Preprints
There are 6976 Preprints listed.
Cloud feedback depends on Southern Ocean salinity
Published: 2022-05-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The uncertainty in equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) has remained persistently unchanged for the past four decades1–4, with cloud feedback3,5–11 as a primary source of the uncertainty. Here we show that a key component of this uncertainty is rooted in the impact of base-state Southern Ocean salinity on cloud feedback. Sea surface salinity in the sinking zone of the Southern Ocean (45o-60oS) [...]
Discoverability of open data is critical to Earth system science
Published: 2022-06-21
Subjects: Education, Life Sciences
There is consensus throughout the Earth system science research community that “open data” is of critical importance. However, discoverability and accessibility are often overlooked, raising the question of how useful archived, but not easily discoverable data are. As part of evaluating databases suitable for our own research data archival, we conducted a data discovery exercise (aggregators and [...]
Defining renewable groundwater use and its relevance to sustainable groundwater management
Published: 2022-05-19
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Groundwater systems are commonly, but variously, defined as renewable or non-renewable based on natural fluxes of recharge or on estimates of aquifer storage and groundwater residence time. However, we show here that the principle of capture challenges simple definitions so that a groundwater system cannot be renewable or non-renewable in and of itself, but only with reference to how the [...]
Using Lagrangian filtering to remove waves from the ocean surface velocity field
Published: 2022-05-19
Subjects: Oceanography
The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite will measure altimetry on scales down to about 15km: at these scales, the sea-surface-height signature of inertia-gravity waves, including barotropic tides and internal tides, will be visible. However, tides and inertia-gravity waves have little impact on tracer transport. Recent work has shown that Lagrangian filtering can be used to [...]
Using Synthetic Data Trained Convolutional Neural Network For Predicting Sub-Resolution Thin Layers From Seismic Data
Published: 2022-05-19
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology
Numerous studies have demonstrated the capability of supervised deep learning techniques for predicting geological features of interest from seismic sections, including features that are difficult to identify using traditional interpretation methods. However, successful application of these techniques in practice has been limited by the difficulty of obtaining large training dataset where seismic [...]
Linking silicon isotopic signatures with diatom communities
Published: 2022-05-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The use of silicon isotope ratios (expressed as d30Si) as a paleolimnological proxy in lacustrine systems requires a better understanding of the role of lake processes in setting the d30Si values of dissolved Si (dSi) in water and in diatom biogenic silica (bSi). We determined the d30Si of modern dSi (d30SidSi) and bSi (d30SibSi) in three lakes in Lassen Volcanic National Park (LAVO), [...]
Geometry and growth of syn-tectonic plutons emplaced in thrust shear zones: Insights from Abu Ziran Pluton, Egypt
Published: 2022-05-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
Coupling of deformation and magmatism has been reported in several old orogenic belts, particularly along thrust faults and shear zones. The syn-kinematic plutons in exhumed shear zones offer the best opportunity to understand the complex relationship between magmatism and regional deformation. The present paper investigates the geometry and internal structure of granite plutons emplaced in [...]
Mechanisms underlying the vulnerability of seasonally dry ecosystems to drought
Published: 2022-05-20
Subjects: Hydrology, Other Forestry and Forest Sciences
Root-zone water storage (RWS) dynamics regulate when plants experience drought-related water stress and mortality. However, because RWS capacity (Smax) is poorly known, it remains challenging to translate variability in precipitation to water stress. Here, we investigate the relationship between precipitation variability and Smax and implement a framework for identifying the vulnerability of [...]
Gender Equity in Oceanography
Published: 2022-05-20
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Gender equity, providing for full participation of people of all genders in the oceanographic workforce, is an important goal for the continued success of the oceanographic enterprise. Here we describe historical obstructions to gender equity, assess recent progress and the current status of gender equity in oceanography by examining quantitative measures of participation, achievement, and [...]
Weak coupling of fluvial aggradation and paleo-denudation rates during the last glacial cycle, Crete, Greece
Published: 2022-05-21
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The impact of Quaternary climate cycles on denudation rates and fluvial aggradation and incision is debated, especially in non-glaciated regions. Here we present paleo-denudation rates and geochronological constraints on aggradation and incision from the Sfakia and Elafonisi alluvial-fan sequences on Crete, Greece. We report seven optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), ten radiocarbon ages, and [...]
Exploration of urban sustainability of India through the lens of sustainable development goals
Published: 2022-05-23
Subjects: Sustainability
Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) index is a recognized metric for measuring progress in the UN SDGs. However, national or multinational-level analyses are more prevalent than sub-national types. We analysed the performance of 14 SDGs for 56 Indian cities (grouped into 6 regions) with available 77 indicators (2020-2021). Pearson’s correlation, hierarchical clustering, data envelopment analysis [...]
Divergence in climate model projections of Arctic Atlantification
Published: 2022-05-23
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Arctic Ocean is strongly stratified by salinity in the uppermost layers. This stratification is a key attribute of the region as it acts as an effective barrier for the vertical exchanges of Atlantic Water heat, nutrients, and CO2 between intermediate depths and the surface of the Eurasian and Amerasian basins (EB and AB). Observations show that from 1970 to 2017, the stratification in the AB [...]
Surging vs. streaming: the dual fast ice flow response to variations in efficiency of the subglacial drainage landsystem
Published: 2022-05-24
Subjects: Geomorphology, Glaciology
Observation and modelling have long contributed to associate surging and streaming of glaciers with glacier thermal regime, variations in meltwater availability and pressure and mechanical coupling at their beds. Using experimental modelling and palaeoglaciological mapping, we explore how the development of subglacial drainage landsystems controls variations in drainage efficiency and ice flow [...]
Caledonian hot zone magmatism in the “Newer Granites”: insight from the Cluanie and Clunes plutons, Northern Scottish Highlands
Published: 2022-05-24
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Scottish “Newer” Granites record the evolution of the Caledonides resulting from Iapetus subduction and slab breakoff during the Silurian-Devonian Scandian Orogeny, but relationships between geodynamics, petrogenesis and emplacement are incomplete. Laser ablation U-Pb results from magmatic zircons at the Cluanie Pluton (Northern Highlands) identify clusters of concordant Silurian data points. A [...]
Tectono-sedimentary evolution of Southern Mexico. Implications for Cretaceous and younger source-to-sink systems in the Mexican foreland basins and the Gulf of Mexico
Published: 2022-05-25
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
An extensive dataset of existing and new geo/thermochronological data from several areas in Southern Mexico constrains the tectonic history of the region, as well as various source-to-sink relationships and local burial histories. Our interpretation acknowledges that not all cooling/heating observed in the source areas is due to erosional exhumation/burial but, in some cases, due to advective [...]