Preprints
There are 6075 Preprints listed.
The Stotfield silcrete (or ‘Stotfield Cherty Rock’), Moray, eastern Scotland: Characterization and discussion of an archaeologically important lithic raw material
Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Human Geography, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
We describe and discuss a lithic raw material new to Scottish prehistoric research: the Stotfield silcrete or Stotfield Cherty Rock. This material was well-known to Scottish geologists, but it was only recently realized that it had been used by prehistoric people in Moray, eastern Scotland. We describe our examination of archaeological Stotfield silcrete, as well as field information relating to [...]
Strengthening ITF and Weakening AMOC: Time Series Evidence of Trends and Causal Pathways to Agulhas Variability
Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Climate, Oceanography, Statistical Models
Multi-decadal observations of major ocean circulation systems reveal contrasting trends and complex inter-basin connectivity patterns that challenge traditional conceptualizations of global ocean circulation. Using non-parametric trend analysis, multi-method causality testing, and wavelet coherence techniques, we analyzed volume transport time series spanning 1984--2023 for the Indonesian [...]
Predictability and randomization of surface air temperature chaotic dynamics
Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The surface air temperature daily records at the land-based locations with different climate conditions (from the Arctic to Patagonia) have been studied on the daily to intraseasonal time scales (low-frequency annual and seasonal variations have been removed by subtracting a wavelet regression from the daily records). It is shown that the power spectra of the daily time series exhibit a universal [...]
Smoothness-constrained Dynamic Parameter Estimation for InSAR Time Series
Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Engineering
Urban resilience and decision-making rely on continuous monitoring of key safety indicators. The increasing availability of interferometric SAR (InSAR) observations offers a valuable opportunity for near real-time stability monitoring, particularly in the built environment. However, traditional InSAR time series methods use batch processing to estimate static displacement parameters, limiting [...]
Sediment storage quantification in the Black Forest highlights tectonic influence on typically wide and shallow valleys
Published: 2025-06-17
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Quantifying sedimentary volumes in mountain valleys can not only enhance our understanding of Quaternary valley evolution and river dynamics but also yield critical insights into hydrogeological characteristics. In contrast to the thoroughly investigated Upper Rhine Graben, little coherent information is available on the subsurface structure of adjacent Black Forest valleys. This study therefore [...]
Putting the Meteors back in Meteorology
Published: 2025-06-17
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
The effects of three extra-terrestrial drivers on UK weather and short-term climate are considered namely, meteor showers, solar flux and GCR on the interdecadal climate in the UK. At least in the study period, these are seen to be in control with no evidence of warming. The UK temperature anomaly can be accounted for by a simple algorithm. In the UK in the inter-decadal period 2005-2011 [...]
The 1993 Jerzmanowice event in Poland and the 1908 Tunguska event
Published: 2025-06-17
Subjects: Education, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This paper is a continuation of a series of works, devoted to various aspects of the 1908 Tunguska event. In this paper its author would like to draw attention to the phenomenon that is sometimes called the Polish Tunguska in the Polish media, although it would probably be more correct to call it mini-Tunguska. In the evening of January 14, 1993, the village Jerzmanowice (about 20 km NW from [...]
Operational Flood Forecasting System in Denmark – Integrating Groundwater and Surface-water
Published: 2025-06-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology
Most operational flood forecasting systems provide predictions of pluvial and fluvial floods, often neglecting groundwater flooding processes. Groundwater flooding occurs when natural drainage system cannot drain water away quick enough, causing the water table to rise above ground. This study presents an operational integrated flood forecasting system that combines surface water and groundwater [...]
Development and Performance Evaluation of a WT-LSTM Hybrid Model for Global Land Meteorological Drought Prediction
Published: 2025-06-17
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In recent years, droughts have become increasingly frequent worldwide, leading to issues such as reduced agricultural yields and ecological degradation in various regions. To mitigate the impact of drought on human survival and development, this study utilizes the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) to analyze the spatiotemporal variations of global droughts. The results [...]
Chapter 3.2 - Distributed Volcanic fields
Published: 2025-06-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Distributed volcanic fields are typically low magma-flux systems, and occur in every tectonic setting. Their volcanoes are typically but not exclusively small-volume (≤1 km3 of magma). The most typical type of volcanoes associated with volcanic fields include scoria cones, tuff rings, maars, tuff cones, spatter cones, and associated lava flows, in addition to sparse medium-size shields and lava [...]
Curved fault slip captured by CCTV video during the 2025 Mw 7.7 Mandalay earthquake
Published: 2025-06-16
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
On-fault geological observations from surface breaking earthquakes typically contain curved slickenlines, suggesting fault slip is curved. However, slickenlines commonly record only a fraction of coseismic slip, making it difficult to reconstruct the full slip trajectory. Near-fault seismic records, though capable of capturing ground motions associated with rupture, are limited in their ability [...]
IMPACTS OF LAND-USE CHANGES ATTRIBUTED TO DISCHARGE LEVEL OF MAHA OYA RIVER BASIN, SRI LANKA
Published: 2025-06-16
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering
River discharge in tropical regions are driven by both rainfall and land-use changes. This study quantifies how land-cover change and altered rainfall regimes have affected discharge in the Maha Oya River basin, Sri Lanka. Previous studies suggest that the river basin had been subjected to serious erosion due to increased soil digging, clay mining, and high flood vulnerability over the last three [...]
Hellenic Arc tsunami generation from Mw8+ 3D margin-wide dynamic rupture earthquake scenarios
Published: 2025-06-16
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
The Hellenic Arc subduction zone is the most seismically active region in the Mediterranean, capable of generating large earthquakes and tsunami. Given the proximity of densely populated coastlines, understanding the characteristics of potential future large tsunamigenic earthquakes is crucial for assessing tsunami hazard. We present non-linear shallow water tsunami simulations sourced from the [...]
Unraveling the effect of convergence obliquity on overriding-plate deformation and strain partitioning in subduction zones
Published: 2025-06-16
Subjects: Tectonics and Structure
The subduction of an oceanic plate causes deformation of the overriding plate, from the forearc to the back-arc regions. Over years, to address the physical controls on such a deformation, various compilations on active deformation have been made, mixing various types of datasets including fault-slip rates, focal mechanisms and geodetic motions. The growing amount of available data now allows for [...]
WITHDRAWN: Constraining the onset of future irreversible retreat of Thwaites Glacier, Antarctica
Published: 2025-06-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology
withdrawn