Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Using satellites to uncover large methane emissions from landfills
Published: 2021-12-28
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences
As atmospheric methane concentrations increase at record pace, it is critical to identify individual emission sources with high potential for mitigation. Landfills are responsible for large methane emissions that can be readily abated but have been sparsely observed. Here we leverage the synergy between satellite instruments with different spatiotemporal coverage and resolution to detect and [...]
pyisotopomer: A Python package for obtaining intramolecular isotope ratio differences from mass spectrometric analysis of nitrous oxide isotopocules
Published: 2021-12-24
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
RATIONALE Obtaining nitrous oxide isotopocule measurements with isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) involves analyzing the ion current ratios of the nitrous oxide parent ion (N2O+) as well as those of the NO+ fragment ion. The data analysis requires correcting for “scrambling” in the ion source, whereby the NO+ fragment ion obtains the outer N atom from the N2O molecule. While descriptions [...]
Imaging evolution of Cascadia slow-slip event using high-rate GPS
Published: 2021-12-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure
The slip history of short-term slow slip event (SSE) is typically inferred from daily Global Positioning System (GPS) data, which, however, cannot image the sub-daily processes, leaving the underlying mechanisms of SSEs elusive. To address the temporal resolution issue, we attempted to employ the kinematic subdaily GPS analysis, which has never been applied to SSE studies because its [...]
ICESat-2 Reservoir Applications: A case study from the largest man-made reservoir in India
Published: 2021-12-24
Subjects: Hydrology
Monitoring inland water levels is crucial for understanding hydrological processes to climate change impact leading to policy implementation. Satellite altimetry has proved to be an excellent technique to precisely measure water levels of rivers, lakes, and other inland water bodies. The ATL13 product of ICESat-2 space-borne LiDAR is solely dedicated to inland water bodies. The water surface [...]
Structural traps and seals for expanding CO2 storage in the northern Horda Platform, North Sea
Published: 2021-12-24
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure
The maturation of geological CCS along the Norwegian Continental Shelf is ongoing in the Norwegian North Sea, however, more storage sites are needed to reach climate mitigation goals by 2050. In order to augment the Aurora site and expand CO2 storage in the northern Horda Platform, regional traps and seals must be assessed to better understand the area’s potential. Here, we leverage wellbore and [...]
Initial estuarine response to the nutrient-rich Piney Point release into Tampa Bay, Florida
Published: 2022-01-05
Subjects: Environmental Health and Protection, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring
From March 30th to April 9th, 2021, 814 million liters of legacy phosphate mining wastewater and marine dredge water from the Piney Point facility were released into lower Tampa Bay (Florida, USA). This resulted in an estimated addition of 186 metric tons of total nitrogen, exceeding typical annual external nitrogen load estimates to lower Tampa Bay in a matter of days. Elevated levels of [...]
Towards Progressive Geospatial Information Processing on Web Systems: A Case Study for Watershed Analysis in Iowa
Published: 2021-12-26
Subjects: Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Sciences
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are available as stand-alone desktop applications as well as web platforms for vector- and raster-based geospatial data processing and visualization. While each approach offers certain advantages, limitations exist that motivate the development of hybrid systems that will increase the productivity of users for performing interactive data analytics using [...]
Comment on ‘Unveiling ductile deformation during fast exhumation of a granitic pluton in a transfer zone’ by Richard Spiess, Antonio Langone, Alfredo Caggianelli, Finlay M. Stuart, Martina Zucchi, Caterina Bianco, Andrea Brogi, & Domenico Liotta
Published: 2021-12-26
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In their paper, Spiess et al. (2021) published structural, geochronological, and EBSD data on one of the monzogranite apophyses (Capo Bianco) of the buried Porto Azzurro Pluton (island of Elba, Northern Apennines, Italy), a pluton emplaced in the upper crust (P < 0.2 GPa; e.g. Papeschi et al., 2019). The authors publish a new U/Pb age of 6.4 ± 0.4 Ma, associated to the thermal peak, and a U-Th/He [...]
Comment on: “Interseismic Strain Accumulation near Lisbon (Portugal) from Space Geodesy” by Fonseca et al. (2021)
Published: 2021-12-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The paper by Fonseca et al. (2021), hereafter referred as FON21, published in Geophysical Research Letters2 make several conclusions that are not convincingly supported by the evidence of the data that is made available. In this comment we will address the following statements: 1) FON21 “provides new evidence of sinistral simple shear driven by a NNE-SSW first-order tectonic lineament; 2) [...]
European carbon storage resource requirements of climate change mitigation targets
Published: 2021-12-28
Subjects: Engineering
As a part of climate change mitigation plans in Europe, CO2 storage scenarios have been reported for the United Kingdom and the European Union with injection rates reaching 75 – 330 MtCO2 yr-1 by 2050. However, these plans are not constrained by geological properties or growth rates with precedent in the hydrocarbon industry. We use logistic models to identify growth trajectories and the [...]
An estimate of the amount of geological CO2 storage over the period 1996-2020
Published: 2021-12-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Databases of industrial-scale carbon capture and storage (CCS) identify the size of projects by their capture capacity, but frequently do not specify the amount of CO2 captured or stored over operating periods. We review a variety of publicly available sources to estimate the amount of CO2 that has been captured and stored by operational CCS facilities since 1996. We organise these sources into [...]
Calibrating the temporal and spatial dynamics of the Ediacaran - Cambrian radiation of animals
Published: 2021-12-31
Subjects: Geochemistry, Geology, Paleontology, Stratigraphy
The Ediacaran-Cambrian transition, which incorporates the radiation of animals, lacks a robust global temporal and spatial framework, resulting in major uncertainty in the evolutionary dynamics of this critical radiation and its relationship to changes in palaeoenvironmental geochemistry. We first present a new δ13Ccarb composite reference curve for the Ediacaran Nama Group of southern Namibia, [...]
A Comprehensive Web-based System for Flood Inundation Map Generation and Comparative Analysis Based on Height Above Nearest Drainage
Published: 2021-12-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Water Resource Management
It is critical to obtain accurate flood extent predictions in a timely manner in order to reduce flood-related casualties and economic losses. Running a real-time flood inundation mapping model is a critical step in supporting quick flood response decisions. Most inundation systems, on the other hand, are either overly demanding in terms of data and computing power or have limited interaction and [...]
WaterBench: A Large-scale Benchmark Dataset for Data-Driven Streamflow Forecasting
Published: 2021-12-31
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Hydrology
This study proposes a comprehensive benchmark dataset for streamflow forecasting, WaterBench, that follows FAIR data principles that is prepared with a focus on convenience for utilizing in data-driven and machine learning studies, and provides benchmark performance for state-of-art deep learning architectures on the dataset for comparative analysis. By aggregating the datasets of streamflow, [...]
Alpine subduction zone metamorphism in the Paleozoic successions of the Monti Romani (Northern Apennines, Italy)
Published: 2022-01-05
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The hinterland of the Cenozoic Northern Apennines fold-and-thrust belt exposes the metamorphic roots of the chain, vestiges of the subduction-related tectono-metamorphic evolution that led to the buildup of the Alpine orogeny in the Mediterranean region. Like in other peri-Mediterranean belts, the tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Paleozoic continental basement in the Apennines is still poorly [...]