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Preprints

There are 5729 Preprints listed.

Inclination and heterogeneity of layered geological sequences influence dike-induced ground deformation

Matías Clunes, John Browning, Carlos Marquardt, et al.

Published: 2022-05-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Engineering, Mining Engineering

Constraints on the amount and pattern of ground deformation induced by dike emplacement are important for assessing potential eruptions. The vast majority of ground deformation inversions made for volcano monitoring during volcanic unrest assume that dikes are emplaced in either an elastic-half space (a homogeneous crust) or a crust made of horizontal layers with different mechanical properties. [...]

MAGEMin, an efficient Gibbs energy minimizer: application to igneous systems

Nicolas Riel, Boris J.P. Kaus, Eleanor Green, et al.

Published: 2022-05-31
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Prediction of stable mineral equilibria in the Earth’s lithosphere is critical to un- ravel the tectonomagmatic history of exposed geological sections. While the recent ad- vances in geodynamic modelling allow us to explore the dynamics of magmatic trans- fer in solid mediums, there is to date no available thermodynamic package that can eas- ily be linked and efficiently accounts for the [...]

Magnetic fabrics of rhyolite ignimbrites reveal complex emplacement dynamics of pyroclastic density currents, an example from the Altenberg–Teplice Caldera, Bohemian Massif

Petr Vitouš, Filip Tomek, Michael S Petronis

Published: 2022-05-31
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) is commonly used to infer the flow dynamics, source areas, and post-emplacement processes of pyroclastic density currents (PDC) of young calderas (i.e. Cenozoic). At older calderas, the primary record is often obscured by post-emplacement deformation and/or long-term erosion. Here, we focus on the ~314–313 Ma welded ignimbrites inside the [...]

Mantle plumes and their interactions

Bernhard Maximilian Steinberger, Alisha Brigitta Steinberger

Published: 2022-05-31
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Hotspots are regions of intraplate volcanism or especially strong volcanism along plate boundaries, and many of them are likely caused by underlying mantle plumes – localized hot upwellings from deep inside the Earth. It is still uncertain, whether all plumes or just some of them rise from the lowermost mantle, and to what extent and where they entrain chemically different materials. Also, [...]

Bayesian modelling of piecewise trends and discontinuities to improve the estimation of coastal vertical land motion

Julius Oelsmann, Marcello Passaro, Laura Sanchez, et al.

Published: 2022-05-31
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

One of the major sources of uncertainty affecting vertical land motion (VLM) estimations are discontinuities and trend changes. Trend changes are most commonly caused by seismic deformation, but can also stem from long-term (decadal to multidecadal) surface loading changes or from local origins. Although these issues have been extensively addressed for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) [...]

The historical impact of anthropogenic air-borne sulphur on the Pleistocene rock art of Sulawesi

Michael Gagan, Halmar Halide, Raden Permana, et al.

Published: 2022-05-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Sciences, Geochemistry, Natural Resources and Conservation

The Maros-Pangkep karst in southwest Sulawesi, Indonesia, contains some of the world’s oldest rock art. However, the Pleistocene images survive only as weathered patches of pigment on exfoliated limestone surfaces. Salt efflorescence underneath the case-hardened limestone substrate causes spall-flaking, and it has been proposed that the loss of artwork has accelerated over recent decades. Here, [...]

Visualizing Best and Worst Case Scenarios in Joint, Constrained, and Time-Dependent Inversions I: Null-Space Transfer and Image-Space Contradictions

Alex Hobé, Ari Tryggvason

Published: 2022-05-31
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology

Because geophysical inversion is used in many vital societal applications, it is unfortunate that some aspects of inverse methods are so abstract. The difficulty of identifying fundamental behaviors is exacerbated when investigating large non-linear problems which combine multiple datasets into a single model, or which produce multiple models with constraints between them. In this first of [...]

Efficient Probabilistic Prediction and Uncertainty Quantification of Hurricane Surge and Inundation

William James Pringle, Zachary R Burnett, Khachik Sargsyan, et al.

Published: 2022-05-31
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

This study proposes a methodology for efficient probabilistic prediction of near-landfall hurricane-driven storm surge, tide, and inundation. We perturb forecasts of hurricane track, intensity, and size according to quasi-random low-discrepancy Korobov sequences of historical forecast errors with assumed Gaussian and uniform statistical distributions. These perturbations are run in an ensemble of [...]

