geochronology and formal stratigraphy of the Sturtian Glaciation in the Adelaide Superbasin
Published: 2022-03-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
The glaciogenic nature of the Yudnamutana Subgroup was first recognized over a century ago, and its global significance was recognized shortly after, with the eventual postulation of a global Sturtian Glaciation and Snowball Earth theory. Much debate on the origin and timing of these rocks, locally and globally, has ensued in the years since. A significant corpus of research on the lithology, [...]
Climate sensitivity & resistance since the Industrial Revolution
Published: 2022-03-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Climate sensitivity is a fundamental yet uncertain metric of Earth’s response to anthropogenic forcing; its temporal evolution in particular is poorly constrained yet critical for leveraging historical observations for future projections. A Bayesian energy balance model indicates a 83% (84%) probability that the climate sensitivity increased (decreased) from 1900-1940 (1940-2010). These trends [...]
A source model for earthquakes near the nucleation dimension
Published: 2022-03-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Earthquake self-similarity is a controversial topic, both observationally and theoretically. Theory predicts a finite nucleation dimension, implying a break of self-similarity below a certain magnitude. While observations of non self-similar earthquake behavior have been reported, their interpretation is challenging due to trade-offs between source and path effects and assumptions on the [...]
Denudation partitioning in carbonate regions reveal climatic and tectonic drivers of carbonate landscape evolution
Published: 2022-03-23
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Carbonate rocks are highly reactive and presumably have higher ratios of chemical weathering to total denudation relative to most other rock types. Their high chemical reactivity affects the first-order morphology of carbonate-dominated landscapes and their sensitivity to climate. However, there have been few efforts to quantify the partitioning of denudation into physical erosion and chemical [...]
Eavesdropping at the speed of light: distributed acoustic sensing of baleen whales in the Arctic
Published: 2022-03-23
Subjects: Marine Biology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Signal Processing
In a post-industrial whaling world, flagship and charismatic baleen whale species are indicators of the health of our oceans. However, traditional monitoring methods provide spatially and temporally undersampled data to evaluate and mitigate the impacts of increasing climatic and anthropogenic pressures for conservation. Here we present the first case of wildlife monitoring using distributed [...]
Mid- to Late Neoproterozoic Development and Provenance of the Adelaide Superbasin
Published: 2022-03-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure
Late Tonian sequences of the Adelaide Superbasin were witness to the birth of the proto-Pacific Ocean during the breakup of Rodinia. Understanding the sedimentology and provenance of these rocks from across the basin is key to understanding their deposition over c. 70 million years, the local palaeogeography, and leads to a better understanding of the early development of the proto-Pacific Ocean. [...]
Discharge-driven rapid bank-erosion and its impact on sediment budgeting in lower Ganga valley: Evidences from Malda district, West Bengal, India
Published: 2022-03-23
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Riverbank erosion coupled with recurrent flooding has been a persistent problem in large parts of the Eastern India. Published data on bank erosion of the Ganga River in West Bengal suggests an annual average of 8 sq. km. land-loss during 1969-1999 and that potentially affected lives of nearly a million people and destroyed various human establishments. In this study, we aim to constrain the [...]
Reducing the Uncertainty of Multi-Well Petrophysical Interpretation from Well Logs via Machine-Learning and Statistical Models
Published: 2022-03-23
Subjects: Analysis, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Geophysics and Seismology, Mining Engineering, Multivariate Analysis, Statistical Methodology, Statistical Models
Well-log interpretation provides in situ estimates of formation properties such as porosity, hydrocarbon pore volume, and permeability. Reservoir models based on well-log-derived formation properties deliver reserve-volume estimates, production forecasts, and help with decision making in reservoir development. However, due to measurement errors, variability of well logs due to multiple [...]