Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Identifying analogues for Melimoyu, a long-dormant and data-limited volcano in Chile, through hierarchical clustering
Published: 2023-02-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Volcanology
Melimoyu is a long-dormant and data-limited volcano in the Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ) in Chile with only two confirmed Holocene eruptions (VEI 5). Determining the frequency-magnitude relationship for Melimoyu is challenging due to data scarcity. To supplement the eruption records, we identify analogue volcanoes for Melimoyu (i.e., volcanoes that behave similarly and are identified through [...]
On the thermo-hydro-mechanical behaviour of Argillaceous hard soils - weak rocks
Published: 2023-01-31
Subjects: Engineering
Analysis and interpretation of the thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) behaviour of argillaceous rocks is still among the most challenging of problems in geomechanical engineering. The comprehensive review of this wide variety of this class of materials has shown how different geotechnical parameters play various roles in the assessment of deep geological repository of high- and intermediate-level [...]
A new mechanism for brittle failure in garnets
Published: 2023-02-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Garnet is a high-strength mineral and preserves structures that can consequently be used to understand the flow strength and evolution of stress within the lower crust. Yet, the deformation mechanisms at the brittle¬-ductile transition of garnet remain ambiguous. Here, we study garnet porphyroclasts from an eclogite facies mylonite (central Australia) to investigate the mechanisms by which garnet [...]
A Comparison of Contemporaneous Airborne Altimetry and Ice-Thickness Measurements of Antarctic Ice Shelves
Published: 2023-02-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Estimates of ice shelf mass loss are typically based on surface height measurements, assuming hydrostatic equilibrium and estimated firn thickness. Recent investigations, however, challenge the assumption that ice shelves are freely floating, particularly in proximity to narrow structures such as basal channels and shear margins. We compare contemporaneous measurements of Antarctic ice shelf [...]
Evaluating large-domain, hecto-meter, large-eddy simulations of trade-wind clouds using EUREC4A data
Published: 2023-02-01
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The meso-scale variability in cloudiness of the marine trade-wind layer is explored with large-eddy simulations of regional extent and validated against observations of the EUREC4A field campaign. 41 days of realistically forced simulations present a representative, sta- tistical view on shallow convection in the winter North Atlantic trades that includes a wide range of meso-scale variability [...]
Physics-Informed Neural Networks Applied to Catastrophic Creeping Landslides
Published: 2023-02-12
Subjects: Computational Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering
In this study, a new paradigm compared to traditional numerical approaches to solve the partial differential equation (PDE) that governs the thermo-poro-mechanical behavior of the shear band of deep-seated landslides, is presented. In particular, we show projections of the temperature inside the shear band as a proxy to estimate catastrophic failure of deep-seated landslides. A deep neural [...]
Internal gravity waves generated by subglacial discharge: implications for tidewater glacier melt
Published: 2023-02-02
Subjects: Climate, Oceanography
Submarine melting has been implicated in the accelerated retreat of marine-terminating glaciers globally. Energetic ocean flows, such as subglacial discharge plumes, are known to enhance submarine melting in their immediate vicinity. Using observations and a large eddy simulation, we demonstrate that discharge plumes emit high-frequency internal gravity waves that propagate along glacier termini [...]
Environmental DNA (eDNA) based fish biodiversity assessment of two Himalayan rivers of Nepal reveals diversity differences and highlights new species distribution records
Published: 2023-02-03
Subjects: Biodiversity
Although over 180 freshwater fish species have been reported from Nepal, little is known of their ecology and distribution. This information is needed because their diversity may be threatened by developments like hydropower constructions. We conducted Nepal’s first environmental DNA (eDNA) based fish biodiversity assessment in two major river systems- Karnali River (KR), which is still [...]
Reading the sediment archive of the Eastern Campeche Bank (southern Gulf of Mexico): From the aftermath of the Chicxulub impact to Loop Current variability
Published: 2023-02-03
Subjects: Life Sciences
This is the first high-resolution seismic study showing how the Chicxulub impact shaped the eastern slope of the Campeche Bank in the south-eastern Gulf of Mexico. The induced shock wave fractured Cretaceous strata causing the collapse of the upper slope and shelf over a length of ca. 200 km. Failed material was either transported downslope or remained in parts on the accommodation space created [...]
Future Temperature Related Deaths in the U.S.: The Impact of Climate Change, Demographics, and Adaptation
Published: 2023-02-05
Subjects: Environmental Public Health
Mortality due to extreme temperatures is one of the most important impacts of climate change. In this analysis, we use historic mortality and temperature data from 106 cities in the United States to develop a model that predicts deaths attributable to temperature. With this model and projections of future temperature from climate models, we estimate temperature-related deaths in the United States [...]
HIGH-DIMENSIONAL NONLINEAR BAYESIAN INFERENCE OF POROELASTIC FIELDS FROM PRESSURE DATA
Published: 2023-02-10
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We investigate solution methods for large-scale inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) via Bayesian inference. The Bayesian framework provides a statistical setting to infer uncertain parameters from noisy measurements. To quantify posterior uncertainty, we adopt Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approaches for generating samples. To increase the efficiency of these [...]
Finite-volume coupled surface-subsurface flow modelling in earth dikes
Published: 2023-02-10
Subjects: Engineering
Earthen embankments are subject to increasing threads because of climate change inducing sequences of severe drought periods followed by floods possibly leading to overtopping of the structures. Consequently, the water saturation of the dike can vary significantly both in space and time, and the resulting groundwater flow can affect the free-surface flow in case of overtopping. Conversely, the [...]
Considerable gaps in our global knowledge of potential groundwater accessibility
Published: 2023-02-11
Subjects: Geology, Hydrology, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
At what depth groundwater can be found below the land surface is key to understanding whether it is potentially accessible to ecosystems and humans, or what role it plays in the water cycle. Knowledge of ground-water table depth (WTD) exists at regional scales in many places, but a bottom-up knowledge aggregation to obtain a coherent global picture is exceptionally challenging. Uncertainty in [...]
Clumped isotopes in globally distributed Holocene coccoliths reveal their habitat depth
Published: 2023-02-06
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Reliable temperature reconstructions are necessary to improve climate reconstructions and comparisons with paleoclimate model simulations. Most existing paleotemperature proxies are based on organic and inorganic remains of marine organisms. Despite the evidence that the habitat depth of coccolithophores and other phytoplankton depend on their ability to balance light, nutrients, and grazing [...]
Changes in water age during dry-down of a non-perennial stream
Published: 2023-02-10
Subjects: Hydrology
Non-perennial streams, which lack year-round flow, are widespread globally. Identifying the sources of water that sustain flow in non-perennial streams is necessary to understand their potential impacts on downstream water resources, and guide water policy and management. Here, we used water isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) and two different modeling approaches to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics [...]