Preprints
There are 5068 Preprints listed.
Integrating Conversational AI Agents for Enhanced Water Quality Analytics: Development of a Novel Data Expert System
Published: 2024-06-01
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Civil Engineering, Databases and Information Systems, Environmental Engineering, Hydrology, Software Engineering
Despite advancements in environmental monitoring, the gap between data collection and user-friendly data interpretation remains a significant challenge, especially in the domain of water quality management. This paper introduces the Artificial Intelligence Data Expert (AI-DE), a novel data analytics system that is designed to facilitate on-demand analysis of time-series sensor data related to [...]
Ensemble Kalman, Adaptive Gaussian Mixture, and Particle Flow Filters for Optimized Earthquake Forecasting
Published: 2024-06-01
Subjects: Dynamical Systems, Geophysics and Seismology, Other Statistics and Probability
Probabilistic forecasts are regarded as the highest achievable goal when predicting earthquakes, but limited information on stress, strength, and governing parameters of the seismogenic sources affects their accuracy. Ensemble data-assimilation methods, such as the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF), estimate these variables by combining physics-based models and observations.While the EnKF has [...]
Mitigating marine plastic debris in Hong Kong: an action plan
Published: 2024-05-31
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Other Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The impact of marine debris ranges from ecological and social to economic, including ingestion by wildlife, loss of tourist potential and high costs of clean-ups and reallocation of collected litter. In Hong Kong, an astounding amount of litter is collected annually, encompassing plastic food packaging, bottles and bottle caps. With over 60% of discarded items originating from shoreline [...]
Technological Trends in The Field of Hydrology and Environmental Sciences: A Bibliometric Analysis
Published: 2024-05-31
Subjects: Civil Engineering, Computational Engineering, Education, Engineering, Environmental Engineering
The rapid advancement and widespread adoption of technology, particularly in web applications and artificial intelligence, have significantly impacted various sectors, including industry, social media, government, and research. This surge in technological utilization has played a pivotal role in the evolution of hydrogeological and environmental sciences, empowering researchers to harness [...]
Linking petrographic and geochemical indicators of melt reactions in pelitic migmatites and leucogranites
Published: 2024-05-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Anatexis in orogenic systems has wide-reaching implications for the structure, mechanical strength, and later exhumation of the middle crust during orogeny. Previous studies of melt reactions in metapelitic rocks have identified three major melt-producing reactions: fluid-present incongruent melting, fluid-absent muscovite dehydration melting, and fluid-absent biotite dehydration melting. Due to [...]
Assessment of RCA4, CORDEX Africa domains RCMs Performance in Simulating Rainfall and Temperature: A case of Gilgal Gibe watershed, Ethiopia
Published: 2024-05-30
Subjects: Engineering Education
Examining the spatiotemporal dynamics of meteorological variables in the context of changing climate, particularly in countries where rainfed agriculture, and hydropower project are predominant, is vital to assess climate-induced change. CORDEX Africa has been developed to forecast Africa's climate variation and variabilities. the RCA4 regional climate model performance of CORDEX Africa domains [...]
Opening Doors to Physical Sample Data Discovery, Integration, and Credit
Published: 2024-05-30
Subjects: Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology, Earth Sciences, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Sciences, Life Sciences, Microbiology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Systems Biology
Physical samples and their associated (meta)data underpin scientific discoveries across disciplines, and can enable new science when appropriately archived. However, there are significant gaps in community practices and infrastructure that currently prevent accurate provenance tracking, reproducibility, and attribution. For the vast majority of samples, descriptive metadata is often sparse, [...]
STUDY OF THERMOLUMINESCENCE CHARACTERISTICS OF QUARTZ FOR HIGH RADIATION DOSES (>1KGY): IMPLICATIONS FOR EXTENDING THE LUMINESCENCE DATING RANGE
Published: 2024-05-30
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Quartz is an omnipresent abundant natural mineral, used for luminescence dating. Lately, quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) technique is widely used to estimate the equivalent doses (De) for dating geological events (up to 250 Gy, limited by saturation). Some works report thermoluminescence (TL) saturation around ~ (10-40) kGy. Still dose estimates for such high radiation dose (HRD) [...]
Unique composition and evolutionary histories of large low velocity provinces
Published: 2024-05-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The two ``large low velocity provinces'' (LLVPs) are broad, low seismic wave speed anomalies in Earth's lower mantle beneath Africa and the Pacific Ocean. Recent research suggests they contain relatively dense subducted oceanic crust (SOC), but the relative concentration of this recycled material within them is an open question. Using simulations of 3-D global mantle circulation over the past 1 [...]
Future changes in seasonal drought in Australia
Published: 2024-05-30
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Climate change is expected to exacerbate the frequency and intensity of drought in many water-limited regions. However, future drought changes in Australia –the driest inhabited continent on Earth– have remained stubbornly uncertain due to a lack of model agreement in projected precipitation changes in most regions. We use an ensemble of future projections from the National Hydrological [...]
Large indirect economic impacts of tropical cyclones shaped by disaster response
Published: 2024-05-30
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Tropical cyclones (TCs) have direct economic impacts, destroying property and infrastructure. However, the sign and magnitude of their indirect impacts via longer-term changes in economic output remain unclear. Here we use data on TC winds and county-level income in the U.S. to quantify the long-term indirect impacts of TCs. We find a nonlinear response of income growth to TCs, where damages [...]
HarvestGRID: High-resolution harvested crop areas of the United States from 1981 to 2019
Published: 2024-05-29
Subjects: Agriculture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Life Sciences, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
The United States is a major producer and exporter of agricultural goods, fulfilling global demands for food, fiber, and fuel while generating substantial economic benefits. Agriculture in the U.S. not only dominates land use but also ranks as the largest water-consuming sector. High-resolution cropland mapping and insights into cultivation trends are essential to enhance sustainable management [...]
Ringing mountain ranges: Teleseismic signature of the interaction of high-frequency wavefields with near-source topography at the Degelen nuclear test site
Published: 2024-05-26
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Over the last decade there has been an international effort to find methods to recover and digitize recordings from historical earthquakes and explosions that occurred during the 1950’s through to the 1980’s. Making these recordings accessible in digital format offers opportunities to study what signatures are encoded in the data, and to apply state-of-the-art techniques and methods to historical [...]
Local water year values for the conterminous United States
Published: 2024-05-24
Subjects: Fresh Water Studies, Water Resource Management
Quantifying and predicting precipitation and its influence on ecosystems is challenged by the asynchrony between precipitation and water fluxes. To account for this asynchrony, scientists and managers use “water year” to estimate precipitation and its impacts on water flow and ecosystems. However, traditional water year definitions either do not consider areal variation in climate and hydrology [...]
A Comprehensive Evaluation of Multimodal Large Language Models in Hydrological Applications
Published: 2024-05-24
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Environmental Monitoring, Hydrology
Large Language Models (LLMs) combined with visual foundation models have demonstrated remarkable advancements, achieving a level of intelligence comparable to human capabilities. In this study, we conduct an analysis of the latest Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), specifically Multimodal-GPT, GPT-4 Vision, Gemini and LLaVa, focusing on their application in the hydrology domain. The hydrology domain holds [...]