Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Soil moisture modulation of midlatitude heat waves
Published: 2023-02-10
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Heat waves are broadly expected to increase in severity and frequency under climate change. Case studies highlight a number of physical mechanisms that play a role in present-day heat waves, which typically occur during a coalescence of anomalous atmospheric and land surface conditions. However, a unified model of heat wave physics is lacking, primarily owing to difficulty in disentangling the [...]
Has the impact of the Earth’s orbital variation at sub-myriadal timescales been underestimated?
Published: 2023-02-06
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
It is well established that the Earth’s long-term orbital variation affects global climate through insolation changes, particularly with respect to glacial cycles. However, there is little research into the impact of this slowly varying insolation forcing on timescales well below the smallest main periodicity, the precession, of ~ 21,000 years. Here, intermediate complexity climate modelling [...]
Sand Shoal Dynamics of a Tide-Dominated Estuarine Embayment: Comparison of a Numerical Sediment Transport Model against Field Observations
Published: 2023-02-06
Subjects: Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Oceanography
This paper presents an innovative and detailed dataset of currents and sediment transport observations over a sand shoal system responsible for focusing wave energy on eroding coastline. The data are used to measure the performance of a detailed numerical sediment transport model of the sand shoal system. The predictive skill of the model is 0.96 for tidal elevations within Port Phillip Bay, 0.75 [...]
Assessing the impact of war on the water supply infrastructure in Tigray, Ethiopia
Published: 2023-02-10
Subjects: Educational Methods
Armed conflicts throughout the world can have substantial impacts on private and public infrastructure and its people. Over the last two decades, the regional government of Tigray in Ethiopia has invested extensively in developing surface and groundwater resources for water supply leading to 61% of rural and 57% of urban populations having access to safe drinking water by 2020. However, the [...]
Desiccation of ecosystem-critical microbialites in the shrinking Great Salt Lake, Utah (USA)
Published: 2023-02-07
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Great Salt Lake hosts an ecosystem that is critical to migratory birds and international aquaculture, yet it is currently threatened by falling lake elevation and high lakewater salinity resulting from water diversions in the upstream watershed and the enduring megadrought in the western United States. Microbialite reefs underpin the ecosystem, hosting a surface microbial community that is [...]
Transforming place-based management within watersheds in Fiji: the Watershed Interventions for Systems Health project
Published: 2023-02-08
Subjects: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health
Watersheds offer opportunities for place-based interventions to transform systems health via preventative versus reactive approaches to management that achieve multiple co-benefits for public and environmental health. The Watershed Interventions for Systems Health in Fiji (WISH Fiji) project embraced participatory knowledge co-production and action-oriented research to identify risks to public [...]
Gas - escape features along the Trzebiatów Fault offshore Poland: evidence for a leaking petroleum system
Published: 2023-02-09
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure
New 2D high resolution seismic and hydro-acoustic data demonstrate the presence of methane in the shallow sediments and its origin in the Pomeranian Bight, southern of the Baltic Sea area. Various shallow gas features were identified in the Gryfice block, along the inverted Trzebiatów fault zone, including chimneys, bright spots, acoustic blanking, pockmarks, and polarity reversal. Structural and [...]
An Updated Parametrization of Algorithms to Retrieve the Diffuse Attenuation of Light in the Ocean from Remote Sensing and its Impact on Estimates of Net Primary Productivity
Published: 2023-02-09
Subjects: Climate, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Other Environmental Sciences
We recently found a significant bias while validating frequently used ocean color algorithms retrieving the spectral diffuse attenuation coefficient (Kd(λ))(Begouen and Boss, 2022). Here we modify existing algorithms for Kd(λ) to remove the observed bias at Kd(490), and evaluate the impact on global and regional estimates of net primary production (NPP) using two different primary production [...]
PyRaysum: Software for Modeling Ray-theoretical Plane Body-wave Propagation in Dipping Anisotropic Media
Published: 2023-02-09
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing
This article introduces PyRaysum, a Python software for modeling ray-theoretical body-wave propagation in dipping and/or anisotropic layered media based on the popular Fortran code Raysum. We improve and expand upon Raysum in several ways: 1) we significantly reduce the overhead by avoiding input/output operations; 2) we implement automatic phase labeling to facilitate the interpretation of [...]
Discounting the future: The effect of collective motivation on investment decisions and acceptance of policies for renewable energy
Published: 2023-02-09
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Previous research has mainly considered economic factors and personal psychological factors (e.g., personal pro-environmental attitudes) as determinants of investment behavior for renewable energies. However, less is known about how social identities, i.e. the human capacity to think and act as a member of a social group, can shape green investment behavior. Combining insights from economics and [...]
A multi-spatial analysis and the balanced requirements of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) and urban inhabitants in the Cuyahoga River watershed
Published: 2023-02-09
Subjects: Biodiversity
Water quality in the Cuyahoga River, a national heritage river of the United States, has improved greatly since the infamous river fire of 1969, but much of the watershed faces combined demands of a state scenic river valued for nature and the primary water source for surrounding cities. A comparative analysis of mussel abundance was applied to test success between water improvements and mussel [...]
Prolonged thermocline warming by near-inertial internal waves in the wakes of tropical cyclones
Published: 2023-02-11
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Tropical cyclones (TCs) mix vertical temperature gradients in the upper ocean and generate powerful near-inertial internal waves (NIWs) that propagate down into the deep ocean. Globally, downward mixing of heat during TC passage causes warming in the seasonal thermocline and pumps 0.15-0.6 PW of heat into the unventilated ocean. The final distribution of excess heat contributed by TCs is needed [...]
Statistical precursor signals for Dansgaard-Oeschger cooling transitions
Published: 2023-02-14
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Given the likely bistability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and its recently inferred weakening, it is important to investigate the capability of identifying robust precursor signals for a possible future AMOC collapse as well as its collapses in the past. Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events, manifested most clearly as abrupt Northern-Atlantic temperature jumps during [...]
Coseismic Coulomb Stress Changes on Intraplate Faults in the Western Quebec Seismic Zone, Canada: Implications for Seismic Hazards
Published: 2023-02-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences
There is currently no active fault map for the intraplate western Quebec seismic zone (WQSZ) in eastern Canada, and consequently, no detailed finite-fault source models which are critical for seismic hazard assessments in this region with a rapidly growing population. While previous numerical stress modelling studies have shown that mostly NNW-SSE to NW-SE-striking faults exhibit the highest [...]
A focus on different types of organic matter particles and their significance in the open ocean carbon cycle
Published: 2023-02-15
Subjects: Life Sciences
Marine particles are key to the cycling of major elements on Earth and play an important role in the balance of nutrients in the ocean. Three main categories ofmarine particles link the different parts of the open ocean by shaping carbon distribution: (i) sinking; (ii) suspended, and (iii) ascending. Atmospheric carboncaptured by phytoplankton in the surface water, is partly sequestered by [...]