Preprints
There are 6976 Preprints listed.
Preserved eolian bedforms control reservoir heterogeneity: characterization and modeling workflow for the Avilé Member, Neuquén Basin, Argentina
Published: 2024-10-11
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Under certain conditions, most commonly abrupt flooding events, entire eolian bedforms can be incorporated into the geological record. Sediment that was essentially ‘in transport’ within these bedforms at the time of preservation has a distinct sedimentary architecture compared to that of sensu stricto accumulated intervals. Despite this, while the preservation of bedforms has been readily [...]
Definitional confusion and collateral damage due to new deforestation-free trade policies
Published: 2024-10-11
Subjects: Environmental Studies
1. New policies for deforestation-free trade policies, such as the European Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), critically depend on the definition of forest, as mappable land cover and/or as rights-related land use type. Areas with a high tree cover combined with agricultural use and agroforestry are excluded from the official forest definition but are not separately mapped. Based on the [...]
Unlocking DAS amplitude information through coherency coupling quantification
Published: 2024-10-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Geotechnical Engineering
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) allows one to measure strain at metre-resolution along a fibreoptic cable, increasing spatial sampling of a seismic wavefield compared to conventional instrumentation. However, the challenge of measuring DAS-derived strain amplitude currently limits applications of this technology. Absolute amplitude measurements are required for estimating earthquake [...]
Viability of video imaging spectro-radiometry (VISR) for quantifying flare combustion efficiency
Published: 2024-10-12
Subjects: Engineering
Video imaging spectro-radiometry (VISR) has been proposed as a means to quantify the combustion efficiency (CE) of flares. This work presents a numerical assessment of VISR using computational fluid dynamics simulations of a steam-assisted industrial flare, with a focus on three aspects: how approximations in the radiometric model impact the local “pixel-wise” CE, the validity of the approach [...]
Multiobjective Optimization for Optimal Water Resource Allocation
Published: 2024-10-14
Subjects: Engineering, Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering
This work investigates the use of multiobjective optimization (MOO) in the distribution of water resources, a crucial problem made worse by rising demand brought on by population expansion, industrialization, and climate change. Conventional unidimensional methods frequently fall short in considering the intricacies of conflicting water requirements in several domains, including domestic [...]
Tracking glacier surge evolution using interferometric SAR coherence — examples from Svalbard
Published: 2024-10-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We present a practically simple methodology for tracking glacier surge onset and evolution using interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) coherence. Detecting surges early and monitoring their build-up is interesting for a multitude of scientific and safety-related aspects. We show that InSAR coherence maps allow the detection of surge-related instability on Svalbard many years before [...]
Synthetic Tests on Resolvability of Space-Time Rupture History With Isola
Published: 2024-10-15
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
This study evaluates the limitations of the ISOLA software in estimating rupture velocity by using synthetic tests that mimic the 2023 Turkish Mw 7.8 earthquake. Two types of slip-distribution models, point-like and continuous, were used as input for synthetic seismogram generation, which were then inverted using ISOLA multiple-point-source (MPS) approach. Key parameters affecting the software [...]
Potential effects of coagulation processes on phytoplankton mortality in the Elbe estuary from a Lagrangian point of view
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Environmental Health and Protection, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Oceanography, Water Resource Management
Within the Elbe estuary, a sudden change in depth occurs when the river enters the shipping channel in the Port of Hamburg. This change in depth correlates with a sharp decline in phytoplankton concentrations. This decline affects the estuarine food web and shifts the ecosystem from autotrophic to heterotrophic during the summer months. Previous studies have hypothesized that this collapse is [...]
Geochemical volcano monitoring
Published: 2025-03-26
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The geochemistry of volcanic fluids is increasingly employed at volcano observatories worldwide to assess volcano activity state, and eruption potential. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in the field, with a primary focus on the most recent developments in instrumental gas monitoring that have rendered geochemistry an increasingly effective eruption-forecasting tool. We describe the main [...]
Measures of deep-time terrestrial net ecosystem productivity and carbon sink function
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Indicators of past biological productivity, or ‘palaeoproductivity proxies’, offer ways to indirectly measure Earth’s deep-time ecosystem and carbon cycle functioning. Given that plants have been the principal primary producers on land for hundreds of millions of years, the abundances of fossil plants in the rock record can indicate past changes in net terrestrial ecosystem productivity (NTEP). [...]
Controls of Dynamic and Static Stress Changes and Aseismic Slip on Delayed Earthquake Triggering: Application to the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Dynamic earthquake triggering often involves a time delay relative to the peak stress perturbation. In this study, we investigate the physical mechanisms responsible for delayed triggering. We compute detailed spatiotemporal changes in dynamic and static Coulomb stresses at the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest mainshock hypocenter, induced by the Mw 5.4 foreshock, using 3D dynamic rupture models. The [...]
Emotional predictors of environmental policy support and opposition
Published: 2024-10-15
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Understanding the affective responses to the climate and ecological emergency is essential to the development of and compliance with mitigation and adaptation policy. Empirical evidence suggests that individuals feeling negative emotions about the state of nature and the climate are more likely to show greater support for environmental policy. This is the first study investigating which among [...]
Global Rice Paddy Inventory (GRPI): a high-resolution inventory of methane emissions from rice agriculture based on Landsat satellite inundation data
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Rice agriculture is a major source of atmospheric methane, but current emission inventories are highly uncertain, mostly due to poor rice-specific inundation data. Inversions of atmospheric methane observations can help to better quantify rice emissions but require high-resolution prior information on the location and timing of emissions. Here we use Landsat satellite data at 30 m resolution to [...]
EasyMP™: Diverse and environmentally relevant microplastic reference materials encompassing fragments and fibers
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The field of microplastic (MP) research has expanded significantly since the terminology’s inception in 2004. Despite the exponential increase in studies, the availability of environmentally relevant MP reference materials (RMs) remains limited, and no certified MP RMs exist. This study addresses the need for diverse RMs by presenting data on MP RMs of fragments (10-100 µm) and fibers (50-1000 [...]
Unearthed from old soils: New records of Antarctic tardigrades, nematodes, and rotifers in the Prince Charles Mountains based on partial sequences of Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Biodiversity, Life Sciences
Despite only 0.3% of Antarctica being ice-free, those areas harbor diverse small organisms such as tardigrades, nematodes, and rotifers. The habitats of these cryptic organisms face threats from human activity, climate change, and pollution. Biodiversity surveys are essential for managing their protection and such surveys have been proven well possible in Antarctica using environmental DNA (eDNA) [...]