Preprints
There are 6976 Preprints listed.
A multi-spatial analysis and the balanced requirements of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) and urban inhabitants in the Cuyahoga River watershed
Published: 2023-02-10
Subjects: Biodiversity
Water quality in the Cuyahoga River, a national heritage river of the United States, has improved greatly since the infamous river fire of 1969, but much of the watershed faces combined demands of a state scenic river valued for nature and the primary water source for surrounding cities. A comparative analysis of mussel abundance was applied to test success between water improvements and mussel [...]
Prolonged thermocline warming by near-inertial internal waves in the wakes of tropical cyclones
Published: 2023-02-11
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Tropical cyclones (TCs) mix vertical temperature gradients in the upper ocean and generate powerful near-inertial internal waves (NIWs) that propagate down into the deep ocean. Globally, downward mixing of heat during TC passage causes warming in the seasonal thermocline and pumps 0.15-0.6 PW of heat into the unventilated ocean. The final distribution of excess heat contributed by TCs is needed [...]
Statistical precursor signals for Dansgaard-Oeschger cooling transitions
Published: 2023-02-14
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Given the likely bistability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and its recently inferred weakening, it is important to investigate the capability of identifying robust precursor signals for a possible future AMOC collapse as well as its collapses in the past. Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events, manifested most clearly as abrupt Northern-Atlantic temperature jumps during [...]
Coseismic Coulomb Stress Changes on Intraplate Faults in the Western Quebec Seismic Zone, Canada: Implications for Seismic Hazards
Published: 2023-02-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences
There is currently no active fault map for the intraplate western Quebec seismic zone (WQSZ) in eastern Canada, and consequently, no detailed finite-fault source models which are critical for seismic hazard assessments in this region with a rapidly growing population. While previous numerical stress modelling studies have shown that mostly NNW-SSE to NW-SE-striking faults exhibit the highest [...]
A focus on different types of organic matter particles and their significance in the open ocean carbon cycle
Published: 2023-02-15
Subjects: Life Sciences
Marine particles are key to the cycling of major elements on Earth and play an important role in the balance of nutrients in the ocean. Three main categories ofmarine particles link the different parts of the open ocean by shaping carbon distribution: (i) sinking; (ii) suspended, and (iii) ascending. Atmospheric carboncaptured by phytoplankton in the surface water, is partly sequestered by [...]
An interview with ChatGPT: discussing artificial intelligence in teaching, research, and practice
Published: 2023-02-15
Subjects: Engineering Education, Geology, Geotechnical Engineering, Higher Education
This paper examines the potential of using the AI language model ChatGPT in the field of engineering geology. The authors, an engineering geologist and a university teacher, conduct a series of conversations with ChatGPT to explore its capabilities in assisting with research and learning, and its potential implications for scientific publications. The paper also considers the future of human-AI [...]
Evidence of Early Supershear Transition in the Feb 6th 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaraş Turkey Earthquake From Near-Field Records
Published: 2023-02-15
Subjects: Aerospace Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Mw7.8 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake was larger and more destructive than what had been expected for the tectonic setting in Southeastern Turkey. By using near-field records we provide evidence for early supershear transition on the splay fault that hosted the nucleation and early propagation of the first rupture that eventually transitioned into the East Anatolian fault. We also find, for the [...]
Temporal evolution of under-ice meltwater layers and false bottoms and their impact on summer Arctic sea ice mass balance
Published: 2023-02-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Low-salinity meltwater from Arctic sea ice and its snow cover accumulates and creates under-ice meltwater layers below sea ice. These meltwater layers can result in the formation of new ice layers, or false bottoms, at the interface of this low-salinity meltwater and colder seawater. As part of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC), we used a [...]
Performance and sensitivity of column-wise and pixel-wise methane retrievals for imaging spectrometers
Published: 2023-02-16
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences
Airborne imaging spectrometers are increasingly used to map methane (CH4) at high spatial resolution (e.g., 3-5 m). This study presents an analysis of two common approaches to retrieve methane from imaging spectrometer data. The approaches are (1) the columnwise matched filter (CMF), and (2) the physics-based Iterative Maximum A Posteriori – Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy [...]
Wavelet-based wavenumber spectral estimate of eddy kinetic energy: Application to the North Atlantic
Published: 2023-02-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
An ensemble of eddy-rich North Atlantic simulations is analyzed, providing estimates of eddy kinetic energy (EKE) wavenumber spectra and spectral budgets below the mixed layer where energy input from surface convection is negligible. A wavelet transform technique is used to estimate a spatially localized `pseudo-Fourier' spectrum, permitting comparisons to be made between spectra at different [...]
Protecting fish and farms: incentivising adoption of modern fish-protection screens for water pumps and gravity-fed diversions in Australia
Published: 2023-02-17
Subjects: Agriculture
Modern fish-protection screens offer significant potential benefits for Australia. The Commonwealth and New South Wales (NSW) governments have invested over $30m to incentivise early adoption by water users. However, successful adoption requires an understanding of the motivations and abilities of water users, and strategies to overcome key barriers to adoption. Four practices have been used in [...]
Quantifying fire-specific smoke severity
Published: 2023-02-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Health and Protection, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Rapidly changing wildfire regimes across the Western US has driven more frequent and severe wildfires, resulting in wide-ranging societal threats from the wildfires themselves and the smoke that they generate. However, common measures of fire severity focus on what is burned and do not account for the societal impacts of the smoke generated from each fire. We combine satellite-derived fire scars, [...]
Transformation of dense shelf water cascade into turbidity currents: insights from high-resolution geophysical datasets
Published: 2023-02-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Sedimentology
Dense shelf water cascade (DSWC) is a common oceanographic phenomenon on many continental shelves. Previous studies indicate that the DSWC could shape seabed physiography and carry seawater, sediment, and organic carbon a long distance from the continental shelf to the basin floor. However, it remains enigmatic how these DSWC’s interact with seabed geomorphology and travel long distances from the [...]
False positives are common in single-station template matching
Published: 2023-02-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Planetary Geophysics and Seismology, Planetary Sciences
Template matching has become a cornerstone technique of observational seismology. By taking known events, and scanning them against a continuous record, new events smaller than the signal-to-noise ratio can be found, substantially improving the magnitude of completeness of earthquake catalogues. Template matching is normally used in an array setting, however as we move into the era of planetary [...]
Did hydroclimate conditions contribute to the political dynamics of Majapahit? A preliminary analysis
Published: 2023-02-21
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Studies, Geography, Human Geography, Nature and Society Relations, Physical and Environmental Geography, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Majapahit was the largest Hindu-Buddhist empire that ruled the Indonesian archipelago from the late 13th to mid-16th centuries CE. Only now there is still a lot of history surrounding the Majapahit era that has yet to be revealed. One is about how environmental factors influenced the political dynamics at that time. This study tries to discuss the influence of hydroclimate regimes using the Paleo [...]