Diagenetic priming of submarine landslides in ooze-rich substrates

Nan Wu, Christopher Aiden-Lee Jackson, Michael Andrew Clare, et al.

Published: 2022-05-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Sedimentology

Oozes are the most widespread deep-sea sediment in the global ocean, but very little is known about how changes in their physical properties during burial impact slope stability and related geohazards. Here, we use 3D seismic reflection, geochemical, and petrophysical data acquired both within and adjacent to 13 large (in total c. 6330 km2) submarine slides on the Exmouth Plateau, NW Shelf, [...]

Paleoclimate controls on lithium enrichment in Great Basin Pliocene-Pleistocene lacustrine clays

Catherine A Gagnon, Kristina Butler, Elizabeth Gaviria, et al.

Published: 2022-05-29
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Natural Resources and Conservation, Other Environmental Sciences, Sedimentology

Terminal lakes are important archives of continental hydroclimate and in some cases contain important economic resources. Here, we present an ∼2.9 m.y. lacustrine carbonate carbon and oxygen stable isotope record from a Great Basin continental drill core. We paired these measurements with bulk lithium concentrations to reveal a relationship between past climate and lithium enrichment in [...]

How to drain a megalake: Comments on a study by Palcu et al. (2021) Scientific Reports 11, Art. Nr.: 11471.

Michal Šujan, Natália Hudáčková, Imre Magyar

Published: 2022-05-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Oceanography, Paleobiology, Paleontology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure

In a recent paper by Palcu et al. (2021: Scientific Reports 11, Art. Nr.: 11471), the Cape Panagia section on the Taman peninsula (Russian Black Sea) was dated using magnetostratigraphy, in order to calibrate the timing of previously published regressions of the Paratethys megalake. The authors of the paper claim that this “largest megalake in the geological record” experienced four major [...]

Retrieving Chl-a and total suspended solids in in-land waters using EnMAP simulated data

Mohammadmehdi Saberioon, Vahid Khosravi, Jakub Brom, et al.

Published: 2022-05-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences

The Environmental Mapping and analysis program (EnMAP) is a new Earth observation satellite which will use imaging spectroscopy to obtain a diagnostic characterisation of the Earth's surface and record changes. Since we hypothesis that imaging spectroscopy can significantly improve the accuracy of predicting and assessing water quality traits of small in-land waters, our study investigates the [...]

Tectono-sedimentary evolution of Southern Mexico. Implications for Cretaceous and younger source-to-sink systems in the Mexican foreland basins and the Gulf of Mexico

Diego Villagomez, Carl Steffensen, James Pindell, et al.

Published: 2022-05-25
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

An extensive dataset of existing and new geo/thermochronological data from several areas in Southern Mexico constrains the tectonic history of the region, as well as various source-to-sink relationships and local burial histories. Our interpretation acknowledges that not all cooling/heating observed in the source areas is due to erosional exhumation/burial but, in some cases, due to advective [...]

Salt-detached strike-slip faulting, Outer Kwanza Basin, Offshore Angola

Aurio Erdi, Christopher Aiden-Lee Jackson

Published: 2022-05-25
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure

We here use a 3D seismic reflection dataset from Outer Kwanza Basin, offshore Angola to examine the structure and growth of salt-detached strike-slip faults. The faults occur in four, up to 13.8 km-long, NE-trending arrays that are physically linked by restraining bend and releasing stepovers, and which presently overlie Aptian salt and base-salt relief related to pre-salt faulting. We suggest [...]

Caledonian hot zone magmatism in the “Newer Granites”: insight from the Cluanie and Clunes plutons, Northern Scottish Highlands

Eilidh J.M. Milne, Iain Neill, Ian Millar, et al.

Published: 2022-05-24
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Scottish “Newer” Granites record the evolution of the Caledonides resulting from Iapetus subduction and slab breakoff during the Silurian-Devonian Scandian Orogeny, but relationships between geodynamics, petrogenesis and emplacement are incomplete. Laser ablation U-Pb results from magmatic zircons at the Cluanie Pluton (Northern Highlands) identify clusters of concordant Silurian data points. A [...]

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